Americanising Brexit Britain's Welfare State?

Will the British welfare state revert to an Americanisation trajectory or retain features of the European model after April 2019? After a period of historically prolonged austerity and substantial working age welfare reform, with the UK facing yet another renegotiation of the social contract in a post‐Brexit world, the question of whether there remains space for an alternative to the ‘American’ model is of crucial importance. We argue that there has been a blurring of differences across the American and European welfare states in terms of working age benefits, as most countries have adopted aspects of work‐based conditionality reforms, which attach the receipt of benefits to the active pursuit of work and, to varying extents, the underlying politics of US welfare reform, where there are large coalitions supportive of more punitive policies towards low‐income adults and minorities. These trends are taking place against the backdrop of a second major shift: increasing restrictions on benefits for immigrants. This double narrowing of the welfare state, making benefits conditional for citizens and excluding those who are not citizens, seemingly sets the agenda for a more restrictive post‐Brexit welfare state. The experience of the last two decades suggests, however, that the adoption of the American model has not been wholesale; steering a middle path between punitive conditional American benefits and more traditionally generous universal benefits is on the agenda across advanced welfare states.     

多法域视野下的建筑节能路径探析

针对目前我国建筑节能调整机制单一，片面依赖行政强制调整机制的现状，提出构建我国在公、私法二元化视野下的多法域调整机制，并建议通过建筑节能法、行政法和私法序列的物权法、合同法整合国内外先进的法律制度和政策组合，形成我国推进建筑节能的法制体系。     

社会与政府间人事流动的挤压与吸纳效应

借用物理学中“连通器原理” ,我们认为社会与政府之间的人事流动存在一种吸纳和挤压效应。在这两种效应作用下 ,同时由于社会与政府之间人事流动控制阀门的软化和人事流动通道的不畅 ,我国历次政府机构改革出现反复而且社会与政府人事管理发生诸多危机。据此 ,可以探讨通过缓解社会的挤压效应、弱化政府的吸纳效应、强化人事流动控制阀门的调控机能、建立顺畅的人事流动通道等途径以解决此课题。     

减少关押看管：社区矫正的贡献

关押已经宣告为有罪或者正在等待审判的人员,是一个具有理论与实践价值的问题。本研究表明在一个关押率低的州,保释金支持项目能够分配到足够的资源,并以一种高姿态对待那些主要的决定者,这说明在司法系统审讯前和宣判阶段,对社区矫正的投资能够降低关押的财政和社会成本,社区矫正项目同时还有能力提升犯罪司法系统的有效性。但是,一些政治性因素,诸如“严厉打击犯罪”舆论的普及,将会限制澳大利亚人在自己的权限范围内采用社区为本的矫正方案。     

对立统一与社会和谐——从矛盾斗争的视角看和谐社会的构建

什么是真正的和谐?和谐是否就意味着回避矛盾、放弃斗争?本文运用马克思主义唯物辩证法的基本规律,解读了和谐与斗争哲学的对立统一关系。     

坚定信念不动摇——赵尚志党内两次蒙冤真相

２００２年２月１２日是著名民族英雄赵尚志壮烈殉国６０周年。在风雨如舟的旧中国，他是迎着时代暴风雨的拓荒者；是勇立潮头的弄潮儿。在白色恐怖下还未满１７岁，就于１９２５年秘密加入中国共产党。成为东北地区早期党员之一。一生革命，身经百战，终为革命献出生命，时年未满３４岁。他的名字被庄严地写进党中央的文件“八一宣言”，又受到毛泽东主席亲口表扬，这是何等殊荣。但他的职业革命１７年中也历经坎坷，不仅在监狱中度过三年半的铁窗岁月，还曾两次被错误开除党籍。本文记述赵尚志两次被开除党籍，又两次被平反昭雪的来龙去脉…     

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

Maceration techniques employed in forensics must be effective without compromising the bone's integrity and morphology, and prevent destruction of evidence. Techniques must also be fast, safe, easily obtainable and inexpensive; not all techniques currently employed are appropriate for forensic use. To evaluate the most suitable approach, seven techniques including current and new methodologies were applied to fresh, fleshed porcine ribs exhibiting cut marks. A sample size of 30 specimens per technique was examined under scanning electron microscopy at the cut mark and the surrounding uncompromised regions; a scoring system of effectiveness was applied. The previously unpublished microwave method fared best for bone and cut mark preservation. Sodium hypochlorite destroyed cut marks, and was deemed unsuitable for forensic analysis. No single technique fulfilled all criteria; however, this study provides a benchmark for forensic anthropologists to select the most appropriate method for their situation, while maintaining the high standards required by forensic science.