Interreligious conflict in Israel: The group basis of conflicting visions

Utilizing several theories of sociocultural mobilization, this paper examines the contours of secular-religious conflict in contemporary Israel. According to a survey of adult Israelis, resistance to religious coercion among the secular population is driven primarily by symbolic, social, and cognitive forces rather than perceived discrimination or the threat posed by spatial proximity to the religious. As such, it is rooted in cultural identity. The theocratic disposition among religious Israelis is almost entirely a matter of social identification. These findings both confirm existing theories of intergroup conflict and suggest a framework for analyzing religion and state controversies in other polities.     

Analyzing linked systems of negotiations

This article presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the structure and dynamics of what the authors call linked systems of negotiations. Even such seemingly straightforward transactions as the purchase of a family car tend to involve linked negotiations. The framework highlights the importance of internegotiation processes in shaping Zones of Possible Agreement, and proposes a typology of linkage. By mapping out and reengineering linked systems, negotiators can enhance their ability to shape the structure within which their negotiations take place.     

Working with intergovernmental agreements – the Canadian and Australian experience

Abstract. Intergovernmental agreements represent one of the most significant yet least known or understood elements in the transformation of the Westminster system of government in the fédérations of Canada and Australia. They have come into being for a variety of reasons and to serve many purposes but their proliferation has been gradual, constant and silent. The central problem is the question of who is to be held accountable for the création and implementation of these agreements, to whom, and in what manner. For die most part such agreements are designed away from public scrutiny by the executive and implemented for fixed periods of time by methods which escape any searching analysis or debate in municipal, provincial, or national parliaments. Public servants are intimately involved in this process. This paper examines the reasons why intergovernmental agreements come into being, their nature and purpose, and the problems they have caused in the two countries. A number of solutions are suggested to overcome these problems before the situation becomes completely out of control. Sommaire. Les accords intergouvernementaux représentent l'un des elements les plus importants, et pourtant l'un des moins connus, de la transformation du systeme Westminster de gouvernement dans les fédérations du Canada et de l'Australie. Leurs raisons d'etre et leurs objectifs sont multiples mais leur proliferation, toujours progressive et constante, a été passée sous silence. Le principal probléme est de savoir qui détient la responsabilité de la création et de la mise en oeuvre de ces accords, a qui et comment il faut en rendre compte. lis sont, pour la plupart, concus par I'exeeutif, loin du public et mis en vigueur pour des périodes de temps définies, en se servant de méthodes qui les dérobent a l'analyse et aux débats des parlements municipaux, provinciaux ou nationaux. Les fonctionnaires participent de très près à ce processus. L'auteur de cette communication examine les raisons d'etre de ces accords intergouvernementaux, leur nature et leur but, ainsi que les problèmes qu'ils ont causes dans les deux pays. II propose un certain nombre de solutions pour surmonter ces derniers avant qu'il n'existe plus aucun moyen de reprendre la situation en main.     

Fuller on legal fictions

What are legal fictions? Professor Lon Fuller discussed the matter at some length. One interpretation of his answer is this: they are lies that are not intended to deceive. This solution fails, in the end, to be convincing. But some remarks of Fuller provide the clue to another way of looking at the problem: fictions are means of changing the application of the law by relying on a tension between two classifications of fact.     

Book reviews

A. L. Meiendorf, Optimizatsiya khozyaistvennykh reshenii: metod analiza prirashchenii. Series: Aktual'nye problemy sel'skogo khozyaistva. Moscow: ‘Ekonomika’, 1976.

Oliver H. Radkey, The Unknown Civil War in Soviet Russia. A Study of the Green Movement in the Tambov Region, 1920–21. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution, 1976. xiv+457 pp. $12.95.

Roy and Zhores Medvedev, Khrushchev—The Years in Power. London: OUP, 1977. xi+198 pp. £3.95.

Daniel F. Calhoun, The United Front: the TUC and the Russians, 1923–1928. Cambridge: CUP, 1976. 450 pp. £10.50.

Gabriel Gorodetsky, The Precarious Truce. Anglo‐Soviet Relations 1924–27. Cambridge: CUP, 1977. 289 pp. £9.00.

Herbert S. Dinerstein, The Making of a Missile Crisis: October 1962. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins UP, 1976. 302 pp. $14.95.

Donald R. Kelley, Kenneth R. Stunkel, Richard R. Wescott, The Economic Superpowers and the Environment: The United States, The Soviet Union, and Japan. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman & Co., 1976. 335 pp.

Fred Singleton (ed.), Environmental Misuse in the Soviet Union. New York and London: Praeger Publishers, 1976. xvii+103 pp. $13.50. £8.80.

Peter H. Juviler, Revolutionary Law and Order. Politics and Social Change in the USSR. New York: The Free Press, and London: Collier MacMillan, 1976. xii+274 pp. £11.05.

Richard Szawlowski, The System of the International Organizations of the Communist Countries. Leyden: A. W. Sijthoff, 1976. 322 pp.

Jürg Meister, Soviet Warships of the Second World War. London: Macdonald & Jane, 1977. 348 pp. £7.95.     

Efficacy, Self-Derogation, and Alcohol Use Among Inner-City Adolescents: Gender Matters

Prior studies have found inconsistent relationships between measures of self-concept and adolescent alcohol use. The current study explored whether the link between various measures of self-concept and alcohol use depends on gender. In addition, earlier work suggested a focus on negative self-esteem (i.e., self-derogation) might be more useful in predicting alcohol use. Students (N = 1459) attending 22 middle and junior high schools in New York City completed surveys that included measures of efficacy, self-derogation, and alcohol use. Participants completed surveys at baseline, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up. Data collectors administered the questionnaire following a standardized protocol during a regular 40-min-class period. On the basis of a longitudinal structural equation model, lower efficacy was related to greater self-derogation a year later across gender. Increased self-derogation predicted higher alcohol use for girls but not boys. These findings are congruent with a literature highlighting the importance of negative thoughts about the self in drinking behavior for women but not men. The results suggest that the alcohol prevention approaches should include material to enhance girls' self-esteem.     

试论公安高校心理学课程体系建设

心理学是公安高校课程体系的组成部分之一,其担负着向学生传授心理学基础知识和提高未来警察心理素质的重任。本文从分析目前国内公安高校心理学课程设置的情况入手,介绍心理学课程改革的新动态,并提出我国公安高校心理学课程改革的最佳模式——课程体系建设。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sheldon S. Wolin:</Emphasis> Tocqueville between two worlds: The making of a political and theoretical life

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Sheldon S. Wolin: Tocqueville between two worlds: The making of a political and theoretical life Princeton/Oxford: Princeton University Press 2001, 650 S., $ 24,95