构建社会主义核心价值观的关键词

社会的核心价值观是社会价值理念、社会价值尺度的核心和灵魂,是一个国家的、社会的、民众的价值理念。中国特色的核心价值观必须基于现时代党的理论支撑和现实国情。建设社会主义核心价值观,必须充分把握四个关键词,即人本、公正、民主和和谐。对社会主义核心价值观的弘扬,突出表现在社会的意识形态宣传和社会制度安排上。     

政府公务人员工作生活质量与行政效能之关系研究

随着对企业人力资源管理研究的深入,学者们对公共部门人力资源管理的研究也步入了正轨。公共部门人力资源管理重要目的之一是要使公务人员有良好的绩效表现及较高的服务品质,即具有较高的行政效能。难免要涉及到公务人员的工作生活质量问题。现代公共人力资源管理已经抛弃了传统的人事管理那种重控制、重监督、重处罚的消极管理,进入了创造良好的工作生活质量,并以此激发公务人员的活力的时代。     

Economic voting in South Korea: The 1988 assembly elections

The 1988 Assembly elections in South Korea provide an opportunity to explore whether voting based on short-term economic fluctuations was a feature of the elections. The research design regresses party votes from a large sample of the 224 electoral districts against several well-known determinants of Korean voting behavior (regionalism, urban-rural residence, and social class), as well as district unemployment rates and levels and changes in income. With traditional explanations of voting behavior held constant, income variables had no apparent influence on the vote. However, the coefficients for unemployment rates are large, statistically significant, and in a direction entirely consistent with the theory of rational economic voting. There are grounds for including short-term economic variables in future modeling of Korean electoral behavior.     

Identity development and formal operations as sources of adolescent egocentrism

The self-concerns and social expectations that are part of the identity development process may lead adolescents to think that others survey them for signs of individuality. The novelty of identity development may also lead to feelings of uniqueness and invulnerability. The imaginary audience and personal fable may therefore stem from identity development and not from the emergence of formal operations. In this study high school and first-year university students (N=255) completed measures of adolescent egocentrism, identity development, and formal operations. Egocentrism was moderately associated with higher scores on identity crisis and identity achievement, and with lower scores on identity diffusion. There was no significant relationship between egocentrism and the emergence of formal operations.Received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. from the University of Victoria. His main interests are in personality, social and developmental psychology.Currently completing a master's degree at Lakehead University. Interests are in social and clinical psychology.     

Healthy and maladjusted Type A behavior in adolescents

The dimensions of Type A behavior were studied in 990 randomly selected adolescents and their conceptualization was clarified in terms of achievement striving, self-concept, and sense of control. The methods used were the AFMS to evaluate Type A behavior, the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale, and Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory. Achievement striving was assessed using the questionnaire designed for this study. It was revealed that Type A consisted of two independent dimensions, both adding an equal contribution to the total score. One was an impatient, aggressive competitiveness related to a low self-esteem, low self-set achievement standards, and external locus of control. The other Type A exhibited competitiveness related to a sense of responsibility, leadership, social activity, high achievement striving, and high self-esteem. These factors may distinguish maladjusted competitiveness from healthy ambition and suggest that it is important to distinguish risk Type A individuals from Type A's who are potential leaders in society.Received Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Helsinki, Finland. Her major research interest is psychosomatic medicine.     

Block Grants: A Perennial, But Unstable, Tool of Government

During 1995 and 1996, the Congress and the president gave considerableattention to block granting over $200 billion in federal intergovernmentalgrant programs, ranging from large entitlement programs to smallerprograms in housing, vocational education, and law enforcement.In the end, the record of successes was modest—highlightedby welfare-reform legislation that, in some respects, resembleda block grant and in others did not. The contrast between processand outcomes in this most recent block-grant cycle reinforcesthe point that block-grant prospects depend on fundamental fiscal,political, and programmatic forces that are separate from federalismconsiderations. The states' maturation as leaders in many domesticpolicy areas strengthens the performance rationale for blockgrants. The federal fiscal crisis will continue to stimulateinterest in block grants among fedeal as well as state policymakers.The proposals offering the greatest fiscal advantage (i.e.,Medicaid and AFDC) may not be those with the strongest performancerationale. Although recent congressional developments suggeststronger support for states, nationalizing forces remain embeddedin domestic policymaking. Thus, substantial questions remain,posing obstacles to a fundamental and sustained role for blockgrants in the federal system.     

The public demand for smoking bans

Smoking bans are gaining widespread support in the United States and other countries. While supporters argue that bans are necessary to resolve market failures associated with negative externalities, the Coase Theorem predicts that, under various conditions, private markets internalize negative externalities. We examine the smoking issue within the framework of the Coase Theorem and hypothesize that smoking bans misallocate air space resources shared by smokers and nonsmokers. Because smoking bans shift ownership of scarce resources, they are also hypothesized to transfer income from one party (smokers) to another party (nonsmokers). Supporting evidence for these hypotheses is provided by an examination of a comprehensive smoking ban imposed in San Luis Obispo, CA.     

To fight or not to fight?

Public Choice - This paper considers the players' behaviour in an asymmetric two-player contest. When do they decide to “struggle” and when to “subjugate”? Analysing...     

Characteristics of an effective statistical system

Abstract: The objective of a national statistical system is to provide relevant, comprehensive, accurate and objective (politically untainted) statistical information. There are multiple uses for the information collected, but generally statistics are invaluable for monitoring the country's economic and social conditions, the planning and evaluation of government and private-sector programs and investments, policy debates and advocacy, and the creation and maintenance of an informed public. This paper discusses ten broad criteria for evaluating the efficiency of a national statistical system: the broad framework, including the legal one, as well as the rank and standing of the chief statistician; professional core values; non-political objectivity and the means used to ensure this; systems and approaches used to assess and meet federal priorities; systems and approaches used to assess and meet provincial (state) priorities; systems and approaches to assess and meet other users' priorities; mechanisms for the coordination of the statistical system; balancing priorities against available resources; serving the needs of different client groups; and generating a supportive environment. Sommaire: Le systéme statistique national vise à fournir des données pertinentes, complètes, exactes et objectives, ?est-à-dire à l'abri de l'ingérence politique. Cette information contribue à la réalisation de nombreux objectifs: elle permet de suivre l'évolution de la conjoncture économique et sociale du pays, de planifier et d'evaluer les programmes et les investissements dans les secteurs public et privé, de tenir des discussions sur les politiques et les défendre, ainsi que de voir à ce que le public soit toujours bien renseigné. Dix critères géneraux d'évaluation des systèmes statistiques nationaux sont analysés dans l'exposé: le cadre généaral, entre autres le volet juridique et la place occupée par le statisticien en chef; les valeurs professionnelles fondamentales; l'objectivité non politique et les mesures prises pour l'assurer; les systèmes et les méthodes servant àévaluer et respecter les priorites fédérates; les systèmes et les méthodes servant àévaluer et respecter les priorités des provinces (les états); les systèmes et les méthodes servant %aG évaluer et respecter les priorités d'autres utilisateurs; les mécanismes de coordination du système statistique; la mise en équilibre des priorités en fonction des ressources disponibles; la satisfaction des besoins de différents groupes de clients; la création d'un environnement favorable.