地方政府结构合理化的三维透视

当前我国地方政府结构优化主要体现在三个层面,即纵向层面的省管县改革、横向层面的区域行政整合和自身的大部门制改革。本文从这三个维度出发,在地方政府结构变革的框架内,探讨了各层面改革的目的、基本走向及其对地方政府结构变化的作用与影响,认为改革体现了政府结构走向合理化的总体趋势。由此提出:只有当地方政府内外整合系统充分发挥作用,地方政府与市场、社会间协调有度,地方政府利益与观念高度同化,地方政府制度衔接性好,地方政府流程顺畅时,才能实现地方政府结构的优化。     

国家文化安全与编辑使命

文化是民族精神的结晶,也是民族凝聚力的核心与源泉。文化全球化带给我们的负面影响使我国的主流文化价值体系受到较大威胁。作为民族文化的建构者、传承者与"守护神"编辑工作者应该自觉地承担起自己的职业使命,在我国文化生产与文化传播的环节中,主动发挥好净化优化作用、引导促进作用、弘扬创新作用,为维护祖国的文化安全作出应有的贡献。     

中俄跨境水污染灾害及区域减灾合作机制探讨

本文应用区域经济和博弈论相关理论,以2005年松花江水污染造成跨境污染为案例,探讨责任和赔偿以及区域减灾合作机制等问题。尽管这起跨境水污染已经过去8年,但通过对这几年中俄解决有关跨国水污染问题的实践分析,在解决越境污染及区域减灾合作机制方面还处于探索阶段。文中主要从中俄地缘条件、双边合作基础等方面,对中俄跨境河流水资源管理的基本原则、合作机制的法律基础、跨国污染的解决措施等方面进行了探讨。     

贵州省山羊痘病例的病原学鉴定与病理学观察

为对近年来发生在贵州省部分地区疑似山羊痘的疫情做出确诊,取疑似山羊痘病羊皮肤及黏膜痘疹,处理后接种Vero-E6细胞,可观察到明显的细胞病变;反向间接血凝试验显示,细胞培养液血凝效价为22~25,阳性率达100%(5/5);以山羊痘病毒P32基因的1对特异性引物,从9份痘疹样本(共10份)及2株分离株PCR扩增出963 bp的特异性DNA条带;取感染细胞培养物接种成年健康山羊,山羊出现了典型的临床症状和病理变化,接种10日龄鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜也能表现出明显的痘斑病变,痘斑出现率可达40%;病羊上皮细胞呈不同程度的水泡变性,胞浆内含多量嗜酸性包涵体;细胞内存在圆形或卵圆形、有囊膜、大小约为310 nm×204 nm的病毒粒子。结果表明,近年来发生在贵州省部分地区的山羊疫情是山羊痘所致。     

论公司法中的强制性规范

从公司规范的效力价值的视角对强制性规范的划分提出了建议:在外以是否涉及社会与第三人利益为准,在内以保护公司内部中小股东利益为标准来划定公司法中的强制性规范。     

Legislative Twitter Style: Electoral Vulnerability,Social Media,and Constituency-Building in Large Multimember Electoral Systems

How do legislators use social media to cultivate their constituencies in large multimember electoral districts? Colombia's Senate nationwide district offers a suitable case to examine how lawmakers, through their behaviour on Twitter, geographically target their audiences. We employ microblog user geolocation methods which infer locations using textual content in order to identify where Colombian senators' Twitter ‘home’ is. We find that senators' location targeting on Twitter largely mirrors the geographical distribution of their votes. Deviations from that pattern mostly stem from their vulnerability to intraparty competition and the nature of their parties' organisation.     

Reproducing crises: Understanding the role of law in the COVID-19 global pandemic

Governmental responses to the COVID-19 global pandemic have generated numerous constitutionals, policy, legal, and political-economic debates. Scholarly engagements with the sociolegal and policy consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have been dominated by discussion on the role of emergency powers, the suspension of individual civil liberties, the suspension of economic rules in order to guarantee economic survival, and social regulation of public spaces and of workplaces. This paper aims to explore how a critical sociolegal scholarship can contribute to a more sophisticated understanding of the role of law in creating the unequal conditions that propitiated the COVID-19 pandemic and that might enable further crises. This introduction offers a roadmap for theorizing the limits of law, the operationalization of emergency powers and the different policies implemented by global south and north countries in response to the pandemic. This introduction is structured as follow: (1) provides a general overview of the law and society tradition and its engagement with the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) engages with three key consequences of the pandemic, labor, and the lockdown; colonial implications; and the limits of law; (3) introduces the papers in this special issue; (4) sketches a proposal for the critical sociolegal scholarship of law and crises.     

从工会视角浅议职工集体上访原因及其对策

职工集体上访是新时期人民内部矛盾的一种突出反映,是党和政府高度关注的重大问题,处理好职工集体上访也是工会服务全局的一项重要职责.本文从工会的视角,对职工集体上访的特点、原因进行剖析,在此基础上,提出了工会在职工集体上访工作中的思路和建议.     

藤黄中新藤黄酸提取分离工艺改进

目的 改进从中药藤黄中提取、分离新藤黄酸的工艺。方法 按正交试验法优选提取工艺，以乙醇为提取溶剂，并采用AB-8大孔树脂富集，硅胶柱湿法上样，流动相（石油醚∶乙醇=20∶1）洗脱，分离得到纯化的金黄色化合物。运用熔点测定、紫外光谱、红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振技术，通过与文献数据比较来确证化合物结构。结果 金黄色化合物的熔点、紫外光谱、红外光谱、质谱、1H 核磁共振谱（nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR）、13C-NMR数据与文献中新藤黄酸的相应数据一致。结论 运用改进的工艺从藤黄中提取分离新藤黄酸是可行的，更利于工业化生产。     

Development Cooperation and Dependency: An Analysis of Brazilian-Spanish Cooperation in Latin America Between 2010 and 2018

Based on analysis of Brazilian-Spanish cooperation in Latin America, this article aims to contribute to the discussion on whether South–South Cooperation (SSC) represents an alternative model with specific and differentiated objectives, or if it largely reproduces the constraints and interests traditionally associated with the North–South model, but with new institutions and actors. We start by analysing the main criticisms levelled at cooperation in the literature, emphasising the identification, review and comparison of the mechanisms of domination and dependency that derive from the bilateral and multilateral practices of traditional development cooperation. We then construct a synthetic dependency index to measure the ability of Spain and Brazil – as representative cases of North–South Cooperation (NSC) and SSC with Latin America – to influence the foreign trade, investment and foreign policy decisions of aid recipients, and to empirically contrast the lower level of verticality that much of the available literature assumes about SSC schemes. The empirical analysis suggests significant differences between NSC and SSC in terms of their ability to reproduce dependency patterns and validate the discourse that tends to identify the latter as an alternative cooperation model.