三个单位点DNA杂交联合应用的研究

本文从一些多态位点中筛选出在中国人群中，对于同一种限制酶HaeⅢ酶解都能检出良好多态性的三个单位点探针（PMLJ14、PYNH24、α－globin－3’HVR）。对这三个位点的等位基因频率进行了调查．用DNA指纹自动识别系统进行了数据处理，各位点的数据如下：PMLJ14、杂合度94％，等位基因频率分布0．002～0．051；PYNH24：杂合度89％，等位基因频率分布0．003～0．152；α－globin-3’HVR：杂合度78％，等位基因频率分布0．003～0．077。分析15个家系，未见到变异发生，符合孟德尔遗传规律。这三个位点个人识别中的累加机率是：1．7×10-5～2．1×10-14。     

Surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies in medicolegal autopsies in Finland--monitoring early changes in HIV-seropositivity among risk groups and average population.

In order to cooperate with voluntary screening programs aimed at the surveillance of the HIV epidemic in Finland, we have studied medicolegal autopsies for HIV antibodies since 1986 using an enzyme immunoassay on postmortem sera. The investigation covered 47.4% and 39.2%, respectively, of all deaths under the age of 65 years in the metropolitan areas of Helsinki and Turku--two cities on the densely populated southern coast of Finland from which most HIV infections have thus far been detected. Nine HIV-positive cases (0.12%) were detected among the 7305 medicolegal autopsies tested in 1986 to 1990. This figure is higher than the prevalence of 0.01 to 0.03% in voluntary screening programs for the general population would suggest. Seven of our cases had previously tested positive, and two were previously unknown cases, indicating that people at high risk are clustered in the medicolegal autopsy series. Of the six cases in an early stage of infection, three committed suicide suggesting the importance of HIV-screening in suicide cases in tracing symptomless HIV carriers. Five of the cases were detected in 1990, a year when the number of new HIV infections had more than doubled compared to the previous two years. This suggests that testing of medicolegal autopsies as surrogate tests for the population gives useful information even in low-prevalence areas like Finland. Such testing has none of the ethical problems of many other back-up surveys, and may be particularly sensitive to early changes in epidemiology.     

Should Abused Women's Reports of Partner Substance Abuse Be Accepted as Valid?

Current research suggests that a husband's substance abuse is correlated with severity of physical abuse and the woman's decision to leave a violent situation. Often, only the battered woman's report of abuse is available. This study compares women's reports of their partners' substance use/abuse with their partners' report using a brief measure of polydrug and alcohol abuse, the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS). Data were analyzed for 25 recovery couples and 25 nonrecovery couples. The correlations for all 50 couples between the male's reported use and the female's report of her partner's use on the SASSI and the CTS were significant on all but one of the CTS scales. They ranged on SASSI from .73 to .33 and from .31 to .06 on the CTS. This suggests that the SASSI and possibly the CTS could be used as valuable tools for assessing women's reports of their partner's substance use/abuse.     

努力开创社区思想政治工作新渠道

当前,社区思想政治工作面临全方位的整合与结构调整,必须通过创新,才能更上一层楼。创新渠道有强化权责分明的领导责任制、优化组织协调机制、健全信息和反馈机制、完善监督考评机制和保障机制等。     

关于中华民族凝聚力中国内民族因素的几个问题

中华民族凝聚力的国内民族因素问题丰富和复杂.民族素质是中华民族凝聚力的重要内容,民族素质状况制约着中华民族凝聚力的强弱,提高民族素质是增强中华民族凝聚力的重要途径;中华民族内部的族际关系是中华民族凝聚力的极为重要的表现,中华民族内部族际关系的好否,是中华民族凝聚力强弱的重要反映,发展族际的平等、和谐、团结、互助、协作关系,对于增强中华民族凝聚力具有重大的意义;各民族的发展繁荣是中华民族凝聚力的基础,只有加快少数民族和民族地区的发展,缩小差距,才能实现各民族的全面发展,共同富裕,共同繁荣.     

不能犯的可罚危险判断

不能犯,是指行为不能对刑法所保护的法益造成现实侵害的状况。不能犯应否构成犯罪,是不能犯的根本问题。在这个问题上,可能存在的将不能犯全部作为不可罚的非罪的观点与将所有的不能犯均作为犯罪的观点处于对立的两极,而这样的两极在现实中并不存在:即使是最极端的观点,也不认为将迷信犯作为犯罪合理(成罪的场合),或者将所有的非实害犯均当作非罪的理论观点与立法例合理。依据社会一般人的认识进行事前判断,同时考虑行为人的特别认识作为危险的判断标准是合适的。划分一般的未遂犯与可罚的不能犯相区别的主张,对不能犯在处罚上轻于一般未遂犯是合理的。     

从科学发展观看主导价值观建构的指导思想和原则

科学发展观的提出为社会主义主导价值观的建构奠定了坚实的理论基础,提供了原则指导,有利于缓和当前的社会矛盾和价值冲突。因此,牢固树立和全面落实科学发展观,对于科学建构社会主义主导价值观具有重大而深远的意义。     

《德伯家的苔丝》一文中的原型意象

托马斯.哈代是一位伟大的小说家,其作品《德伯家的苔丝》是一部经典的爱情小说,他利用原形批评这种文学手段,在其作品中渗透了多种原型意象,如颜色、太阳、以及圣经原型。《圣经》对哈代的思想有着深远持久的影响,他借助圣经中的神化原形意象,渲染了苔丝悲剧性的命运,揭露了当时社会的丑陋罪行。《德伯家的苔丝》不仅仅是一部爱情小说,同时也是一部关于自然,关于宗教的小说,这也是这部作品能够经久不衰的原因所在。