排序方式: 共有40条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Commercial exchange relationships and the “negotiator's dilemma” 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Patrick J. Kaufmann 《Negotiation Journal》1987,3(1):73-80
22.
23.
Most research has conceptualized red tape as being a pathological subset of organizational formalization. This article argues that focusing on a single dimension of organizational structure as a red tape driver is unrealistically narrow. Specifically, the article advances hypotheses as to how organizational centralization and hierarchy affect perceived red tape, in addition to formalization. This reasoning is tested using survey data from employees of three local government organizations in the southeastern United States. All three hypotheses are supported: higher levels of organizational formalization, centralization, and hierarchy are associated with more red tape. Open‐ended comments also indicate that red tape is not solely perceived as related to formalization. The findings imply that red tape is a multifaceted perception of organizational structure rather than perceived pathological formalization. 相似文献
24.
25.
Ehud Eiran Chaim Kaufmann Gilead Sher Ian Lustick Jonathan Greenberg 《Negotiation Journal》2005,21(2):193-207
There is a danger inherent in devoting a panel to a discussion of the political aspects of the Israeli settlements issue: in attempting to discuss everything, we could have ended up talking about nothing because many practitioners and scholars view the settlements as primarily a political project. The multidisciplinary nature of this conference reflected our belief that the settlement issue is deeper and wider than "simply politics." Yet, we were not free from the challenge of focusing a panel on the political aspects of the settlements in a way that makes a real contribution. 相似文献
26.
The contrat première embauche (CPE—first hiringcontract) and the contract nouvelles embauches (CNE—contractfor new hiring), ie two new types of contract for permanentor open-ended employment, were introduced in France in 2005.Both contain specific provisions on dismissal protection andtrial periods which amount to the abrogation of the ordinarystatutory protection against dismissal. In the aftermath, Francewas hit by a wave of protests, especially on the part of theyounger generation, since the CPE legislation above all concernedthis group. Consequently, the CPE was revoked in 2006. The CNE,however, remains in force and the otherwise relevant dismissalprotection rules do not apply to it for a period of two years. The CNE is not only an additional model for the many forms ofemployment contract. It provides a new type of labour contractand is aimed at combating unemployment and achieving permanentemployment. This paper examines how the new types of employment contractaffect traditional dismissal protection law. In particular,recent court decisions concerning the CNE legislation are presentedin detail. 相似文献
27.
David Kaufmann 《Public administration review》2019,79(3):443-446
Irregular migrants tend to live in dense urban settings. Cities respond to this phenomenon with a variety of urban immigration and citizenship policies in support of irregular migrants. These urban policies produce a disparity between local inclusion and national exclusion. This article describes and compares such urban policies, namely, urban citizenship, sanctuary cities, local bureaucratic membership, and regularizations. Urban citizenship serves as the normative foundation of these policies because it claims membership for all people who inhabit a city. Regularization programs confer national residency status on irregular migrants. Pro‐immigration actors favor this policy; however, when regularizations are not possible, cities can turn to sanctuary city and local bureaucratic membership policies. It is important for practitioners to comprehend and engage with these types of urban policies since they are likely to travel to cities worldwide. 相似文献
28.
Philip Cooke Dan Kaufmann Chen Levin Rob Wilson 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2006,31(1):115-129
This research derives from an EU DG Enterprise (IPS Programme) project on bio-incubation, called Bio-Link. The Bio-Link project
is innovative in three ways. First, it involves an international comparative analysis of biotechnology incubators of the kind
that is rarely if ever done. Second, the incubator representatives are monitored and investigated by an academic partnership
team. Third, there is a stated aspiration by the incubator companies to engage in co-incubation across borders. Co-incubation
is, as far as we are aware, a new kind of boundary crossing innovation in which advanced start-up businesses are assisted
to enter other national markets and/or benefit from specialised services or scientific, technological, or commercial knowledge
absent in the home country but present in a partner country. Evidence from research on European, Israeli and North American
bioincubators is included to compare, contrast and enable future judgements of incubator appropriateness to biotechnology. 相似文献
29.
SMEs in Regional Innovation Systems and The Role of Innovation Support--The Case of Upper Austria 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In the past large firms were regarded as the main driving forces for innovation, but, more recently, the interest has shifted to SMEs as well as networks of firms. It has been recognized that SMEs innovate in a specific way and that they face size-specific barriers. To be able to rely on innovation partners and to be involved in regional or national innovation systems seems to be of critical importance for SMEs. This paper presents the empirical results of a firm survey in Upper Austria, a region with a long industrial tradition in Austria, investigating the extent to which SMEs are actually engaged in innovation networks and the role of public innovation support in this context. The findings show that SMEs which have received innovation support are more successful innovators than those which have not, and that innovation cooperations are rather rare. Most external relations are with other firms and within the region, very few with knowledge providers from science and technology. At present, innovation support instruments do not sufficiently target the deficits of non-innovative SMEs and the problems in linking up with innovation networks and broadening firms' relations beyond the region. 相似文献
30.
Chaim Kaufmann 《安全研究》2013,22(1):178-207
Through an analysis of eight recent books and a number of articles and papers, this article evaluates recent progress in the study of ethnic conflict, including large scale conflicts and episodic riots. Four main approaches have been applied to the study of ethnic conflict: rational choice, constructivism, essentialism, and structuralism (or realism). This evaluation of recent work includes that rational choice has been the least successful of the approaches; its focus on individuals' pursuit of (mainly) material benefits makes it difficult to recognize or to admit the explanatory power of nationalist feelings that do not depend on the prospect of material benefits. Constructivism has been the most influential approach over the past few decades but until recently has suffered from methodological weaknesses that have hindered testing. Essentialism has been out favor for as long as constructivism has been in, but recent methodological improvements have produced strong work that has resurrected this approach. Structuralism is the youngest approach; it is still immature but has already yielded important new insights. Some eclectic approaches are emerging that combine strengths of the latter three approaches; it remains to be seen whether comparable eclecticism will combine rational choice with one or more of the others.
Daniel L. Byman, Keeping the Peace: Lasting Solutions to Ethnic Conflicts (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002). Donald L. Horowitz, The Deadly Ethnic Riot(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001). Stuart J. Kaufman, Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001). Roger D. Petersen, Understanding Ethnic Violence: Fear, Hatred, and Resentment in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). Monica Duffy Toft, The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003). Ashutosh Varshney, Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002). Barbara F. Walter, Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001). Steven I. Wilkinson, Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004). 相似文献