中国经济奇迹的福祸论——对两篇关于中国对非洲影响方面文章的评介

近年来,随着“中国经济奇迹”越来越多地受到世界关注,关于中国对世界影响的文章也纷纷出炉,所谓的“中国威胁论”就是各种论说中具有代表性的一种。此外,针对中国经济发展模式,又先后出现了“北京共识(Bei-jing Consensus)”、“北京经验”和中国模式(China’s Mode)等等说法。本文简要归纳和介绍两篇从经济学角度评述中国经济奇迹影响的文章,并对其中若干观点进行必要的评价,旨在使中国读者从中窥见西方学者关注中国发展的不同角度,从而澄清有关事实,并加深中外人士之间的沟通和理解。一詹金斯(Rhys Jenkins)是英国东安格里亚大学(UEA…     

邓小平民主党派监督思想探析

民主党派的监督是民主党派作为参政党的根本职能,是我国监督体系的有机组成部分.邓小平关于发挥民主党派监督作用有诸多论述,言辞恳切,用心良苦,是邓小平依法治国思想中民主监督思想之奇葩.深入学习领会邓小平关于加强民主党派监督思想,对充分发挥民主党派监督作用,对贯彻落实科学发展观,对推进政治文明建设,对提高党的执政能力和执政水平具有重要意义.     

税收执法不严的法律经济分析

税收流失问题是我国乃至世界上许多国家都存在的现象,税收执法不严是其成因之一。从法律经济学的角度对税收执法不严进行相应的分析可以进行更有效地防范。征税主体主观执法不严与其客观执法不严都有不同的成因,对此所采取的对策也应区别对待。     

证人拒绝作证之对策研究

证人拒绝作证是困惑司法实践特别是刑事侦查的突出问题,这与依法治国的基本方略和建设和谐社会的要求格格不入,必须予以彻底改变.然而,证人拒绝作证的原因是多方面的,因此应从安全保护、经济补偿、法律制裁、改进方法以及强化观念等方面着手,使证人及时作证,从而尽快结束诉讼.     

"First pass phenomenon" of inhaled gas in the fire victims

We investigated the differences in the levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), cyanide (HCN) and petroleum fuels (gasoline and kerosene) between left and right ventricular bloods from fire victims. COHb was slightly, and HCN and petroleum fuels were markedly higher levels in the left than those in the right. These effects were so called 'first pass phenomena' due to the circulation, diffusion and metabolization before the deaths of fire victims.     

Acidic and neutral drugs screen in blood with quantitation using microbore high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection and capillary gas chromatography–flame ionization detection

Blood previously acidified with aqueous saturated ammonium chloride solution was extracted with ethyl acetate. The dried extract was subjected to acetonitrile–hexane partition. The acetonitrile portion was analysed for the presence of acidic and neutral drugs by HPLC–DAD (200 mm×2.1 mm I.D. microbore ODS-Hypersil column) and GC–FID (25 m narrow-bore×0.25 mm I.D. HP-5 column with 0.33 μm film thickness). The protocol was found to be suitable for both clinical toxicology (including emergency toxicology) and postmortem toxicology. At least 66 drugs of interest were unequivocally identified by RRTs (HPLC) and UV spectra (DAD) match while another 12 were unequivocally identified by double RRTs match (HPLC and GC). Quantitation was facilitated by incorporating calibration blood standards in each assay batch. The five drugs most commonly encountered in clinical blood specimens (1150 cases) were: paracetamol (47.4% of the cases); chlormezanone (6.6%), theophylline (1.74%), naproxen (1.65%) and mefenamic acid (1.56%). The following drugs were detected in toxicologically significant quantities in postmortem blood specimens (245 cases): phenobarbitone (1.22% of the cases), naproxen (0.82%), chlormezanone (0.82%), theophylline (0.82%), carbamazepine (0.41%) and paracetamol (0.41%).     

Men and women's attributions of blame for domestic violence

Attributions of blame for the first and latest episodes of violence were assessed in a sample of 139 couples who were referred to a mandatory domestic violence treatment program in the military. Use of a methodology which allows for reports of nonmutually exclusive categories of attribution from both members of the dyad revealed more complex patterns of attributions than reflected in the existing literature. In addition, there were low rates of agreement within couples as to who was to blame for the violence. Although both men and women exhibited a high frequency of blaming their partner for both episodes of violence, men were significantly more likely to blame themselves for the latest than for the first episode. Attributions of blame were related to contextual variables in both men and women. Sex specific relationships emerged. These results were discussed with specific reference to predictions derived from attribution theory and their clinical implications.     

Isolation of the DNA minisatellite probe MZ 1.3 and its application to DNA 'fingerprinting' analysis

A minisatellite probe, MZ 1.3, detecting hypervariable fragment patterns was isolated from a human genomic library. A repetitive sequence of 27 bp length was identified which is contained in the probe approx. 40 times. The MZ 1.3 repeat shows variable homology of 53-73% to the repetitive sequence of the protein III gene of the bacteriophage M13 genome. Polymorphic restriction fragment patterns were found with MZ 1.3 using the enzymes Hinf I, BstN I, Hae III, Mbo I, PstI/Pvu II, and Rsa I. An average of 18 polymorphic fragments was observed using Hinf I as enzyme. The band sharing frequency after Hinf I digestion among unrelated individuals was determined to be 23.8 +/- 7.2%. An example for the application of MZ 1.3 to paternity testing in an incest case is given. The probe can be used with radioactive or non-radioactive detection systems. An approach is presented to compare polymorphic fragment patterns from individuals obtained by independent gel runs on the basis of relative band positions (RBP) and calculated in a computerized analysis.