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331.
Norris JV Manning K Linke SJ Ferrance JP Landers JP 《Journal of forensic sciences》2007,52(4):800-805
This report focuses on the development of a method for chemically induced enhancement of cell elution and recovery from cotton swabs. The method exploits the exclusive use of detergents for intact cell removal, and can be utilized in conjunction with, or to circumvent, conventional differential extraction (DE). Samples treated with Sarkosyl (54.4 +/- 1.8%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (78.5 +/- 0.7%) yielded higher sperm cell recoveries than a conventional DE buffer (39.4 +/- 2.1%). The results indicated that the choice of detergent affected sperm cell yield, with anionic detergents having the greatest effect. Storage time of samples affected the concentration of detergent required for optimal sperm cell recovery, longer times requiring increased detergent concentrations. In addition, the extent of sperm cell lysis by proteinase K digestion was evaluated. The results indicate that the exclusive use of SDS enhances the release of sperm and epithelial cells from a cotton swab as compared with DE buffer, providing for a more effective DNA analysis. 相似文献
332.
Shane D. Johnson Wim Bernasco Kate J. Bowers Henk Elffers Jerry Ratcliffe George Rengert Michael Townsley 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2007,23(3):201-219
Using epidemiological techniques for testing disease contagion, it has recently been found that in the wake of a residential
burglary, the risk to nearby homes is temporarily elevated. This paper demonstrates the ubiquity of this phenomenon by analyzing
space–time patterns of burglary in 10 areas, located in five different countries. While the precise patterns vary, for all
areas, houses within 200 m of a burgled home were at an elevated risk of burglary for a period of at least two weeks. For
three of the five countries, differences in these patterns may partly be explained by simple differences in target density.
The findings inform theories of crime concentration and offender targeting strategies, and have implications for crime forecasting
and crime reduction more generally.
相似文献
Shane D. JohnsonEmail: |
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Milkoreit Manjana Haapala Kate 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2019,19(1):89-106
International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics - The pledge-and-review architecture of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change has been praised as a new model of global... 相似文献
335.
Dozens of countries have decentralized at least part of their natural resource policies over the last two decades. Despite the length of time that these policy experiments have been in force, there is little agreement about their effectiveness. We argue that part of this ambivalence stems from three limitations of extant studies, suggesting that future studies of decentralized natural resource governance should consider a combination of 1) variation in the local institutional context, 2) the fit between the reform and other public policies, and 3) more adequate outcome measures for decentralized resource governance. After developing such an approach, we posit that varying forest conditions depend on the moderating effects that local institutions have on the socioeconomic and biophysical drivers of environmental change. Analyzing data from interviews and remotely sensed images from 30 municipalities in the Bolivian lowlands, we find that the local institutional performance affects unauthorized deforestation directly and indirectly, but detect no effects on either permitted or total deforestation. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. 相似文献
336.
Changes in government policy over the last two decades have seen the traditional goals of criminal justice, namely prosecution
and punishment, being replaced by an emphasis on prevention, fear reduction, security and harm reduction. During this time
domestic abuse has gained a place on the political agenda, which has resulted in legislative initiatives in the form of civil
protection orders across the U.K. which primarily focus on prevention but have also more recently begun to rely on the traditional
criminal justice responses should they fail to prevent further abuse. Drawing on international evaluations and a recent study
conducted in Scotland (the Scottish study), the article examines whether legislation in the form of civil protection orders
has the effect of curtailing the actions of abusers and if not, what occurs when the traditional criminal justice response
comes into play. The strengths of civil protection orders and some explanations for the weaknesses of these orders are considered
alongside the question of whether there is any value in women continuing to engage with the law in response to domestic abuse.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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The current study takes a consumer perspective to examine the impact of legal and mental health systems on couples who are experiencing problems with domestic violence. Unfortunately, their thoughts and wishes are rarely considered when planning for change in their lives. The study asks couples what they think happens to cause abusive episodes, what happens to them when someone finds out about the abuse, and what their thoughts are about the interventions they receive. The specific interventions in this study were a pro-arrest policy and solution-focused brief therapy. 相似文献
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