村民自治背景下实现“两委”关系正常化的路径选择

实现党的支部委员会和村民委员会关系(简称“两委关系”)的正常化,是完善村民自治制度的需要。实现“两委”关系正常化的基本路径:一是“两委”班子成员必须转变思维定势;二是必须按照法律和党章规定明确“两委”的具体分工;三是必须建立确保“两委”班子工作关系正常化的协调机制;四是必须加强对村干部的教育培训;五是必须充分发挥乡镇党委的领导作用和乡镇政府的指导作用。     

Interpersonal Correlates of Peer Victimization Among Young Adolescents

Empathy, prosocial behavior, the number of friends, self-reported popularity, and various forms of interpersonal forgiveness were examined as predictors of peer victimization among 52 7th and 8th graders attending a private school. Popularity was the strongest individual predictor of teacher-reported victimization with high popularity associated with low victimization. Malestudents reported significantly higher rates of victimization than females, prompting the decision to examine correlates of self-reported victimization separately by gender. Interpersonal forgiveness scores were the strongest predictors of self-reported victimization; however, different forms of forgiveness were the greatest predictors of male and female self-reported victimization. Implications are discussed.     

The Positive Psychology of Interested Adolescents

Using the experience sampling method (ESM) and a diverse national sample of young people, this study identifies two groups of adolescents: those who experience chronic interest in everyday life experiences and another who experience widespread boredom. These groups are compared against several measures of psychological well-being: global self-esteem, locus of control, and emotions regarding one's future prospects. It is hypothesized that a generalized chronic experience of interest, an innate physiological function, can be used as a signal for a larger measure of psychological health, while chronic boredom is a sign of psychic dysfunction. A strong association between the experience of interest and well-being was found.     

Voting May Be Habit-Forming: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

Habit is a frequently mentioned but understudied cause of political action. This article provides the first direct test of the hypothesis that casting a ballot in one election increases one's propensity to go to the polls in the future. A field experiment involving 25,200 registered voters was conducted prior to the November general election of 1998. Subjects were randomly assigned to treatment conditions in which they were urged to vote through direct mail or face-to-face canvassing. Compared to a control group that received no contact, the treatment groups were significantly more likely to vote in 1998. The treatment groups were also significantly more likely to vote in local elections held in November of 1999. After deriving a statistical estimator to isolate the effect of habit, we find that, ceteris paribus, voting in one election substantially increases the likelihood of voting in the future. Indeed, the influence of past voting exceeds the effects of age and education reported in previous studies.     

义务冲突研究

义务冲突作为排除犯罪性事由之一种在西方刑法学界是一个颇有争议的领域,我国学界对此则涉足甚少。在研究方法上,尤其是我国刑法学界对此多作静态意义的研究,没有从符合构成要件行为与排除犯罪性事由这种立体动态的关系中对其进行思考,我们愿稍作尝试。     

Legal Constraints and the Choice of Educational Grant Structures

Recent empirical work suggests that legalconstraints are significant in choosingstate educational grant structures. Unfortunately, the literature has not takensuch constraints into account, thus callinginto question particular grant structurerecommendations. This paper studies theconditions under which a legislature, underorder to reform its educational grantstructure, prefers foundation grants overdistrict power equalization grants. Atheoretical model is presented in which thechoice is shown to depend on the legalbasis of the court's decision, and theempirical validity of this conclusion isdemonstrated using Connecticut data and aseparate model of school districtexpenditure choice.     

行政价值观乃公共行政之"魂"

行政价值观是公共行政学的一个基本理论问题。从某种意义上说 ,行政价值观是公共行政之“魂”。这是因为 :从行政主体角度看 ,行政价值观是根据性的 ;从行政管理过程看 ,行政价值观是引导性的 ;从行政文化环境看 ,行政价值观是统摄性的。     

关于刑法适用范围理解和立法完善的几点思考

刑法的适用范围 ,又称刑法的效力范围 ,是指刑法在时间与空间上的效力。比较新旧刑法对刑法适用范围的规定 ,变动较大 ,有些内容需要正确理解 ;比较国内外刑法及结合刑法理论 ,刑法关于适用范围的规定尚有应完善之处。     

试析刑事犯罪特点与打击犯罪对策

中国的刑事犯罪在新的形势下具有新的特点和表现形式。公安工作中也存在着警察素质不高、公安信息网络建设不完善、证据综合运用差、基础性研究薄弱等问题。只有通过大力发展警察素质教育 ,重视和加强信息资源共享工作 ,加大对各种犯罪规律和特点的研究力度 ,加强刑事技术各门学科的基础性研究 ,重视证据的综合利用 ,既能为案件侦破提供信息保障 ,也能为新技术的推广提供科学保障 ,全面提高公安队伍的整体作战水平 ,从而实现有效打击犯罪的目的