Implementing Change in an Urban School District: A Case Study of the Reorganization of the Little Rock School District

In July 2005, the Little Rock, Arkansas, school district implemented a new policy to reorganize its management structure in order to create a more efficient bureaucracy. Using Richard Matland’s ambiguity‐conflict model of policy implementation, the authors examine the implementation of this school reorganization policy. Interviews and surveys were conducted with the superintendent and his executive assistants, school principals, teachers, and staff. In line with Matland’s model, the findings suggest that successful implementation is directly related to the policy characteristics of ambiguity and conflict. However, the authors point to the importance of recognizing particular characteristics for different groups of stakeholders within the policy implementation process. Discrepancies among groups of policy actors in the degree of policy ambiguity and policy conflict lead to strikingly different implementation strategies.     

人体组织ABO血型检测方法的研究

探讨人体组织ABO血型检测方法。对已知ABO血型尸体的不同组织,用红细胞粘连试验、吸收—抑制试验和吸收－解离试验进行ABO血型测定。12例尸体的16种组织中均检出与尸体血痕相同的ABH物质。对不同温度保存的组织块进行ABH物质检测的结果显示,4℃保存的组织ABH物质的检出时间长于室温,空腔脏器的检出时间短于实质脏器。三种方法中,红细胞粘连试验简单易行,适用于基层单位,吸收－抑制试验用于组织块的测定时优于吸收－解高试验。     

关于量刑建议的若干问题

量刑建议是检察机关在指控犯罪时就被告人应当判处的刑罚向人民法院提出的意见.量刑建议权本质上属于公诉权,同时,量刑建议也是检察机关履行审判监督职能的有效方式.检察机关提出量刑建议,有利于促进量刑公开、公正,保障司法公正,提高诉讼效率,加强审判监督,提高公诉人素质.从目前检察机关探索量刑建议的情况看,各地做法并不统一,因此,需要明确量刑建议的原则、适用范围、提出时机和形式、方法、内部审批和变更程序以及量刑问题的法庭审理程序等问题.     

Mustard gas and American race-based human experimentation in World War II

This essay examines the risks of racialized science as revealed in the American mustard gas experiments of World War II. In a climate of contested beliefs over the existence and meanings of racial differences, medical researchers examined the bodies of Japanese American, African American, and Puerto Rican soldiers for evidence of how they differed from whites.     

The use of buffered celite columns in drug extraction techniques and their proposed application in forensic toxicology

The recoveries of acidic, basic, and neutral drugs through buffered celite columns are reported. The methods are rapid, simple, clean, and efficient, especially with compounds having a high volatility.