Constitutional Rights and Social Welfare: A Comment on the Canadian Chaoulli Health Care Decision

Chaoulli v Quebec (A.G . ) may be the most controversial Supreme Court of Canada decision to date. The Court used social science evidence of foreign health care systems to justify its finding that a provincial ban on private health care insurance unjustifiably violated the right to security of the person. The decision could lead to fundamental structural changes in the way Canadian provinces deliver health care services. Given the importance of Charter jurisprudence in the United Kingdom, and recent debate about the wisdom of incorporating social rights, the case raises a number of pertinent issues for British lawyers. This comment advances two general arguments. First, that the case was wrongly decided because of its poor characterisation of the legislative objective of the ban, unprincipled approach to judicial deference, and poor treatment of expert and social science evidence. Second, far from justifying suspicion of constitutional social rights, the case illustrates precisely why such rights can make a positive difference.     

风险预防原则与食品添加剂准入裁量——以面粉增白剂去留之争为例

世界范围内,在风险规制领域争议纷呈而较为通行的风险预防原则,并未明确表达在《食品安全法》关于食品添加剂准入标准的规定之中.而食品添加剂准入裁量的实践,如过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化钙(俗称“面粉增白剂”)的撤销决策,尽管没有按照风险预防原则的话语阐述其理由,却暗合该原则的要求.且唯有从风险预防原则出发,才能为此撤销决策理由提供正当性基础.进而,食品添加剂准入裁量的“技术必要”标准和“安全可靠”标准的意义及其相互关系,应予重述,注入风险预防原则的精髓,以利于确立恰当的食品添加剂准入裁量之规范框架.     

Effects of Motivational Enhancement on Immediate Outcomes of Batterer Intervention

This article presents results of a quasi-experimental trial of a 6 week motivation enhancing intervention for batterers highly resistant to intervention. One hundred and forty one (29%) highly resistant batterers were identified from a consecutive sample of 486 men referred to a large batterer intervention program. Resistant batterers attended either standard intervention (16 weeks) or a specialized 6 week motivation enhancing group followed by 10 weeks of standard intervention. Observation of counselor behaviors confirmed significant differences in rates of confrontation across groups. Analyses of immediate program outcomes provide some support for the value of motivation enhancing intervention. Resistant batterers who attended specialized intervention completed intervention at a significantly higher rate (84.2%) than both resistant clients in standard intervention (46.5%) and non-resistant clients (61.1%). Differences were maintained even after controlling for demographic and lifestyle related predictors of attrition. Advantages of specialized intervention did not extend to counselor-rated success at meeting core treatment goals. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results for the use of motivation enhancing intervention strategies to improve attendance at batterer intervention programs.     

胡锦涛同志建设学习型政党的贡献及启示

胡锦涛同志高度重视全党的学习,为把我们党建设成为学习型政党,进行了艰辛的探索,做出了突出贡献.在理论方面,他从学习意义、学习内容、学习方法、学习态度四个层面,形成了建设学习型政党的思想.在实践上,他建立集体学习制度、拓展学习阵地、开展先进性教育活动、加强干部培训工作和推进学习型党组织建设,把建设学习型政党落到实处.总结胡锦涛同志建设学习型政党对党的建设的理论与实践贡献,对于新形势下把我们党建设成为马克思主义学习型执政党具有重要意义.     

初任培训的探索与实践

根据建设高素质公职人员队伍的需要．甘井子区委党校在对选招生的初任培训工作中，以科学人才观为指导，以创新思维引领培训，以务实措施保障培训，增强了初任培训的针对性和时效性．使选招生在“1＋5＋1＋5”培训期间，从态度、知识、能力、技能诸多方面得到了较快的转变和提升．为尽快实现“三个转变”，适应新环境、融入新团队、有效开展新工作奠定了基础。初任培训的新思路和有效措施对基层党校的初任培训工作具有普遍的实践意义。     

贵州少数民族图案在包装设计中的价值

贵州少数民族图案蕴含着许多丰富的形态及文化内涵,目前,国内外对贵州少数民族图案的开发及研究很少,将其与现代艺术及技术手段相结合,以形成具有贵州少数民族特色和风格的旅游商品包装设计,能促进本地区旅游商品经济朝着更好的方向发展。     

Another Thought on the Causes and Paths of Disputes and Resolutions

纠纷解决方能维护社会秩序之安定,而纠纷原因之探究则为纠纷解决研究之起点.基于对当代中国建构纠纷解决机制的宏观认知,尽管纠纷的发生往往与利益有关,立足于法律的视角,虽属于权利义务的现实分配之纷争,但从更深层次的意义来看,这种纷争或许与当事人之间的信息不对称存在着千丝万缕的联系.因而,重建当事人之间的信赖关系应是彻底解决纠纷、恢复当事人之间私法秩序的重要基础.     

全球化时代爱国主义的理性反思

随着全球化时代的到来,民族意义上的国家意识逐渐淡化.民族主义也因其天然的排他性和对抗性丧失了其作为国家认同的唯一源泉.然而,民族国家作为当今世界格局基本政治单元的组织形式,仍具有不可取代的合法性和现实性,因此实现超越国家的宪法爱国主义就难逃乌托邦的宿命.理性的爱国主义建构应该是基于本民族符号系统诠释的基本价值观念,并以此为路向形成凝聚公民向心力的政治文化,只有这样才能实现民族主义和制度认同的有机融合.