应对公共健康危机的药品专利强制许可实施困境与对策

药品专利强制许可作为一项应对公共健康危机的制度在国内外均得到了立法与政策体认.鉴于其所关涉利益关系的复杂性,这项制度从产生至今仍然争议不断.具体到这项制度的实施,其程序和效果存在更多不确定性.尽管当前一些国家已经通过实施强制许可以应对新冠肺炎疫情,但是围绕发展中国家能力不足、除了专利之外药品所涉其他知识产权许可的不确定...     

Challenges and Prospects for Economic Development in Africa

Africa's history of economic development and growth has been characterised by failed experiments, poor planning and impractical orthodoxies. This left the continent at the mercy of states and ruling elites who were unable to meet the challenges of both rising expectations from their citizens and the imperatives of sound policy design and implementation. Difficult existential conditions, including rising levels of poverty and bad governance, have been compounded by the vagaries of the international environment and Africa's peripheral position in its political economy and division of labour. Auspicious growth indicators over the last decade, fuelled mainly by global commodity demand and improved macro-economic management, have recently been undermined by the global financial crisis. The crisis has again exposed the continent to the spectre of depressed growth, with serious implications for state capacity and social welfare. This article examines the main ideological fault-lines, development challenges, and external factors that have characterised Africa's economic development and concludes that the future of the continent will remain one of this century's great challenges.     

The Belt and Road Initiative and Globalization

正As a new type of initiative for globalization,the nature of the Belt and Road is to address worldwide problems triggered by Western-led globalization,promote common development and realize a new form of inclusive globalization through a new model of international cooperation and global governance, so as to build a community with a shared future for mankind.     

Citizen Expectations and Satisfaction in a Young Democracy: A Test of the Expectancy‐Disconfirmation Model

Citizen satisfaction with public services has been shown to depend on citizens’ expectations and their perceptions of performance. If performance exceeds expectations, satisfaction is likely; if performance falls short of expectations, dissatisfaction is likely. The existing evidence on this process covers the United States and the United Kingdom. The authors generalize the idea of expectation‐driven citizen satisfaction (the “expectancy‐disconfirmation model”) theoretically and empirically to an institutional context of limited accountability and widespread citizen distrust. Using a survey of a broad cross‐section of the general adult population in Guadalajara, Mexico, in 2014, this article finds support for the expectancy‐disconfirmation model in this very different context. The authors also test for an effect of the type of expectation using an embedded, randomized experiment but do not find evidence of a difference between normative and empirical expectations. Findings support the usefulness of the expectancy‐disconfirmation model in a wide range of contexts.     

析朱熹"'诚'为《中庸》之枢纽"

朱熹《中庸章句》明确提出＂‘诚’为《中庸》之枢纽＂,而《中庸或问》又通过对＂诚＂的界定,以及通过对《中庸》第一章至第二十章＂诚＂的内涵分析和对第二十一章至最后一章有关＂诚＂的论述的概括,进一步论证了《中庸》的大义在于＂诚＂。朱熹的这一观点,对于解读《中庸章句》人来说,是不可不知晓的。     

司法规律中的检察权配置

司法规律是国家适用法律解决社会纠纷时的司法特性,按照司法规律的要求配置检察权,并规范检察权的运行,方能保证检察活动达到预期效果。考虑到我国检察机关的性质定位、法律文化传统和现实国情,为实现法律监督的目的,我国检察权应当由检察调查权、检察追诉权、检察建议权和法律话语权四个方面构成。     

论生态智商及其相关法律问题

生态智商新理念引起世人关注。本文在阐明其概念、内涵、特点的同时,着重探索在科学发展观指导下,其应用中的根本透明度,量化公式,企业经营者计算产品的生态价格以展开竞争,消费者在卖方转向买方市场中,变被动为主动,作出购买决议,掌握生态环境保护的投票权。与此相应形成立法新理念,在相关法律部门增订或修订法律规范。     

Motions of passenger cars in low-speed falls over embankments

An analysis of the dynamics of motions of passenger cars in falls over embankments at speeds less than that required to launch a car into a free-fall trajectory is developed in this paper as an aid in evaluating initial vehicle speed in this particular type of crash involved in the forensic science field of accident reconstruction.     

Contrastive analysis of Chinese and American court judgments

Whether in legal practice or jurisprudence, court judgments or case briefs are one of the most important legal genres for the legal profession. This paper aims to examine contrastively the linguistic characteristics, moves and rhetoric of Chinese and American court judgments, with the aim of specifying the rhetorical preferences that are characteristic of “standard” judgments. Legal cultures are employed to account for the generic and rhetorical differences. This study also has an underlying pedagogical motivation in that the results would be of great value and interest to the Chinese students of Language for Legal Purposes （LLP） and the lawyers practicing foreign legal affairs.     

论农村纠纷的多元解决机制

"大调解"制度的兴起,一方面的确能够为社会转型期的中国基层农村社会提供多元化的纠纷解决机制,进而及时化解基层社会的矛盾,稳定社会秩序,完成国家对基层社会的控制与治理;另一方面,这一制度兴起的背后,实际上又折射出了整个社会转型时期中国司法的政法模式与治理逻辑.