B. Reviews: general

REGIERUNG UND VERWALTUNG DES VORDEREN ORIENTS IN ISLAMISCHER ZEIT. TEIL 2. Mit Beiträgen von D. SOURDEL und J. BOSCH VILÁ. (Handbuch der Orientalistik, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 5.) Leiden, Brill, 1988. vi, 152pp. Hfl.68.‐ (58.‐ to Series subscribers).

BRITAIN AND THE MIDDLE EAST: AN ECONOMIC HISTORY 1945–87. By FRANK BRENCHLEY. (Middle East Studies.) London, Lester Crook, 1989. 391pp.

AN IMPERIAL TWILIGHT. By SIR GAWAIN BELL. London, Lester Crook Academic Publishing, 1989. 266 pp. £15.95

JERUSALEM IN HISTORY. Edited by K.J. ASALI. London, Scorpion Publishing, 1989.

KING ABDULLAH, BRITAIN AND THE MAKING OF JORDAN. By MARY C. WILSON. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987. 289pp. £25.00.

A HOUSE OF MANY MANSIONS: THE HISTORY OF LEBANON RECONSIDERED. By KAMAL SALIBI. London, I.B. Tauris, 1988. 234pp. £17.95

THE UNMAKING OF PALESTINE. By W.F. ABBOUSHI. Wisbech, Menas Press, 1985. xi, 250pp. £21.50.

CHILDREN OF BETHANY: THE STORY OF A PALESTINIAN FAMILY. By SAID K. ABURISH. London, Tauris, 1988. 243pp. £14.95.

TOWARDS A PALESTINIAN ENTITY. By PAUL LALOR. London, Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1989. 35pp.

ISRAEL, PALESTINIANS AND THE INTIFADA: CREATING FACTS ON THE WEST BANK. By GEOFFREY ARONSON. Lonon, Kegan Paul International, 2nd ed., 1990. 376 pp.

SUDAN 1898–1989: THE UNSTABLE STATE. By PETER WOODWARD. London, Lester Crook, 1990. 273pp.

REVOLUTION AND FOREIGN POLICY: THE CASE OF SOUTH YEMEN 1967–1987. By FRED HALLIDAY. (Cambridge Middle East Library, 21.) Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1990. 316 pp.

THE MAKING OF CONTEMPORARY ALGERIA, 1830–1987: COLONIAL UPHEAVALS AND POST‐INDEPENDENCE DEVELOPMENT. By MAHFOUD BENNOUNE. (Cambridge Middle East Library series.) Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1988.

THE GULF WAR: ITS ORIGINS, HISTORY AND CONSEQUENCES. By JOHN BULLOCH and HARVEY MORRIS. London, Methuen 1989. 309 pp. £14.99.

THE GULF WAR. By EDGAR O'BALLANCE. London, Brasseys's Defence Publishers (Pergamon), 1988. 231pp. £17.95.

THE GULF AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY: THE 1980S AND BEYOND. Edited by M.E. AHRARI. London, Macmillan, 1989. 210pp. £35.00.

THE GULF WAR. By MAJID KHADDURI. New York, Oxford University Press, 1988. 236pp. $24.95.

THE GULF WAR. Edited by HANS MAULL and OTTO PICK. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1989. ix, 203pp. £30.00.

THE FUTURE OF THE GULF. By PHILIP ROBINS. Aldershot, Royal Institute of International Affairs/Dartmouth Publishing Co., 1989. xvii, 145pp.

THE ISLAMIC IMPULSE. Edited by BARBARA FREYER STOWASSER. London and Sydney, Croom Helm, 1987. 329pp. £25.00.

ISLAM: STATE AND SOCIETY. Edited by KLAUS FERDINAND and MEHDI MOZAFFARI. London, Coarsen Press, 1988. 219pp. £6.50.

THE ISLAMIC POLITY AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP; FUNDAMENTALISM, SECTARIANISM, AND PRAGMATISM. By MEHRAN TAMADONFAR. Boulder, San Francisco & London, Westview Press, 1989. 152pp.

RELIGION AND POLITICAL POWER. Edited by GUSTAVO BENAVIDES and M.W. DALY. Albany, State University of New York Press, 1989. 240pp.

FIRST YEAR ARABIC COURSE. 1: ANA AKTUB: PHONOLOGY AND SCRIPT. 2: MIN FADLAK: LISTENING AND SPEAKING. 3: MABRUK: READING AND WRITING GRAMMAR. By DIONISIUS A. AGIUS. [Leeds], University of Leeds, Department of Modern Arabic Studies, 1989. 3 parts (in 4 vols.), 4 cassettes. £25.00.

DAS KAPITEL INNA WA‐AHAWATUHA AUS DEM ‘MANHAG AS‐SALIK’ DES GRAMMATIKERS ABU HAYYAN AL‐GARNATI (1256–1344). BY ANNETTE BERGTER. (Arabische Texte und Studien, 2.) Hildesheim, Zürich, New York, Georg O1ms, 1988. 201pp. DM35.80.

SAUDI ARABIAN DIALECTS. By THEODORE PROCHAZKA. (Library of Arabic Linguistics, monograph 8.) London and New York, Kegan Paul International, 1988. xix, 240pp. + 13pp. (Arabic text).

LANGUAGE VARIATION AND CHANGE IN A MODERNISING ARAB STATE: THE CASE OF BAHRAIN. By CLIVE HOLES. (Library of Arabic Linguistics, 7.) London/New York, Kegan Paul International, 1987. xii, 210 pp. £45.00.

DER NEUARAMÄISCHE DIALEKT VON HERTEVIN (PROVINZ S??RT). By OTTO JASTROW. (Semitica Viva, 3.) Wiesbaden, Otto Harrassowitz, 1988. XXV, 234pp. 1 map. DM132.

SÜDOGHUSISCHE MATERIALIEN AUS AFGHANISTAN UND IRAN. By GERHARD DOERFER & WOLFRAM HESCHE. Wiesbaden, Harrassowitz, 1989. 548pp. Maps, illustrations. DM236.‐

AL‐GHAZALI THE REMEMBRANCE OF DEATH AND THE AFTERLIFE: KITAB DHIKR AL‐MAWT WA‐MA BA'DAHU: BOOK XL OF THE REVIVAL OF THE RELIGIOUS SCIENCES IHYA’ ‘ULUM AL‐DIN. Translated with an introduction and notes by T.J. WINTER. Cambridge, Islamic Texts Society, 1989. 347pp. £12.95 (p/b), £35 (h/b).

BAHA’ AL‐DAN AL‐'AMILI AND HIS LITERARY ANTHOLOGIES. By CLIFFORD EDMUND BOSWORTH. (Journal of Semitic Studies, monograph 10.) Manchester, University of Manchester, 1989. vii, [3], 128pp.

SAND AND OTHER POEMS. By MAHMOUD DARWEESH. Selected and translated by RANA KABBANI. London, KPI, 1986. 77pp. £9.95.

MAWSU'AT AL‐ADAB AL‐DAHIK = AN ANTHOLOGY OF HUMOUR IN ARAB LITERATURE. By ‘ALI MURUWWA. London, Riad El‐Rayyes Books, 1987. 8 vols., 1293pp. £80.00

LE PATRIMOINE JOURNALISTIQUE DE TUNISIE. By MUSTAPHA CHELBI. Tunis, Editions Bouslama, 1986. 296pp. $6 or TD 3.500.

ADVICE ON THE ART OF GOVERNANCE: MAU'IZAH‐JAHANGIRI OF MUHAMMAD BAQIR NAJM‐I SANI: AN INDO‐ISLAMIC MIRROR FOR PRINCES. Persian Text with introduction, translation and notes by SAJIDA SULTANA ALVI. (SUNY series in Near Eastern studies.) Albany, State University of New York Press, 1989. x, 215pp.

THICKHEAD AND OTHER STORIES. By HALDUN TANER. Translated by GEOFFREY LEWIS. (UNESCO Collection of Representative Works.) London, Forest Books, 1988. 160pp. £8.95

AVERROES’ DE SUBSTANTIA ORBIS: A CRITICAL EDITION OF THE HEBREW TEXT WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY. By ARTHUR HYMAN. (Corpus Philosophorum Medii Aevi Academiarum Consociatarum Auspiciis et Consilio Editum, Opera Averrois, Medieval Academy Books, 96.) Cambridge, Mass., Medieval Academy of America and the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1986. 156 pp. (English), 68 pp. (Hebrew).

FIVE ESSAYS ON ISLAMIC ART. By TERRY ALLEN. Sebastopol, Cal, Solipsist Press, 1988. x, 189pp. 113 black‐and‐white illustrations. $46.‐     

African American Women’s Readiness to Change Abusive Relationships

This study explores 178 low-income, abused African American women’s readiness to change abusive relationships and achieve safety. We explore stages of change using Prochaska and DiClemente’s transtheoretical model (TM; Precontemplation, Contemplation, Action, Preparation, and Maintenance). Results reveal that: for abused women, the stages fall along a continuum (versus discreet and linear stages); abused women are primarily in the Contemplation stage; and multiple factors (perception of current abuse, number of children in her home, symptoms of general anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], substance use, spiritual well-being, self-esteem, and social support) affect women’s total readiness to change intimate partner violence (IPV). Current IPV, anxiety, PTSD, substance abuse, and spirituality were positively correlated with readiness to change, and children in the home and self-esteem were negatively correlated with readiness to change. Multiple regression analysis revealed that PTSD and spiritual well-being are positive predictors of readiness to change. Findings contribute to the growing body of literature supporting the TM as applied to IPV. Results are discussed in terms of applicability to interventionists, policy makers, and community leaders as they consider the plight of abused women and their efforts towards violence-free relationships.     

“Developing a community soul”: A Comparative Assessment of the Australian Assistance Plan in Three Regions, 1973–1977

The Australian Assistance Plan (AAP) was an innovative yet largely forgotten social welfare program from the 1970s. A key platform of the Whitlam Labor government, which established a series of Regional Councils for Social Development across Australia, the AAP reframed citizens’ participation in their communities, stimulated voluntary organisations and volunteering and attempted to transform engagement among all levels of governments and the voluntary sector. Through an analysis of three Regional Council case studies in Victoria, New South Wales and South Australia, this article focuses on the themes of regionalism and regional distinctiveness in order to assess how questions of regional difference can impact on the development of policy practices.     

More of the Same? A Dual Case Study Approach to Examining Change Momentum in the Public Sector

Despite the significant amount of change experienced by the public sector, there has been relatively limited empirical examination of how change agendas affect public sector employees in Australia. This article presents a comparative analysis of two Australian public sector organisations that implemented the same positive work change agenda, but experienced very different outcomes. Using a critical realist approach, we draw on a mix of qualitative techniques to suggest that textbook notions of ‘successful change’, which are often derived from large private sector expectations, may fail to capture the complex nature of how public sector change initiatives may unfold. In particular, we demonstrate how political, temporal, contextual, and process factors interact to shift change momentum. Illustrative examples are provided throughout and the findings are discussed in terms of their implications for theory building, for change facilitation, and for future research.     

Popular Financial Reports as Fiscal Transparency Mechanisms: An Assessment Using the Fiscal Transparency Index for the Citizen User

Popular financial reports (PFRs) are intended to increase transparency by providing financial information to a non-technical, citizen audience. We examine the extent to which PFRs are meeting the goal of transparency by developing a 23-criteria fiscal transparency index for the citizen user (FTI-CU) and applying it to a sample of PFRs (popular annual financial reports and citizen-centric reports) issued by local governments in the U.S. These criteria are organized into five areas: comprehension, access, financials, appearance, and community-focused. The analysis finds that, while there are areas for improvement, the PFRs rated the highest in the access and appearance criteria.     

Friends and Education: Identity Patterns across Domains and Associations with Emotion Dysregulation and Identity Disturbance

Journal of Youth and Adolescence - The task of identity development, which involves distinguishing who one is, and defining and articulating this to others, is a challenging developmental task for...