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11.
行政立法公众参与研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在西方法治国家,公众参与在行政立法中发挥了重要作用。在我国,行政立法公众参与程度普遍过低,行政民主化进程受到制约,强调公众参与在行政立法中的积极作用,通过制度改革确保公众参与行政立法,实现行政立法民主化。 相似文献
12.
提高农业竞争力实现可持续发展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
实现农业可持续发展,必须着力提高农业竞争力。本文简要分析了当前制约农村经济发展的主要因素,提出促进五大转变、把握六大环节、建设七大体系的发展思路与综合对策。 相似文献
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14.
Steven L. Burg 《Negotiation Journal》2007,23(1):7-33
This article examines the impact of nongovernmental organization-sponsored contact and communication on fostering peaceful solutions to ethnic conflict via case studies of the activities of the Project on Ethnic Relations (PER) in Romania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Serbia. It explores five operational principles that guide PER activity: creating credible, neutral forums for dialogue; maintaining momentum; working within political realities; encouraging indigenous solutions from within existing processes; and acting with the backing of powerful states. These principles explain PER's success as a "weak mediator" of ethnic conflicts. According to this analysis, PER also exhibits organizational characteristics that contribute to success, including nonpartisanship, area expertise and extensive networks of local contacts, and an ability to secure the trust of local actors.
A significant indicator of the success of PER activities is the establishment by conflicting parties of institutionalized mechanisms for addressing their differences. Contrary to the view that electoral competition contributes to conflict, this study finds that the possibility of achieving an electoral advantage by participating cooperatively in conflict resolution activities creates incentives for local actors to recognize opportunities offered by PER activities and leads local actors to heed PER's advice. Finally, the article offers a cautionary observation. While PER's perceived influence with major international actors may contribute to its local successes, once a state actor with the power to impose a solution has committed itself to ending a conflict, its preferences outweigh any local interests in determining the outcome and renders the efforts of a "weak mediator" such as PER irrelevant. 相似文献
A significant indicator of the success of PER activities is the establishment by conflicting parties of institutionalized mechanisms for addressing their differences. Contrary to the view that electoral competition contributes to conflict, this study finds that the possibility of achieving an electoral advantage by participating cooperatively in conflict resolution activities creates incentives for local actors to recognize opportunities offered by PER activities and leads local actors to heed PER's advice. Finally, the article offers a cautionary observation. While PER's perceived influence with major international actors may contribute to its local successes, once a state actor with the power to impose a solution has committed itself to ending a conflict, its preferences outweigh any local interests in determining the outcome and renders the efforts of a "weak mediator" such as PER irrelevant. 相似文献
15.
联合国维持和平行动已经过近60年的风雨洗礼,后冷战时期的维和实践呈现出许多新的特点,然而却面临着财政困窘、立法缺位、预防性部署、传统规则濒临消解等重重困境。本文力图寻求财政解困途径,提出立法规制建议,全新解读传统规则,从而探究维和行动未来发展的出路。 相似文献
16.
This study probes the interconnections among distrust of government, the historical context, and public support for the death penalty in the United States with survey data for area-identified samples of white and black respondents. Multilevel statistical analyses indicate contrary effects of government distrust on support for the death penalty for blacks and whites, fostering death penalty support among whites and diminishing it among blacks. In addition, we find that the presence of a "vigilante tradition," as indicated by a history of lynching, promotes death penalty support among whites but not blacks. Finally, contrary to Zimring's argument in The Contradictions of Capital Punishment , we find no evidence that vigilantism moderates the influence of government distrust on support for the death penalty, for either whites or blacks. Our analyses highlight the continuing influence of historical context as well as contemporary conditions in the formation of public attitudes toward criminal punishment, and they underscore the importance of attending to racial differences in the analysis of punitive attitudes. 相似文献
17.
美国幅员辽阔,地处世界自然灾害三大频发地带之一的太平洋沿岸,历史上多次遭受地震、飓风、龙卷风等自然灾害的侵袭。同时,作为经济与技术发展迅速、社会矛盾错综复杂的发达资本主义国家,美国的人为灾难与技术事故也时有发生。回溯历史,在处理各种自然、人为与技术突发事件的过程中,美国不断地调整应急管理的理念,完善应急管理的体制。 相似文献
18.
美国证券规章制定的监督包括立法监督、司法监督、行政监督和非正式监督,各种监督构成一个完整的体系。其监督过程是一个由过程到结果的监督,是监督主体对其程序和实体合法性进行全方位的监督。相对于美国证券制定的监督体系,我国尚存在很多需要完善的地方。有必要借鉴美国经验,完善我国证券规章制定的监督制度。 相似文献
19.
In China, the necessity for legislation on recycling economy (RE) first lies in the difference in the conceptions applied
to define it. Three schools in theory are prevailing at present: affirmative, negative, and replaceable. The paper insists
that RE is of unique implication for China. A practical need for legislation exists; however, those rational parts in both
negative and replaceable schools should be given full consideration. The necessity for RE legislation rests not only upon
requirements for social and economic development but also upon economic globalization and the internalization of environmental
protection. China’s RE legislation should learn from foreign countries, meet actual needs of the country, make sure to coordinate
with clean production law, and make recommendations and options for legislative modes, principles, and systems.
This paper is on the basis of Zhou Ke, Cao Jianqun, ”Necessity for Legislation on China’s Recycling Economy and Regulatory
Framework Analysis”, Xinhua Digest (half monthly), Vol. 11, 2005(in Chinese) 相似文献
20.