Cognitive-behavioral treatment of men who batter: The short-term effects of group therapy

A cognitive-behavioral approach for the treatment of wife abuse was evaluated using a pre-post design and multiple outcome measures. The treatment approach consisted of assertiveness training, relaxation training, and cognitive restructuring. Treatment also focused on increasing the client's acceptance of sex-role changes. Data were available on 92 men who completed 12 sessions of a skills group and eight sessions of a supplemental process group. There were significant changes in the desired direction in anger level, jealousy, depression, and attitudes about women's roles. These changes were maintained after adjusting scores for social desirability response bias. The importance of adjusting scores for response bias or obtaining spouse's reports of the man's behavior is discussed.     

State change in Chile, 1973–1988

All of the Southern Cone military regimes of the 1970s articulated a commitment to a neoconservative program of state change. Nowhere, however, was the commitment translated into policy with greater zeal, speed, and consistency than in Chile. What differed in Chile was less a lack of resistance to neoconservatism than the capacity of the economic team to ignore or override that resistance due to the extreme concentration of political power achieved by General Augusto Pinochet. The Chilean experience consequently underlines the importance of institutional arrangements for understanding variations in policy outcomes. Karen L. Remmer is a professor of political science at the University of New Mexico and associate editor of theLatin American Research Review. Her research interests revolve around the interface between politics and economics in Latin America with special reference to the policy impact of regime change.     

A discriminant function analysis of deciduous teeth to determine sex

Studies of deciduous teeth have concluded that crown size differences in these teeth between males and females are not reliable sex discriminators, in contrast to such differences in permanent teeth. This study measured the mesiodistal and faciolingual crown diameters of all deciduous teeth, as well as those of the permanent first molars, of 162 children from the Burlington Orthodontic Growth Study, conducted earlier in Burlington, Ontario, Canada. All 40 deciduous tooth diameters (20 mesiolingual and 20 faciolingual) were significantly different between the sexes, as were the permanent tooth diameters. Using three to five measurements of deciduous teeth, discriminant analyses of several samplings of these children produced discriminant functions in which 76 to 90% of the holdout samples were correctly classified by sex. Combinations of deciduous and permanent measurements were used to classify 83 to 85% of the holdout samples correctly. When compared with published data on other sample populations, the Burlington group is the most dimorphic for deciduous teeth and is within the range of permanent tooth dimorphisms of other populations. The level of classification accuracy, when using discriminant analysis of the deciduous teeth, can approach the accuracy levels of analysis using the permanent teeth.     

Government Borrowing in Australia

This article examines the Australian experience with coordinatedgovernment borrowing from federation to the present day. Itreveals significant changes in the purposes for which the borrowingarrangements were originally designed and are now used. Largelyfor this reason, the outward form of the arrangements no longerresembles their actual operation, causing severe accountabilityproblems. Whatever the advantages of coordinated governmentborrowing for economic management in a federal system, the Australianexperience shows that it may have economic disadvantages aswell. The time has come, therefore, for the borrowing arrangementsto be rethought and revised.     

Procedural justice and ethical decision making

Procedural justice, in the form of voice and respectful treatment by supervisor, and ethical decision making are examined in this research. Ethical decision making is hypothesized to be a direct function of moral intent, as indicated by willingness to use moral criteria in decision making. Moral intent is, in turn, expected to be a function of the decision-making context, including perceptions of voice, respect and trust between supervisor and subordinate, and moral climate. Individual moral development is also expected to have a positive effect on moral intent. Results generally support the model, with two exceptions. First, perception of voice has a negative effect on moral intent, while caring climate and respectful supervisory relations have the expected positive effect on moral intent. These results suggest either a compensatory model of ethical decision making or a complacency effect. Second, individual characteristics had very little effect on either the decision made or the level of moral intent developed, save for one decision. These results suggest an important overlooked variable, the salience of issues for procedural justice concerns.