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Samuel S. Lieberman 《公共行政管理与发展》1985,5(2):109-127
This paper examines the implementation of the Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS), the large scale rural works programme in operation since 1974 in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The analysis of programme management and execution of individual EGS projects draws on the experiences and observations of the unique cadre of employment officers, from different departments, with field-level responsibilities. The first section of the paper describes the organization which administers EGS and reviews the body of directives which guides EGS field operations. Subsequent sections discuss the background characteristics of field functionaries and focus on various problems encountered and solutions adopted by these officers in implementing EGS projects. The discretionary powers enjoyed by field officers as a result of the absence or impracticality of government guidelines for many issues influence the implementation of the project and make officials vulnerable to political pressures. The implications of this discretion need to be recognized by the Government of Maharashtra. Knowledge gained from EGS operations needs to be used to prepare officials for project work. 相似文献
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Enhancing current explanations of domestic violence exposure effects on child cognitive and behavioral functioning was the
purpose of this investigation. Participants were 31 domestic violence exposed and 31 non-exposed children ages 3 to 5 years
and their single-parent household mothers. Child-mother pairs were matched for child’s age, gender, and ethnicity, mother’s
age and education, and annual family income. Child cognitive and behavioral functioning was assessed via psychological assessment
and parent report. The presence of mental health difficulties in mothers was assessed using self-report and clinician-administered
instruments. Exposed children showed lower verbal functioning and higher internalizing behaviors than did their non-exposed
peers. Exposed mothers displayed greater psychological difficulties than did their counterparts. 相似文献
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Carla Smith Stover Patricia Van Horn Alicia F. Lieberman 《Journal of family violence》2006,21(6):417-424
The play of young children has long been used clinically to understand children’s experiences and inner feelings. More recently,
children’s play has been examined quantitatively to understand differences due to varying backgrounds, family relationships,
etc. Forty preschool children (21 girls and 19 boys) aged 27 to 71 months from families with histories of domestic violence
were observed using a play interview, The MacArthur Story Stem Battery, to determine if severity of violence, frequency of
visitation with their previously violent fathers, and mother-child relationship functioning impacted how parents were represented
in play. Overall, girls represented their parents more positively regardless of other family circumstances. Boys, especially
those who did not visit regularly with their fathers, had negative representations of their mothers. Severity of violence
did not predict negative parental representations in the sample. 相似文献
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The social science literature on the comparative history of the welfare state offers conflicting accounts of the relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom. At first blush, the comparative history of health care policy in the United States and the United Kingdom seems to affirm the dominant view that the U.S. and U.K. welfare states have diverged substantially during the twentieth century. A comparison of U.S. and U.K. health policy, however, suggests that there are more parallels and points of tangency between the two systems than are readily apparent. The comparative history of health policy over the past century reveals common political and policy challenges and frequent interchanges of policy ideas, and helps uncover the political dynamics behind the development of health policy in the two countries, which can, in turn, help illuminate the contemporary politics of reform in both countries. 相似文献
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Robert E. Wenk M.D. M.S. Michael Baird Ph.D. John Peterson Ph.D. Debra Davis Ph.D. Richard Lieberman M.D. Janice M. Maly B.S. Lindsey J. Campbell B.S. Kathy K. Fox B.S. Kristin A. Schelling M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2020,65(4):1346-1349
We were presented with the STR (short tandem repeat) profiles from two separate paternity trios. Each trio consisted of a mother, an alleged father, and products of conception (POC) that contained a hydatidiform mole but no visible fetus. In both cases , antecedent pregnancies had followed alleged sexual assaults. Mole classification and pathogenesis are described in order to explain the analyses and statistical reasoning used in each case. One mole exhibited several loci with two different paternal alleles, indicating it was a dispermic (heterozygous) mole. Maternal decidua contaminated the POC, preventing the identification of paternal obligate alleles (POAs) at some loci. The other mole exhibited only one paternal allele/locus at all loci and no maternal alleles, indicating it was a diandric and diploid (homozygous) mole. In each case, traditional calculations were used to determine paternity indices (PIs) at loci that exhibited one paternal allele/locus. PIs at mole loci with two different paternal alleles/locus were calculated from formulas first used for child chimeras that are always dispermic. Combined paternity indices in both mole cases strongly supported the paternity of each suspect. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to identify aspects of family relationships that may protect young children from the pathogenic
effects of family violence. Using a sample of 30 preschool-age children whose mothers were physically abused by a partner,
we investigated the associations between children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems and: (1) the quality
of the mother–child relationship, and (2) mothers’ attunement to their child’s sad and angry emotions. Results indicated that
clinician ratings of the mother–child relationship, and mothers’ attunement to their child’s experience of emotion each made
a unique contribution to the prediction of children’s externalizing behavior. These relationships remained robust, even after
taking the severity of domestic violence reported by mothers into consideration. Maternal attunement, however, did not mediate
the relationship between marital conflict and children’s behavior problems. No significant link was found between children’s
internalizing behavior and maternal attunement to their children’s sadness and anger. Additional findings suggested that mothers
with a PTSD diagnosis tended to be less attuned to their child’s experience of sadness.
This investigation was supported by grants from the Irving B. Harris Foundation, the Pinewood Foundation, the Miriam and Peter
Haas Foundation, and a REAC Award from the University of California, San Francisco to the second author. 相似文献
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Alexander J. Tymchuk Cathy M. Lang Shannon E. Sewards Scott Lieberman Sue Koo 《Journal of family violence》2003,18(4):241-252
This paper describes the development and validation of the Home Inventory for Dangers and Safety Precautions – Illustrated Version to be used with parents whose children are at significant risk for home injury. Because illustrations are useful in facilitating learning by parents who have difficulty ensuring child and self home safety, colored illustrations representing 6 home rooms or areas were empirically developed for assessment purposes. The dangers depicted were selected from previous work and represented those associated with the majority of family home injuries. Score-sheets contained dangers and associated precautions administered to 62 referred young parents. Administration and psychometric characteristics were examined; specific hypotheses were tested. Obtained measures of internal consistency for dangers and precautions for all illustrations (except for Stairway) and for totals were satisfactory. Administration was suitable for use with this population. Parents were able to identify approximately half of the depicted dangers while being able to provide a suitable precaution for 40%. Reading comprehension was predictive of danger identification whereas reading recognition was predictive of precautions given. The HIDSP-IV is useful in assessing a parent's knowledge of dangers and precautions from which more individualized home safety instruction can occur. 相似文献
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