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Kevin N. Wright 《Journal of criminal justice》1981,9(3):209-218
A pervasive interest in the creation of a monolithic system for the administration of justice which is characterized by the lack of fragmentation and goal conflict is found throughout the criminal justice literature. This paper questions the basis and desirability of such a proposal. It is argued that criminal justice exists in a sociopolitical environment in which diverse groups exercise influence in accordance with their own interests. For this reason, it is highly unlikely that a single set of values could be identified upon which to base a monolithic system. It is further argued that goal conflict within criminal justice is desirable in that different interests can be reflected, there is a basis for system adaptation and change, and the system can better promote the smooth processing of offenders. 相似文献
837.
Kevin T. Jackson 《Law and Philosophy》1993,12(2):157-192
This article asks whether a “law-as-integrity” approach to human rights adjudication provides a theoretical framework within
which to make sense of authoritative regional interpretations of basic human rights for the global community. To focus analysis,
I consider U.S. court interpretations of international human rights as an interpretive context. I argue that, with appropriate
modification so as to include the world community as a “community of principle” for purposes of human rights adjudication,
the law-as-integrity perspective permits disputes surrounding the legality of human rights to revolve around competing interpretive
claims backed up by justifying legal theories, rather than as ideological battles external to a juridical philosophy of rights. 相似文献
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Ian Marsh 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》1985,44(3):197-223
Abstract: The assets test episode provides a case study in the difficulties modern governments face when confronted by numerous and powerful interest groups. The assets test decision was made somewhat hastily and without extensive consultation, resulting in a major outcry from interest groups. The government reacted by setting in train a process of “consultation” and subsequently announced a series of concessions. Opposition continued and further modifications were made to the scheme, reducing considerably its impact and the proposed savings. Several lessons can be drawn. Governments must attempt to consult affected interests seriously in the process of formulating proposals and, if necessary, mobilise countervailing interests against a dominant coalition. Joint discussions can help to moderate sharp differences. The private, bureaucratic worlds of policy making, particularly in the budget cycle, must be opened up. Fundamental changes to the “culture” of policy making may be necessary, in particular greater efforts to encourage bipartisanship and to use Parliament constructively, if expenditure control and program reconstruction are to be achieved. 相似文献