“女性意识”:从沉潜到回归——以越南战争题材作品中的女性形象为例

在男权意识盛行的社会中,性别差异与性别意识被抹杀。女性不是被置于比男性低一等的附属地位,就是被要求和男性一样,成为无性别差异的英雄。文章分析不同社会发展阶段战争文学作品中的女性形象及其特质,探究女性意识从沉潜到苏醒的演变过程,反观古今越南社会对女性的关照程度。     

CITES as Global Governance: Paths to Consensus and Defining Nature Through Uncertainty

Abstract

As concern over various environmental issues has risen at the international level, questions regarding what constitutes “nature” and how it should be portrayed and treated have gained a greater sense of urgency. This paper explores varying concepts and attributes of nature articulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (“CITES”). Much of the research on CITES comes from the fields of policy and ecology, exploring matters of biodiversity, sustainability, enforcement, functionality, and evaluation of CITES as a “success” or “failure” of policy, with little focus on issues of cultural context and ambiguities. In contrast, within the social sciences, the contemporary literature is broadly dedicated to critiquing the static, dualistic ideas of nature upon which environmental regulations are based. However, what is often missing from this discourse is how environmental policies often have an implicit understanding that these static conceptions of nature are not accurate – that within the environmental legislation process, there is “an awareness, for example, of the messy, improvised character of knowledges about nature”. This paper explores CITES’s understanding of nature, how it characterizes nature, and how these conceptions become implemented in legislative practice. It illustrates CITES as a manifestation of what Krueger calls a regulatory process of “coded and recoded text with material implications” (p. 880), wherein a relatively unchanging set of legislation can create “multiple, even contradictory, outcomes coexisting simultaneously in the same system” (p. 872).     

涉狱舆情的特点解读

对涉狱舆情样态、特征、规律等进行研究,一直是不少社会学者和系统内理论和实务工作者的“兴趣所在”和努力方向.根据统计分析,我们发现涉狱舆情呈现以下特点:一是信息倾向性,负面涉狱案(事)件更能引起网民的关注;二是发布(首发)主体,以新闻网站为主,但草根的力量不容小觑;三是议题活跃天数,平均每个议题的活跃天数为10.8天,大多数在一周左右,个别持续时间较长;四是意见多元性分布,意见单一化程度高,呈现一边倒现象;五是民间信息发布渠道,论坛与(微)博客成为重要两极.     

构建食品安全监管体系路径及政策研究

由于立法理念等问题,目前中国食品安全法律在监管体制、食品安全标准、检测机构、法律责任等方面都存在亟待改进的地方,应当通过加强高位阶的立法来逐步解决。同时,应当创新监管模式,对食品安全集权监管;实现责任网格化管理;建立食品安全举报系统,加大举报奖励力度;加大惩罚力度,提高食品安全违法违规成本;引入"第三方监管"等。     

转变经济发展方式的资源之维

从资源的角度来看,人类社会发展至今只有两次经济发展方式的转变:农业经济向工业经济的转变和工业经济向知识经济的转变.现阶段中国经济发展方式的第一次转变尚未完成,第二次转变已经开始,经济发展方式转变的双重性明显,因此要同时考虑中国特色的新型工业化道路和发展知识经济的双重需要.     

Plea Discount Deviations: a Mechanism for Gender Disparities in Hong Kong

Asian Journal of Criminology - Consistent sentencing is an ideal pursued by fair and just legal systems. Part of the sentencing procedure entails the provision of a consistent guilty plea discount...     

Independent judicial research in the Daubert age

The Supreme Court's Daubert trilogy places judges in the unenviable position of assessing the reliability of often unfamiliar and complex scientific expert testimony. Over the past decade, scholars have therefore explored various ways of helping judges with their new gatekeeping responsibilities. Unfortunately, the two dominant approaches, which focus on doctrinal tests and external assistance mechanisms, have been largely ineffective. This Article advocates for a neglected but important method for improving scientific decisionmaking--independent judicial research. It argues that judges facing unfamiliar and complex scientific admissibility decisions can and should engage in independent library research to better educate themselves about the underlying principles and methods. Independent research, however, is controversial. A survey of state appellate judges shows sharp divisions on the issue, and at the same time, the rules governing independent research are astonishingly unclear. The Article responds to the likely objections some judges have to independent research and also offers a way of interpreting the existing laws to permit the practice. Finally, the Article assesses independent research's chances for success as a method of scientific evidence reform. Based on the survey results, it concludes that a substantial number of judges will indeed take up the mantle of independent research. An equally substantial portion will likely resist, however, raising deeper issues about the importance of uniformity in judicial practice.     

A rapid and convenient LC/MS method for routine identification of methamphetamine/dimethylamphetamine and their metabolites in urine

A rapid and sensitive LC/MS method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of N,N-dimethylamphetamine (DMA), N,N-dimethylamphetamine N-oxide (DMANO), methylamphetamine (MA) and amphetamine (A) in urine samples. Employing an Alltech C18 column for solid phase extraction followed by LC/MS analysis using an Alltech Platinum EPS C18 column with a mixture of ammonium formate (0.01 M, pH 3) and acetonitrile (77:23, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min, simultaneous identification and quantitation of A, MA, DMA and DMANO in urine can be achieved using a 5-min chromatographic run. The calibration ranges were 0.10-3.0 micro g/mL for DMANO, 0.05-3.0 micro g/mL for DMA and 0.05-5.0 micro g/mL for both MA and A. The intra-, inter-day precision and accuracy for all analytes, spiked at three different concentrations in quality control samples, were in the ranges of 1.7-8.6, 4.1-10.0, -11.6 to 12.9%, respectively. The newly developed method was applied to the analysis of urine samples obtained from 118 suspected MA/DMA abusers, with the presence of MA confirmed in their urine samples under the drug-use surveillance program. Of these 118 samples, 43 were found to contain DMANO and 11 with both DMANO and DMA.