Post-traumatic effects in policing: perceptions,stigmas and help seeking behaviours

This study explored the relationships between perceptions, stigmas and support with help seeking amongst police officers. A total of 421 web surveys were completed by constables from a large municipal police force in Canada. The most significant finding was the relationship between officers feeling comfortable disclosing distressing personal information and seeking help from others. Help was most commonly sought from respondents’ friends (at work and outside) and family members. Respondents shared information with their direct supervisors only when there was a strong, reciprocal relationship between them. Implications for future research and practice for help seeking in police occupations are discussed.     

The Impact of Safe Harbor Legislation on Court Proceedings Involving Sex Trafficked Youth: A Qualitative Investigation of Judicial Perspectives

The passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) facilitated the conceptual shift in reframing youth involved in sex trafficking as victims, rather than criminals. Many states have passed legislation in the form of Safe Harbor laws to protect sex trafficked juveniles from criminal charges and provide rehabilitative services (Polaris, 2015). Nevertheless, limited research has examined the impact of Safe Harbor laws and the role juvenile and family court judges play in how minor victims of sex trafficking are treated by the court system. Consequently, the purpose of this qualitative study was to examine juvenile and family court judges’ knowledge and perceptions of Safe Harbor legislation and identify legal challenges when presiding over cases involving sexually exploited youth. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a national sample (N = 82) of family and juvenile court judges. Findings suggest that respondents perceive Safe Harbor laws to have positively affected both attitudes and practices, although several challenges and unintended negative effects were identified. Further, dispositional issues, difficulties with case identification, legal and policy issues, and challenges with interagency collaboration were identified as ongoing issues to address. Legal implications as well as practice and policy considerations based on the study findings are discussed.     

Depressive Symptomology as a Moderator of Friend Selection and Influence on Substance Use Involvement: Estimates from Grades 6 to 12 in Six Longitudinal School-Based Social Networks

Although the contributions of friend selection and friend influence to adolescent homophily on substance use behaviors has been of enduring research interest, moderators of these processes have received relatively little research attention. Identification of factors that dampen or amplify selection and influence on substance use behaviors is important for informing prevention efforts. Whereas prior research has examined adolescent drinking, smoking, and marijuana use, the current study examined whether friend selection and friend influence operated on substance use involvement, an indicator of problematic use, and whether depressive symptomology moderated these processes. In addition, it examined whether these relationships varied from grade 6 to 12. The study used a cohort-sequential design in which three cohorts of youth (first surveyed in grades, 6, 7, and 8) in six school-based longitudinal social networks were surveyed up to seven times, yielding N?=?6817 adolescents (49% female). Stochastic actor-oriented models were applied to test hypothesized relationships in the six networks, then results were synthesized in a meta-analysis. Depressive symptoms did not moderate selection or influence on substance use involvement at any grade level, but indirectly contributed to diffusion of substance use involvement through school networks via patterns of network ties. Research is needed on contextual factors, particularly in schools, that might account for when, if at all, depressive symptoms condition friend selection and influence on substance use.     

Talking Together,Thinking Alone: Relations among Co-Rumination,Peer Relationships,and Rumination

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - Girls are more likely to engage in rumination, associated with the development of mental health problems, as well as report higher levels of friendship quality,...     

Changing Public Attitudes on Power and Taxation in the American Federal System

The research reported here updates for 2001 some public opiniondata previously provided by the U. S. Advisory Commission onIntergovernmental Relations. The 2001 survey results indicatea general continuation of earlier opinion trends. The federalgovernment is viewed as providing citizens the least for theirmoney; the federal income lax, followed by the local properlytax, is seen as the worst lax; a majority of the public indicatesthat local governments need more power; the public is most likelyto identify the federal government as having too much power;and the public is least likely to say that the federal governmentneeds more power. For the most part, these attitudes are heldwithout much variation by all categories of respondents; however,region, education, and, to a lesser extent, a few other demographicvariables do distinguish among respondents in a statisticallysignificant manner.     

Helen Holt: A Centenarian's Reflections on a Lifetime of Public Service

Women have made great strides in the past 100 years. As the iconic cigarette commercial told us almost 50 years ago, “You've come a long way, baby!” Yet women are still underrepresented in the highest leadership ranks, including state and federal office. Before being asked to “lean in” or share valuable insights, a small group of very capable women were leaders long before those two words were seen in the same sentence. One such remarkable woman, Helen Holt, was a “servant‐leader” throughout her illustrious and inspiring career as a member of West Virginia's House of Delegates, then as secretary of state (1957–58), and later as a presidential appointee charged with developing the nation's nursing home system. Holt's work in state and federal government, her appointment by seven U.S. presidents to develop and implement the national nursing home program that is still in use today, and her leadership in civic and nonprofit organizations have made her an inspiration to countless women and men.     

A Changing Society

Ifirst visited China in 1973. I was a serving member of the Royal Australian Navy and we were engaged in the Viet Nam War.Communism was the deadly enemy of the free world back then.     

The Queensland Native Police and Strategies of Recruitment on the Queensland Frontier, 1849–1901

Although historians have provided substantial insights into the structure, development and activities of the Queensland Native Mounted Police, they have rarely focused on the complex and sensitive issue of Aboriginal recruitment. A careful reading of historical records, however, identifies several methods, including coercion, intimidation, kidnapping and inducement, as well as “voluntary” enlistment. It is difficult to identify Aboriginal agency in recruitment processes as the records are entirely one-sided—the voices of the troopers themselves are absent from the archival sources. In this article, we examine the cultural and historical contexts of Aboriginal recruitment—for example, the dire social situations of Aboriginal survivors of the frontier war and the absence of future survival options for the potential recruits. We explore, through the framework of historical trauma, the impacts on vulnerable victims of violence and other devastating effects of colonisation. We conclude that the recruitment of Aboriginal troopers was far from a homogeneous or transparent process and that the concept of agency with regard to those who can be considered war victims themselves is extremely complex. Unravelling the diverse, conflicting and often controversial meanings of this particular colonial activity remains a challenge to the historical process.     

Katherine Tonkiss,Migration and Identity in a Post-National World

Theories of Local Economic Development. Edited by Richard D. Bingham and Robert Meir. Newbury Park CA, Sage, 1993. Pp. 319. £20.50 pb.

Policy and Change. Edited by Randall Smith and Jane Raistrick. Saus Publications. 1994, Pp.442, £14.95 pb.

Economic Development Work Book ‐ Briefings on Key Economic Development Topics. National Development Project, Employment Department. Researched and Produced by Mersyside TEC and West London TEC, and edited by Andrew Coulson and Paul Lovejoy, 1994. Pp.220. £58.75 (£35.25 for TECs). Available from Nicholas Johnson, West London TEC, Sovereign Court, 15–21 Staines Road, Hounslow, Middlesex, TW3 3HA. Tel. 0181–577–1010. Fax 0181–570–9969)

Resolving Conflict: Strategies for Local Government. Edited by Margaret S. Herrman. International City Management Association (P.O. Box 2011, Annapolis Junction, MD 20701, USA), 1994. $29.95.

Local Government in the United Kingdom. By David Wilson and Chris Game (with Steve Leach and Gerry Stoker). Macmillan, 1994. Pp.377. £12.99 pb.

International Handbook of Local and Regional Government: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Democracies. By Alan Norton. Aldershot, Hants: Edward Elgar, 1994. Pp.559 + xx. £85.00 hb.

Management Innovations in Urban Policy: Lessons from France. By Patrick Le Gales and John Mawson. Local Government Management Board, 1994. Pp.123. Free.

Urban Policy in Britain: The City, the State and the Market. By Rob Atkinson and Graham Moon. Macmillan, 1994. Pp.306. £35.00 hb, £11.99 pb.

Healthy Cities: Research and Practice. Edited by John K. Davies and Michael P. Kelly. Routledge, 1993. Pp.188. £35.00 Hb, £11.99 pb.

Normality is Hard Work—Trade Unions and the Politics of Community Care. By Mick Carpenter. London, Lawrence and Wishart, 1994 (published in association with UNISON). Pp.162. £14.99 pb.

Local Government in Britain (Sixth Edition). By TONY BYRNE. Penguin Books, 1994. Pp.665. £10.00 pb.

The Size and Efficiency Debate: Public Library Authorities in a Time of Change (British Library R &; D Report 6143). By Arthur Midwinter and Murray McVicar. Library Association Publishing Limited, 1994. Pp.106. £25.00. (Available from Bookpoint Limited, 39 Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4TD.)

Managing Your City or Town: A Reference Guide for the New Public Official. By Kenton G. Griffin. University Press of America, 1994. Pp.282 including appendices. $57.50 hb, $36.50 pb.

Community Profiling: Auditing Social Needs. By Murray Hawtin, Geraint Hughes and Janie Percy‐Smith. Open University Press, 1994. Pp.194. £12.00 pb.

Management of Quality in Local Government. Edited by Ian Sanderson. Longman, 1992. Pp.180. £21.00 hb.

Competing for Quality: A Manager's Guide to Market Testing. By Lynton Barker. Longman, 1993. Pp.217. £35.00 pb.

The Valuation of Changes in Quality in the Public Services: A Report prepared for HM Treasury by Brunei University. By Martin Cave and Others. HMSO, 1994. £19.00.

Research in Public Administration: Reflections on Theory and Practice. Edited by Jay D. White and Guy B. Adams. Sage, 1994. Pp.280. £26.95 hb, £12.95 pb.

Gender Audit 1994. Engender, Scotland. Pp.81, A4 loose‐leaf format. £7.00 (individuals), £15 (institutions).(Available from Scottish Women's Aid, Edinburgh)

Cassell Multilingual Dictionary of Local Government and Business. Edited by Clive Leo McNeir. Cassell, London, 1993. Pp.xv + 222. £50.

A la Recherche du ‘local’. Edited by Albert Mabileau. Paris, L'Harmattan, 1993. Pp.232.

Le système local en France (2nd edition). By Albert Mabileau. Paris, Monchrestien, 1994. Pp.157. FF60.

Gouvernement local et politique urbaines: Actes du colloque international, Grenoble, 2–3 février 1993, Edited by Sylvie Biarez and Jean‐Yves Nevers. Cerat, Paris, 1993. Pp.557.

Ombudsmen in the Public Sector. By Mary Seneviratne. Open University Press, 1994. Pp.148. £15.23 pb, £40.00 hb.

The New American Political (Dis)order. By Robert A. Dahl et al. Institute of Governmental Studies Press, University of California, Berkeley, 1994. Pp.xii + 102. $10.95.

Entwicklungschancen deutscher Stadte ‐ Die Folgen der Vereinigung. D. Henckel, B. Grabow, B. Hollbach, Hartmut Usbeck, Heinz Niemann. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, Berlin, Cologne/Deutsche Ver‐meinde Verlag, 1993. Pp.567. DM78.

French Politics Today. By Peter Morris. Manchester University Press, 1994. Pp.182. £29.99 hb, £8.99 pb.

Lobbying in the European Community. Edited by Sonia Mazey and J. Richardson. Oxford University Press, 1993. Pp.263. £30.00.

Single Market to Social Europe: European Community in the 1990s. By M. Wise and R. Gibb. Longman, 1993. Pp.356. £13.99.