Reviews

Steven Fortescue, The Communist Party and Soviet Science. Macmillan, London/Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1986, 234 pp. £27.50, $28–50.

Cameron Ross, Local Government in the Soviet Union: Problems of implementation and Control. London: Croom Helm, 1987, 229pp., £29.95.

Albert P. van Goudoever, The Limits of Destalinization in the Soviet Union. Translated by Frans Hijkoop. London: Croom Helm, 1986, viii + 276 pp., £25.00.

Donald Filtzer, Soviet Workers and Stalinist Industrialization: the Formation of Modern Soviet Production Relations, 1928–1941, London: Pluto Press, 1986, vi + 338 pp., £25.00.

William Chase, Workers, Society, and the Soviet State. Labor and Life in Moscow, 1918–1929. Urbana, Il.: University of Illinois Press, 1987, xviii + 344 pp., $29.90.

Catherine Andreyev, Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement: Soviet Reality and Emigre Theories. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987, xiv + 251 pp., h/b £25.00, $34.50.

Olimpiad S. Ioffe and Mark W. Janis, eds. Soviet Law and Economy. Law in Eastern Europe Series, no. 32. Dordrecht, Holland: Martinus Nijhoff, 1986, xii + 335 pp., £58.75.

A. Hewett, ed., Energy Economics and Foreign Policy in the Soviet Union. Washington DC: The Brookings Institution, 1984, xi + 228 pp., £12.85 p/b, £34–00 h/b.

George W. Hoffman (with contributions by Leslie Dienes), The European Energy Challenge: East and West. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1985, xvi + 207 pp., £34.75.

Carl H. McMillan, Multinationals from the Second World. London: Macmillan, 1987, xvi + 220pp., £29.50.

Sergio Alessandrini and Bruno Dallago, eds., The Unofficial Economy: Consequences and Perspectives in Different Economic Systems. Aldershot: Gower, 1987, 345 pp., £22.50.

A. James McAdams, East Germany and Detente: Building Authority after the Wall. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, xi + 233 pp., £25.00, $34.00.

Karel Kaplan, The Short March, The Communist Takeover in Czechoslovakia 1945–1948. London: C. Hurst & Company, 1987. xvi + 207 pp., £16.50.

D. Turnock, The Romanian Economy in the Twentieth Century, Basingstoke, Kent: Croom Helm, 1986, xx + 296 pp., £27.95.

John Hiden, The Baltic states and Weimar Ostpolitik. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987, xi + 276 pp., £25.00.

Jan F. Triska, ed., Dominant Powers and Subordinate States: the United States in Latin America and the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe, Duke University Press, 1986, 504 pp. £48.90 h/b, £14.40 p/b.

Rasul B. Rais, The Indian Ocean and the Superpowers. Economic, Political and Strategic Perspectives, London: Croom Helm, 1986, 215 pp., £25.00.

Vera Broido, Lenin and the Mensheviks. The Persecution of Socialists Under Bolshevism, Hants: Gower/Maurice Temple Smith, 1987, 224 pp. £17.50.

J. P. Roos and Andrzej Sicinski. Ways of Life in Finland and Poland. Gower, Aldershot and Vermont: 1987, viii + 203 pp., £18.50.     

Reviews

Christopher Saunders (ed.), Eastern Europe in Crisis and the Way Out. London: Macmillan, 1995, ix + 525 pp., £50.00.

Bernard Chavance, The Transformation of Communist Systems: Economic Reform since the 1950s, trans. Charles Hauss, Boulder: Westview Press, 1994, xi + 225 pp., £13.50.

Paul J. J. Welfens & Piotr Jasinski, Privatization and Foreign Direct Investment in Transforming Economies. Aldershot, Brookfield, Singapore, Sydney: Dartmouth, 1994; xix + 295 pp.

Geoffrey Pridham, Eric Herring & George Sanford (eds), Building Democracy? The International Dimension of Democratisation in Eastern Europe. London: Leicester University Press, 1994, viii + 224 pp., £37.50

M. Steven Fish, Democracy from Scratch: Opposition and Regime in the New Russian Revolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995. x + 300 pp., $39.50, £30.00.

Thomas Parland, The Rejection in Russia of Totalitarian Socialism and Liberal Democracy: A Study of the Russian New Right. Helsinki: The Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters (Societas Scientiarum Fennica), Commentationes Scientiarum Socialium 46, 1993, 255 pp., no price.

Mark Galeotti, The Age of Anxiety: Security and Politics in Soviet and Post‐Soviet Russia. London: Longman, 1995, xi + 219 pp., £29.99 h/b, £10.99 p/b.

James G. Richter, Khrushchev's Double Bind: International Pressures and Domestic Coalition Politics. Baltimore MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994, xi + 263 pp., £37.00.

Jon Jacobson, When the Soviet Union Entered World Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994, xi + 343 pp.

Robert Zuzowski, Political Dissent and Opposition in Poland: The Workers’ Defense Committee “KOR”. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1992, ix + 293 pp. $65.00.

Ya. Ya. Grishin, Dramaticheskie sobytiya v Pol'she, 1980–1981 gg. Kazan: Izdatel'stvo Kazanskogo Universiteta, 1993, 240 pp.

Robert J. Brym with the assistance of Rozalina Ryvkina, The Jews of Moscow, Kiev and Minsk: Identity, Antisemitism, Emigration. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan in association with the Institute of Jewish Affairs, 1994, xvi + 142 pp.

Allan Laine Kagedan, Soviet Zion: The Quest for a Russian Jewish Homeland. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1994, xii + 157 pp. £30.00.

Erich E. Haberer, Jews and Revolution in Nineteenth‐Century Russia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995, xv + 346 pp. £40.00, $59.95.

Mary Buckley, Redefining Russian Society and Polity. Boulder: Westview Press, 1993, xvii + 346 pp., £13.50.

Frederic J. Fleron & Erik P. Hoffman (eds), Post‐Communist Studies and Political Science. Methodology and Empirical Theory in Sovietology. Oxford: Westview Press, 1993, xv + 387 pp., £39.95 h/b, £14.95 p/b.

Chris Ward, Stalin's Russia. London: Edward Arnold, 1993, xxii + 241 pp., £10.99 p/b.

J. T. Costlow, S. Sandier & J. Vowles (eds), Sexuality and the Body in Russian Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, 346 pp. + index, £30.00.

Larisa Vasil'eva, Kremlevskie zheny: Fakty, vospominaniya, dokumenty, slukhi, legendy, I vzglyad avtora, Moscow: Vagrius, 1992, 544 pp.

Larissa Vasilieva, Kremlin Wives, translated by Cathy Porter, New York: Arcade, 1994, xvii + 251 pp.     

Book reviews

Michael Cox, US Foreign Policy After the Cold War; Superpower Without a Mission?, (Pinter, London 1995). 148pp. ISBN 1–85567–221–9.

Philip John Davies (ed), An American Quarter Century: US Politics From Vietnam to Clinton, (Manchester University Press, Manchester 1995). 279pp. ISBN 0–7190–4514–2.

Goran Therborn, European Modernity and Beyond: The Trajectory of European Societies, (Sage, London 1995). 403pp. ISBN 8039 8934 2.

John McGarry and Brendan O'Leary, Explaining Northern Ireland, (Blackwell, Oxford 1995). 535pp. ISBN 0–631–18349–3.

Jerzy Szacki, Liberalism After Communism, (Central European Press, Budapest 1995). 216pp. ISBN 1–85866–015–7 (hb), 1–85866–016–5 (pb).

Janusz Bugajski, Nations in Turmoil: Conflict and Cooperation in Eastern Europe, second edition, (Westview Press, Boulder 1995). 265pp. ISBN 0–8133–2351–7 (hb), 0–8133–2350–9 (pb).

Jeremy Lester, Modern Tsars and Princes: The Struggle for Hegemony in Russia, (Verso, London 1995). 320pp. ISBN 1–85984–039–6 (pb).     

The Clash between Security and Liberty in the U.S. Response to Terror

This study examines U.S. public opinion on civil liberties and security in response to the politically pivotal events of September 11, 2001—what shape it is in, what shapes it, and what it shapes. Public opinion is a critical restraint on political and administrative action today because so many regulators, rule makers, and law enforcers are making decisions or advocating policies that directly affect the balance between liberty and security. The general importance that is popularly attributed to terrorism is gauged by its ranking among the most important problems. The ostensibly contradictory public attitudes toward civil liberties are analyzed, as is the supposed inconsistency between perceived personal impact and the general significance attributed to the attacks. The data rebut the allegation that the public is readily disposed to restrict civil liberties as the price of security. Findings show the public does not perceive a personal or immediate threat to civil liberties. The implications for further research and good governance are laid out.     

Reviews

Michael Mandelbaum (ed.), Post‐Communism: Four Perspectives. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1996, vi + 208 pp.

Raymond Taras, Consolidating Democracy in Poland. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996, xii + 276 pp., £44.50 h/b, £13.50 p/b.

Jane Leftwich Curry & Luba Fajfer (eds), Poland's Permanent Revolution: People vs. Elites, 1956–1990. Lanham: American University Press, 1995, x + 294 pp., $64.50 h/b, $27.50 p/b.

Ben Slay (ed.), De‐monopolization and Competition Policy in Post‐Communist Economies. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996, ix + 245 pp.

Éva Ehrlich & Gabor Révész, Hungary and its Prospects, 1985–2005. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1995, 166 pp., $29.00.

Simon Clarke (ed.), Conflict and Change in the Russian Industrial Enterprise. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1996, ix + 298 pp., £45.00.

Maurice Ernst, Michael Alexeev & Paul Marer, Transforming the Core: Restructuring Industrial Enterprises in Russia and Central Europe. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996, xx + 315 pp., £13.50.

John S. Strong & John R. Meyer, Moving to Market: Restructuring Transport in the Former Soviet Union. London: Harvard University Press, 1996, ix + 237 pp, £19.95.

Raymond J. Struyk (ed.), Economic Restructuring of the Former Soviet Bloc. The Case of Housing. Washington: The Urban Institute Press, 1996, xviii + 373 pp., £51.95 h/b, £22.95 p/b.

Istvan Pogany (ed.), Human Rights in Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1995, xv + 255 pp., £39.95.

Lucjan Dobroszycki & Jeffrey S. Gurock (eds), The Holocaust in the Soviet Union. Studies and Sources on the Destruction of the Jews in the Nazi‐Occupied Territories of the USSR, 1941–1945. London: M. E. Sharpe, 1993, xii + 260 pp., $59.95 h/b, $24.95 p/b.

Robert Bideleux & Richard Taylor (eds), European Integration and Disintegration: East and West. London and New York: Routledge, 1996, xii + 298 pp., £45.00 h/b, £13.99 p/b.

F. Stephen Larrabee (ed.), The Volatile Powder Keg: Balkan Security after the Cold War. Washington, DC: The American University Press, 1994, xxviii + 320 pp., $27.50.

John F. Wright, Suzanne Goldenberg & Richard Schofield (eds), Transcaucasian Boundaries. London: UCL Press, 1996, vii + 237 pp.

Juris Dreifelds, Latvia in Transition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1996, ix + 214 pp., £40.00 h/b, £14.95 p/b.

Alfred Erich Senn, Gorbachev's Failure in Lithuania. New York: St Martin's Press, 1995, xx + 188 pp., $39.95.

Neil Melvin, Russians beyond Russia: The Politics of National Identity. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1995, vi + 170 pp., £11.99.

Kathleen E. Smith, Remembering Stalin's Victims. Popular Memory and the End of the USSR. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996, xv + 220 pp., £23.50.

Martin McCauley, Stalin and Stalinism, 2nd edn. London and New York: Longman, 1995, xiii + 142 pp., £5.99.

Christopher Read, From Tsar to Soviets. The Russian People and Their Revolution, 1917–1921. London: UCL Press, 1996, vi + 330 pp.

C. M. Hann, The Skeleton at the Feast. Contributions to East European Anthropology. Canterbury: Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing, University of Kent at Canterbury, 1995, xv + 250 pp., £10.00.

Irena Maryniak, Spirit of the Totem: Religion and Myth in Soviet Fiction, 1964–1988. London: The Modern Humanities Research Association, Texts and Dissertations Series, Volume 39, 1995, x + 186 pp., £25.00.

Nancy Condee (ed.), Soviet Hieroglyphics: Visual Culture in Late Twentieth‐Century Russia. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1995, xxv + 179 pp., £14.99.     

Looking Good: The Lesbian Gaze and Fashion Imagery

This paper is concerned with the different forms of pleasure and identification activated in the consumption of dominant and subcultural print media. It centres on an analysis of the lesbian visual pleasures generated through the reading of fashion editorial in the new lesbian and gay lifestyle magazines. This consideration of the lesbian gaze is contrasted to the lesbian visual pleasures obtained from an against the grain reading of mainstream women's fashion magazines. The development of the lesbian and gay lifestyle magazines, in the context of the pink pound, produces a situation in which an eroticized lesbian visual pleasure is the overt remit of the magazine, rather than a clandestine pleasure obtained through a transgressive reading of dominant cultural imagery. In contrast to the polysemic free-play of fashion fantasy by which readers produce lesbian pleasure in the consumption of mainstream magazines, responses to the fashion content in the lesbian magazine Diva suggest that in a subcultural context readers deploy a realist mode of reading that demands a monosemic positive images iconography. The article uses the concept of subcultural competency to consider the different ways lesbians read mainstream and subcultural print media and suggests that the conflict over Diva's fashion spreads may be linked to changing patterns of identification and the use of dress for recognizability.     

Public Service 2000 and cultural change in the Department of National Defence

Abstract: External changes are challenging fundamental management practices of the Department of National Defence that have been in place since the unification of the military services and creation of National Defence Headquarters over the years 1964–72. Trends in management thinking such as empowerment, total quality management, and learning organizations should cause DND senior management to review many of these practices. More directly, initiatives undertaken by the federal government under the aegis of the Public Service 2000 white paper may challenge certain DND practices, but paradoxically may also be of benefit to a large, decentralized military/public service organization. Sommaire: Des changements en provenance de l'extérieur mettent à l'epreuve les pratiques fondamentales de gestion du ministère de la Défense nationale, pratiques qui existaient depuis l'unification des services militaires et la création du Quartier général de la Défense nationale entre les années 1964–1972. En effet, les courants de pensée en gestion, tels que l'habilitation, la gestion de la qualité totale et les organisations d'apprentissage devraient mener la haute direction du MDN à revoir bon nombre de ces pratiques. Plus directement, des initiatives entreprises par le gouvernement fédéral dans le cadre du Livre blanc “ Fonction publique 2000 ” sont directement contraires à de nombreuses pratiques actuelles du MDN, mais, de maniere assez paradoxale, elles pourraient aussi être utiles à une organisation à la fois militaire et de service public, et qui est décentralisée et de grande taille.