加强劳动纪律的法律手段

<正> 在生产中加强劳动纪律和稳定干部的问题,始终是共产党和苏联政府一贯注意的中心。列宁在1918年写道:"必须把我们已经夺得的东西,把我们颁布过的法令,确定了的法规,讨论过的问题,拟订了的计划草案固定下来——必须把这些东西固定为不可动摇的日常劳动纪律。这是一个最困难而又最容易收效的任务,因为只有解决这个任务,我们才能树立起社会主义的秩序"。在加强自觉的劳动纪律中,劳动法令起了很大的作用。它巩固了人们对于遵守劳动纪律     

关于恩格斯法学观点的几个问题——纪念恩格斯诞生一百六十周年

<正> 恩格斯是马克思的亲密战友、杰出的革命家、伟大的思想家和卓越的学者。他毕生从事革命改造社会的斗争事业。他对辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的规律和范畴的论证,有着巨大的功绩。他"第一个说明了无产阶级不只是一个受苦的阶级……,无产阶级的     

The emergence of maternal-fetal conflict policies

George Washington University Medical Center's Policy on decisionmaking by pregnant patients is being widely circulated by the ACLU; copies of the Policy can be obtained by calling the American Civil Liberties Union Reproductive Freedom Project. There is, of course, much disagreement over the details of the Policy; not everyone will agree with its underlying philosophy favoring maternal rights. Nevertheless, there does seem to be a consensus that wherever possible these conflicts should be resolved in accordance with previously adopted policies rather than by the courts on an ad hoc basis. Had the Policy been in place in 1987, the Carder case would probably not have been submitted to a judge in the first place, nor would Angela Carder have been forced to undergo a Caesarean section. All hospitals should consider adopting a maternal-fetal conflict policy, and those that do so should be aware of the George Washington University Medical Center Policy, whether or not they agree with its provisions. Whatever policy each hospital ultimately develops should be integrated with decisionmaking and informed consent policies already in place. The formulation and implementation of such a policy, reflecting the hospital's legal and ethical obligations to its pregnant patients, will go a long way towards preventing unnecessary resort to the courts.     

Employment and urban growth; an application of Czamanski's model to the Mexican case

The author applies the 1964 model developed by Stanislaw Czamanski, based on theories of urban growth and industrial localization, to the analysis of urban growth in Mexico. "The advantages of this model in its application as a support instrument in the process of urban planning when the information available is incomplete are...discussed...." Census data for 44 cities in Mexico are used. (SUMMARY IN ENG)     

Last rights. In sickness and in health, more people are taking life's biggest decision away from doctors and into their own hands

When dying is all that awaits them, more and more people are choosing certain death now rather than uncertain life on medical support systems. But the decision seldom comes easy, as a Newsweek reporter discovers during three weeks with the doctors, nurses, patients and families in an intensive-care ward. A best-selling guide to suicide fires debate over when it is right to let life go--and who should make that choice when the patient no longer can.