Allele frequencies and haplotypes of eight Y-short tandem repeats in Bantu population living in Central Africa

Eight Y chromosome short tandem repeats (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385I/II) were used to assess haplotype distribution in non-selected, unrelated Bantu males living in Central Africa [N. Mathias, M. Bayes, C. Tyler-Smith, Highly informative compound haplotypes for the human Y chromosome, Hum. Mol. Genet. 3 (1994) 115-123; L. Roewer, J. Arnemann, N.K. Spurr, K.H. Grzeschik, J.T. Epplen, Simple repeat sequences on the human Y chromosome are equally polymorphic as their autosomal counterparts, Hum. Genet. 89 (1992) 389-394; P. De Knijff, M. Kayser, A. Caglia, D. Corach, N. Fretwel, C. Gehrig, G. Graziosi, F. Heidorn, S. Herrmann, B. Herzog, M. Hidding, K. Honda, M. Jobling, M. Krawczak, K. Leim, S. Meuser, E. Meyer, W. Oesterreich, A. Pandya, W. Parson, G. Penacino, A. Perez-Lezaun, A. Piccini, M. Prinz, C. Schmitt, P. M. Schneider, R. Szibor, J. Teifel-Greding, G. Weishold, L. Rower, Chromosome Y microsatellites: population genetic and evolutionary aspects, Int. J. Legal Med. 110 (1997) 134-149; M. Kayser, A. Caglia, D. Corach, N. Fretwel, C. Gehrig, G. Graziosi, F. Heidorn, S. Herrmann, B. Herzog, M. Hidding, K. Honda, M. Jobling, M. Krawczak, K. Leim, S. Meuser, E. Meyer, W. Oesterreich, A. Pandya, W. Parson, G. Penacino, A. Perez-Lezaun, A. Piccini, M. Prinz, C. Schmitt, P. M. Schneider, R. Szibor, J. Teifel-Greding, G. Weishold, P. de Knijff, L. Rower, Evaluation of Y chromosome STRs: a multicenter study, Int. J. Legal Med. 110 (1997) 125-133, 141-149]. One hundred and sixty-five full haplotypes were obtained from Bantu males. The most common haplotype (DYS19-15, DYS389I-13, DYS389II-30, DYS390-21, DYS391-10, DYS392-11, DYS393-13, DYS385I/II-15,17) was shared by 5.5% of individuals. In the Bantu population in Central Africa, the haplotype diversity and the discrimination capacity of Y-STR may be estimated at 99.14% and 0.5333, respectively.     

论基本权利视角下的资助行政

从基本权利上看,社会保障行政、供给行政与资助行政都属于给付行政,但三者并不相同。作为回应发展权的资助行政有助于实现发展权,发展权也满足了资助行政的法治要求,二者契合。虽然必然的不平等不一定侵害自由,但资助行政应该受到平等权这一基本权利的拘束,即合理的判定基准应符合比例原则,机会平等要求反对歧视,应以立法权控制和维护平等。     

试论房地产公司利用“假按揭”骗取贷款案件的侦防措施

在中国经济体系中房地产市场占有着相当大的部分,随着近几年来房价的一路走高,犯罪分子也将触角伸向了房地产市场这块巨大的蛋糕。要深入剖析房地产公司利用"假按揭"这种手法骗取银行贷款案件发生的原因、产生的危害后果、犯罪过程以及相关的侦防对策。     

国企改制中职务犯罪的认定

国企改刺的复杂性造成了司法实践中对于一些犯罪行为的认定存在较大的争议.集体所有制企业工作人员的主体身份、隐匿国有财产并转归至改制企业所有的行为、隐匿国有财产犯罪的既遂标准、隐匿原国有企业公物的犯罪数额等疑难问题值得深入探讨.     

缺失的女性--中外影视作品中的女性形象分析

本文试图以中外影视作品对女性形象的塑造为切入点,通过选取不同时期中外影视中比较有代表性的作品进行分析,揭示出女性在其中处于缺席、沉默、边缘的地位.社会文明的发展要求我们解构掉男性主宰的电影机制,重建女性世界的真实.     

上海的社区预防犯罪工作状况

上海当前的刑事犯罪,是在上海特殊的社会历史背景下发生的,这种社会历史背景就是社会转型。上海现在推出的构建预防犯罪工作体系,是从源头上预防犯罪,运用市场化、社会化、专业化、人性化管理的思路管理社会、预防犯罪;是从上海社会转型的背景出发,从思想层面、实践层面、制度层面把握预防犯罪工作的立足点和突破点,促进上海的长治久安机制的发展和完善,提高城市法制化水平,为上海的经济社会发展创造一个和谐稳定的社会环境。     

伦敦市中心区交通拥挤收费实施周年回顾

首先对伦敦市交通局(Transport for London)制定的中心区拥挤收费的实施方案进行了系统的论述,之后依据其在2003年10月和2004年2月发布的实施报告,对其实施的具体效果进行了较为详细地介绍,以期对伦敦的拥挤收费政策有一个全面地认识,从而为我国实施拥挤收费提供借鉴.     

Support for the environment post-transition? Material concerns and policy tradeoffs

Though many individuals are aware of the need to address environmental concerns, fewer are willing to pay for climate action or think the environment should be a priority for government spending. One compelling reason is that they prioritize using scarce resources to address immediate material concerns. This is particularly likely for individuals facing absolute material scarcity or for those who think they are relatively economically worse off, especially in contexts characterized by rapid transformation and volatility in the levels and quality of social welfare provision. To test these expectations, we analyze survey data from formerly Communist economies, which today find themselves with vastly different fortunes. Empirical findings suggest that absolute and relative material scarcity affect opinions regarding government spending on, and the willingness to pay more for, environmental action. However, willingness to pay more for government public services, inclusive of anti-poverty initiatives, has an impact on willingness to pay more for climate action, but in counter-intuitive ways. Overall, the results appear to suggest that explicitly addressing and relating individual living standards and inequality with environmental concerns may expand support for climate action.     

Semiotic Interpretation on Translation Principles of Legal Terms

Translation of legal terms, as the linguistic transfer and reconstruction of sign meanings with legal concepts, holds both the symbolic nature of language and the professionalism of law. This paper finds that two intra-semiotic subjective links are identified within the process of formulation, interpretation, translation and reception of legal terms, and analyzes the five translation principles of legal terms within the semiotic interpretation from Semantic Triangle Model, and Translation Triangle Model as well as its corresponding three elements — namely, Representation, Reference and Interpretant. In addition, it is suggested that corpus, by capturing micro translation features, has the guiding and nurturing significance for translation principles of legal terms and general legal translation.     

Cross-border marriages as a side door for paid and unpaid migrant workers: the case of marriage migration between China and Japan

Cross-border marriages between Chinese and Japanese over the past twenty years have expanded in scale and taken on new forms. The special case of Japan lies in the implication of local authorities in the promotion of these marriages, locating the matrimonial migratory route at the crossroads of familial migration and work migration from the point of view of both the migrants themselves and the host communities. Marriage migrants in Japan are one of the variations of the transfer of a feminine workforce to ensure reproductive work. While migratory policies in Japan have generally appealed to side doors for unqualified immigration, local authorities have helped create extra side doors via marriage to provide support in the context of the restructuring of reproductive work. Migrant wives also represent a potential salaried foreign workforce especially in peripheral zones which have difficulty attracting migrants. An analysis of the participation of these migrants in both reproductive and productive work (remunerated or not) enables us to better understand the contemporary debate that feminized migratory routes tend to reinforce patriarchal norms.