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101.
This paper analyzes the prospects for introducing the precautionary principle in water protection policy. In situations where a problem enters the political agenda and scientific uncertainties remain about causes or effects, political actors can justify state intervention based on the precautionary principle. It allows for public action even if risks related to the problem remain unclear. While the precautionary principle is widely applied in health and environmental policy fields all over the world, the mechanisms leading to its adoption are not fully understood. To close this gap, the paper investigates decision-makers preferences for the precautionary principle and further asks: Which factors promote political actors’ preferences for precautionary policy measures? In order to answer this question we study the case of emerging micropollutants—a water quality issue that recently entered political agendas, where many uncertainties remain about sources and effects. We rely on data gathered through a standardized survey among the political elite in Switzerland, which represents one of the first countries that adopted policy measures to reduce micropollutants in water bodies, despite the uncertainties that remain. Results analyzed through a temporal network autocorrelation model reveal that actors embedded in collaborative governance arrangements have the tendency to prefer precautionary action. Certain aspects of policy design, such as problem prioritization and target group membership, also impact the prospects for introducing the precautionary principle. 相似文献
102.
Patricia K. Kerig Rose Marie Ward Karin L. Vanderzee Melissa Arnzen Moeddel 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(9):1214-1225
This study investigated the interrelationships among trauma exposure, PTSD, and mental health problems in a sample of 289
adolescents (199 male, 90 female) detained in a juvenile correctional facility. Mean differences were found in that females
scored higher than males on measures of interpersonal trauma exposure and symptoms of both simple and complex PTSD. Females
also endorsed more mental health problems in the areas of depression/anxiety, somatic complaints, and suicidal ideation. For
all youth, trauma exposure, PTSD, and mental health problems were correlated. Results of structural equation modeling were
consistent with the hypothesis that PTSD mediates the relationship between interpersonal trauma and mental health problems
for all youth, although the results were stronger for females.
相似文献
Patricia K. KerigEmail: |
103.
104.
Jackowski C Hofmann K Schwendener N Schweitzer W Keller-Sutter M 《Forensic science international》2012,214(1-3):e16-e19
Sudden cardiac deaths are common within the community. They also constitute a substantial part of daily pathologic and forensic case work. However, macroscopic myocardial findings indicating acute ischemia are often absent. Then, diagnosis is based on coronary status in combination with indirect signs of acute cardiac failure. We present a case of sudden cardiac death where diagnosis was based on cardiac postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (pmMRI) findings already prior to autopsy: the heart's anterior basal ventricular septum showed hypointensities in T2-weighted images that raised suspicion of peracute ischemia. The lumen of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) exhibited a lack of otherwise discernible postmortem sedimentation of cellular blood components. Instead of a sharp border between serum and erythrocytes a homogeneous signal was seen within the narrowed lumen of the beginning LAD over a length of 1cm. Based on this, a thrombotic occlusion was assumed. Subsequent autopsy confirmed peracute septal myocardial ischemia secondary to a thrombotic occlusion of the LAD as concluded from the pmMRI. 相似文献
105.
Every day, judges are faced with decisions regarding intimate partner violence (IPV) victims' requests for protection orders, custody arrangements, and visitation schedules. To make informed decisions, judges must understand victims' risk for future violence. This mixed method study explores the extent to which protection order petitions (n=169) communicate victims' current danger and future risk of violence. Methods included interviews coupled with an archival review of court petitions. Findings suggest judges are inadequately prepared to render decisions to improve victim safety in the absence of standardized risk assessments. The Danger Assessment provides an evidence-based solution to routinize intake interviews with victims petitioning the court. 相似文献
106.
107.
Karin Roffman 《耶鲁评论》2017,105(2):34-54
108.
Casey Bohrman Julie Tennille Kimberly Levin Melissa Rodgers Karin Rhodes 《Journal of family violence》2017,32(7):699-709
We elucidate ways mothers think about behavior change related to heavy drinking and violent relationships. A purposive sample of 32 women, predominantly black and low income, were identified as engaging in both problem drinking on the AUDIT and experiencing severe partner violence on the Conflict Tactic Scale. Narratives from audiotaped Motivational Interviewing sessions conducted in an urban emergency department were transcribed, inductively coded and examined through the lens of feminist standpoint theory. Our analysis suggests motherhood is a powerful motivator for positive change, but multiple barriers combine to prevent self-protection and modification of adverse behaviors among this vulnerable population. Interventions to help low-income mothers dealing with relationship violence and substance abuse should also address the structural violence and substantive barriers these mothers face. Further work should examine the power of personal narratives related to being a good mother on women’s ability to improve life circumstances for themselves and their children. 相似文献
109.
Reber Ueli Fischer Manuel Ingold Karin Kienast Felix Hersperger Anna M. Grütter Rolf Benz Robin 《Policy Sciences》2022,55(2):311-335
Policy Sciences - The effective conservation and promotion of biodiversity requires its integration into a wide range of sectoral policies. For this to happen, the issue must receive attention... 相似文献
110.
The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. Key points
1. Introduction
2. What is Portfolio Margining?
Background of portfolio margin regulation for equity securities products Development of portfolio margin rules Portfolio margin computation Eligible customers Required approval and limitation on aggregate margin extended Managing margin deficiencies Day trading Risk disclosure Positions not eligible for margin treatment Issues raised by the new rules
3. Cross-marginingoverview of existing cross-margining programmes
Cross margining at the clearing leveltwo models The one-pot model Commodity Exchange Act versus Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Segregation of customer funds Clearing firm insolvency The two-pot model Cross-margining at the firm level Cross-margining accounts of market makers Cross-margining accounts of customers
4. The future: expansion of cross-margining to new products and users
Making customer cross-margining work under SIPA Deciding on a model: one-pot or two-pot? The challenge of including equities The challenge of including OTC derivatives 相似文献
- Recently adopted rules in the United States significantlyexpand the amount of credit brokerdealers can extendto active traders in equity securities and related derivatives.The new rules allow leverage based on an assessment of the riskin a client's portfolio.
- These developments may change thecompetitive landscape in two ways. First, they may impact thebusiness currently done by London-based firms by alleviatingthe regulatory disparity that currently drives significant USgenerated equity-financing business to London. Second, the newrules give US brokerdealers a competitive advantage overUS banks in regard to credit extended to US persons to purchaseand carry equity securities.
- The following article discussesthe new rules as well as legal issues that must be resolvedto assure that the full benefits of these changes can be realizedacross all equity products. These issues involve a resolutionof the differing customer-protection regimes between two
. . . [Full Text of this Article]