"不方便法院原则"存废之我见 --析跨国公司境外侵权对"不方便法院原则"的冲击

目前,学界对"不方便法院原则"褒贬不一,有关其存废争议颇大.笔者通过对其内涵和功能的考察找到其实质所在,并针对跨国公司境外侵权对该原则的冲击提出自己的意见,期望对相关立法有所裨益.     

关于新疆转变经济发展方式的思考

新疆经济发展实现了总量不断增长，消费、轻工业和地方工业对经济的拉动作用增强，国民收入不断增长。但经济发展方式转变中还存在经济增长方式粗放，经济体制不完善等问题。要加快新疆经济发展方式转变，就要加大产业结构调整，积极拓宽消费空间，完善经济体制建设。     

Community filmmaking as research: (re)considering knowledge production through the camera's lens

In southern Chile, Mapuche Indigenous communities are using video and digital filmmaking to collectively reflect on and communicate knowledge. This article shares their experience, arguing that with the increasing accessibility of information and communication technologies, we should be rethinking and broadening the acceptable ways to generate and convey knowledge about development. Acknowledging the diverse ways of knowing and communicating knowledge, this article suggests that video can be a powerful tool for self-representative knowledge-sharing by Indigenous communities. Only by expanding our debates beyond written media can we engage equitably with a plurality of knowledge-holders to resolve development challenges.     

猪白细胞介素21基因的原核表达与多抗血清的制备

为了制备猪白细胞介素21(porcine interleukin-21,pIL-21)的多克隆抗体,采用RT-PCR从猪外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)扩增获得pIL-21基因,然后将其克隆至大肠杆菌表达载体pET-32a(+)之中,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blot分析结果显示,pIL-21以可溶性蛋白形式表达,分子质量为35ku,具有良好的反应原性。经过Ni-NTA镍离子亲和层析纯化,获得纯化的重组蛋白pIL-21。用其免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗pIL-21血清抗体。Western-blot分析结果显示,该抗体可与杆状病毒表达的重组Cap-pIL-21、ConA和PHA共刺激的猪PBMC细胞发生特异性反应,ELISA抗体效价可达1∶12 800。上述研究结果为pIL-21的生物学功能研究奠定了重要基础。     

贫困县产业发展的困境与破解路径

贫困县产业发展面临市场竞争力与生态承载力双重低下的困境,也面临着诸多制约因素。为实现贫困县的稳定脱贫和持续发展,必须以提升可持续竞争力为目标,加快贫困县的产业发展。即以“产业化扶贫”工程为抓手,推动农业的特色化、产业化和生态化发展,提升农业可持续竞争力;以国家扶持和扩大开放为“杠杆”,推动工业的新型化发展,提升工业可持续竞争力;优化产业的空间布局,实施“点状”集约开发,推动企业的集群化发展;完善政府对贫困县产业发展的公共服务和补偿机制。     

Compulsory treatment with clozapine: a retrospective long-term cohort study

BACKGROUND: Clozapine is the gold standard in treatment of treatment-resistant psychotic patients. We know little about the effects of compulsory treatment in patients unwilling to accept the necessary treatment. AIMS: To assess the effectiveness, tolerability and safety of compulsory treatment with clozapine (CTC). METHOD: A cohort of 17 consecutive patients given compulsory treatment with clozapine were rated retrospectively by their treating psychiatrists on the basis of their case notes. RESULTS: CGI-S decreased significantly over time until last observation after a mean of more than 15 months. No patient deteriorated as measured by CGI-I. At last observation as many as ten of the 11 patients still on clozapine were classified as much to very much improved. The degree of custodial restriction at last observation showed improvement in 11 patients and no change in six. No serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSION: A trial of compulsory treatment with clozapine showed this treatment to be feasible, effective, safe and well tolerated.     

强制汽车责任保险之保险人责任性质探讨——兼评《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》第21条之不足

强制汽车责任保险中的保险人承担的是何种责任,学术界一直争论不休。实际上,保险人的责任应为合同义务,保险人责任一词本身并不科学。而产生这一用语并导致诸多争端的正是我国刚实施不久的《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》中的相关规定。解决这一问题的办法是借鉴他国先进立法,将侵权制度与责任保险制度明确分离。     

Effectiveness of comparison overlays generated with DentalPrint software in bite mark analysis

Validation studies of the new DentalPrint software were carried out with experimental bite marks in pigskin. The bite marks were digitally photographed according to the ABFO guidelines for evidence collection. Dental casts used in the experiment were scanned in 3D and 2D, and comparison overlays were generated using DentalPrint and Adobe Photoshop software, respectively. Digitized photographs of the experimental bite marks and the biting edges obtained in the overlays were compared by two different examiners to analyze the impact of training and experience with the two methods. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence intervals for each cutoff point were calculated. The expert examiner using DentalPrint obtained the best results, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.76 (SE=0.057; CI at 95%=0.652-0.876). Fairly high specificity values were found for DentalPrint, and the best results were obtained for the cutoff value that discriminated between the examiner's response "biter" and the rest of the possible (specificity 97.9%, CI at 95%=93.2%-99.6%). Therefore, the results presented here indicate that DentalPrint is a useful, accurate tool for forensic purposes, although further research on the comparison process is needed to enhance the validity of bite mark analysis.     

Implication of population structure in the resolution of cattle stealing cases

Estimation of population subdivision using genetic markers shows that genetic differentiation in livestock and pet breeds is significantly higher than in human populations. Nevertheless, the influence of population substructure and sample size on match probability has not been extensively analyzed in domestic species. To evaluate the magnitude of the subpopulation effect on estimation of match probabilities in bovine robbery cases, we calculated and compared the match probabilities obtained from cattle breed databases using both real, adjudicated cases from the Buenos Aires Province (Argentina), as well as simulated data. While the Balding and Nichols' correction, when applied to the population database used in the case, produce a more conservative value favorable to the defendant, the match probabilities calculated using the simple product estimator produce a value favorable to the prosecution. We suggest an alternative procedure that can be used. The method consists of choosing the highest value from all match probabilities calculated from the database of each breed. This approach represents an intermediate and more accurate estimation of match probability, although it still produces a slight conservative value favorable to the defense.     

Y chromosome STR haplotypes in the Caribbean city of Cartagena (Colombia)

Haplotype data were obtained from a sample of 173 unrelated male individuals from Cartagena (Colombia), for 16 Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389 I, DYS389 II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS460, DYS461, DYS635, GATA H4 and GATA A10). No shared haplotypes were observed, demonstrating the usefulness and informative power of these Y-STRs in male lineage identification in Cartagena. Genetic distances were calculated using previously published haplotype data and the lowest values were found for the comparisons with samples of Iberian origin.