奥巴马政府"巧实力"外交政策评析

奥巴马政府就职后逐步实施了巧实力外交政策。巧实力外交政策既是出于对布什政府饱受争议的外交政策的反思,也是基于美国国内状况和国际局势的综合考量。从目前情况看,修补布什政府时期的外交创伤、提升美国软实力、倚重多边主义,在自身实力相对下降的背景下维持美国霸权地位成为奥巴马政府巧实力外交政策的主要内容。巧实力外交政策对中美关系也产生了重要影响。     

新中国外交60年:实践特点和理念演变

60年的新中国外交实践在捍卫和扩展国家利益、顺应时代潮流和伸张国际正义、积聚和善用国家软实力、转变外交模式等方面形成了鲜明的中国特色,新中国的外交理念也在历史进程中形成了与时俱进的世界观、时代观、利益观、和平观、统筹观等。中国外交的丰富实践和先进理念相辅相成,正在为中国继续发展为世界强国奠定基础。在今后40年(即共和国百年庆典时)的历史进程中,中国外交将在构建和巩固新的国际多极格局和国际体系、推动亚洲共同体建设、引领战略思维、承担大国责任、预见世界变化和提升实践艺术等方面发挥更加重要和富有成效的作用。     

Preventing suicide in prisons, part II. International comparisons of suicide prevention services in correctional facilities

The International Association for Suicide Prevention created a Task Force on Suicide in Prisons to better disseminate the information in this domain. One of its objectives was to summarize suicide-prevention activities in the prison systems. This study of the Task Force uncovered many differences between countries, although mental health professionals remain central in all suicide prevention activities. Inmate peer-support and correctional officers also play critical roles in suicide prevention but there is great variation in the involvement of outside community workers. These differences could be explained by the availability of resources, by the structure of the correctional and community services, but mainly by the different paradigms about suicide prevention. While there is a common and traditional paradigm that suicide prevention services are mainly offered to individuals by mental health services, correctional systems differ in the way they include (or not) other partners of suicide prevention: correctional officers, other employees, peer inmates, chaplains/priests, and community workers. Circumstances, history, and national cultures may explain such diversity but they might also depend on the basic way we think about suicide prevention at both individual and environmental levels.     

Does One Size Fit All? Ethnic Differences in Parenting Behaviors and Motivations for Adolescent Engagement in Cyberbullying

Cyberbullying has become a growing concern for adolescents. This study examined differences in cyber-aggression for 518 Canadian adolescents of either East Asian or European descent (61 % female; M age = 15.24; SD = 1.68). Associations between parenting behaviors (parental control, parental solicitation, and child disclosure) and engagement in cyber-aggression, as well as motivations for engaging in cyber-aggression were explored. Adolescents completed self-report questionnaires about their engagement in cyberbullying, perceptions of their parents’ behaviors about their online activities, their motivations for cyberbullying (reactive vs. proactive), as well as several other relevant psychosocial and demographic variables (e.g., sex, age, Canadian born, mother’s education level, using a computer in a private place, and average amount of time spent online). Regression analyses showed that East Asian adolescents were less likely to engage in cyberbullying. In addition, higher levels of parental control and lower levels of parental solicitation were linked more closely with lowered reported levels of cyber-aggression for East Asian adolescents relative to their peers of European descent. In addition, East Asian adolescents were more likely to be motivated to engage in cyber-aggression for proactive reasons than reactive reasons, with the opposite found for adolescents of European descent. A significant 3-way interaction suggested that this pattern was more pronounced for East Asian males relative to East Asian females. Findings are discussed in terms of cultural differences based on the doctrines of Confucianism and Taoism.     

陕西检察研究和检察改革情况报告

一、检察研究的总体情况 (一)领导重视,营造良好氛围 一是精心组织.2003年、2006年,两次发文对全省检察理论研究和调研工作进行部署和指导.全省各级院普遍加强对调研工作的领导.如西安、宝鸡、咸阳、汉中、渭南等市院坚持实行领导负责制,大力推行目标责任制,从而把"软任务"变成了"硬指标";宝鸡市两级院还成立了调研工作领导小组,12个县区院中,有9个院检察长亲任组长主抓调研工作.二是率先垂范.许多院领导亲自写文章.