有效政府与中国政治发展

有效政府代替有限政府来作为中国政府建设的目标,是西方新公共管理运动在中国学术界的反映,是市场经济深入发展和我国现代化初级阶段决定的。有效政府在中国政治发展进程中发挥着资源汲取、秩序供给、政治整合和政治容纳功能。有效政府建设要求提高中国共产党执政能力,提高政治录用的水平和政府自主性,培育成熟的公民社会。     

十年来北京文化经济政策的演变

20世纪90年代以来,北京市为促进文化事业和文化(创意)产业发展先后制定出台以文养文和鼓励性、引导性文化经济政策.北京文化经济政策侧重拓展资金投入渠道,增加生产性投入,减轻文化单位税负,建立金融支持和生产服务体系.在推动文化经济融合发展的历史进程中,北京文化经济政策从行业、体制内部的以文养文,逐步过渡和深化到自觉地实行鼓励性政策、主动地实行引导性政策,显示政府更加成熟和自信地运用经济杠杆加强文化经济宏观调控,培育文化市场主体,创造良好发展环境.本文在分析北京文化经济政策内容和特点的基础上提出,政策制定要正视民生倾向、把握变迁特征、确立开放意识,并建议加强文化经济规律研究,重视改善文化投入方式,创建社区文化建设基金,设立文化(创意)产业投资基金,启动文化经济立法,加强国有文化资产监管.     

Community service: its use in criminal justice

Community service has been perceived as a desirable alternative to the use of short-term imprisonment as a response to increasing crime rates. Although heavily used in Western Europe and the Old Commonwealth, its adoption in the United States has been localized and patchy. Use in Asia, South America, and Africa is limited. This article reviews the use of community service in selected countries around the world. It concludes that community service can be used as a pretrial diversion, as a condition of probation or parole, or as an option to work off a fine by an impoverished offender. Very often, it is itself a stand-alone sentence, but it can also be used in addition to other sentences. Some countries give community service a secure place in the sentencing tariff, whether as retributively oriented "hard end" penalties or as rehabilitative and/or restorative endeavors. Others leave usage, within broad qualification criteria, to the discretion of sentencers.     

探究《物权法》与物权习惯法的融合点

物权交易的规则可以扩大理解为制定法和习惯法。习惯法中的物权公示的形式及变动的规则符合我国物权法的物权法定原则。甘南藏族自治州物权习惯法表明了当代中国物权习惯法的客观存在,应当充分认识这一习惯法的功效,总结其社会价值和对甘南地区经济社会发展的积极意义。     

Campaign‐Style Enforcement and Regulatory Compliance

This article examines the recoupling mechanism of campaign‐style enforcement and its effects on environmental regulatory compliance. Drawing on the policy implementation literature and institutional theory, the authors develop a conceptual model of campaign‐style enforcement in which both resource mobilization and power redistribution are theorized to address decoupling problems in regulatory compliance. The two‐pathway recoupling mechanism is evidenced by an empirical investigation of the implementation of China's energy conservation and emission reduction policy as part of that country's 11th Five‐Year Plan. Findings suggest that campaign‐style enforcement can effectively improve regulatory compliance when it addresses the efficiency/legitimacy conflict by providing policy incentives and reorganizing a clear hierarchy of political authority. The article concludes with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of campaign‐style enforcement.     

情报导侦理论根据和制度设计

情报导侦以现代情报科学理论为根据,以情报指导公安机关的刑事侦查工作,实现精确打击刑事犯罪。公安机关需强化危机意识、务实意识、实战意识、制导意识,通过收集、整理、储存、传递、核算、研制各种刑事信息为侦查工作服务。同时,制定领导责任首查制、情报采集负责制、情报采集员培训制、刑事情报专业制、严格情报保密制度和考核奖励制度,以确定情报导侦的主导地位。     

社会生产关系视野中的犯罪学

我国犯罪学研究处于封闭徘徊之中。从事犯罪学研究的科学家群体尚没有共同遵从的世界观和行为方式 ,没有在一些基本问题上取得共识。一个学科的基本问题是研究对象、研究方法、研究取向和研究者的培养模式。如果把犯罪学研究视为一种社会生产实践活动 ,则在社会生产关系的视野中能够获得关于这几个问题的有效答案。