POLICY MODELING TO SUPPORT ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONMAKING ON THE NEW YORK STATE HIV TESTING LAW

A recent New York law requires medical providers to offer HIV tests as part of routine care. We developed a system dynamics simulation model of the HIV testing and care system to help administrators understand the law's potential epidemic impact, resource needs, strategies to improve implementation, and appropriate outcome indicators for future policy evaluations once postlaw data become available. Policy modeling allowed us to synthesize information from numerous sources including quantitative administrative data sets and practitioners’ content expertise, structure the information to be viewed both numerically and visually, and organize consensus for decisionmaking purposes. This case illustrates how policy modeling can provide an integrated framework for administrators to examine policy problems in complex systems, particularly when data time lags limit pre–post comparisons and key outcomes cannot be measured directly.     

Play to the Whistle: A Pilot Investigation of a Sports-Based Intervention for Traumatized Girls in Residential Treatment

Adolescents in residential treatment settings have symptoms that prevent them from participation in normal youth activities, which in turn prevent development of social skills and competencies. A sports-based intervention called “Do the Good” (DtG) was designed for this population using trauma-informed treatment principles. This paper describes the intervention model and presents outcome data. A total of 88 female residential students aged 12 to 21 participated, including 62 students voluntarily enrolled in the sports league and 26 treatment-as-usual (TAU) comparisons. Positive behaviors (e.g., helping peers, perseverance) during games were observed and coded for sports league participants and their coaches. Mental health charts of DtG and TAU participants were reviewed for behavior and symptoms prior to program participation, and again post-program. Girls in the sports league exhibited reductions in restraints and time-outs, as well as internalizing and externalizing symptoms. These data provide evidence that sports-based interventions present a promising adjunctive approach for traumatized youth.     

基于提升公安民警幸福感的阅读疗法研究

近年来,国民幸福感相关研究得到世界各国的重视,公安民警是压力密集型的应急职业,需要健康的心理保证才能适应它,但公安民警的幸福感现状令人担忧,开设心理讲座,开办心理咨询热线,通过专家门诊来缓解警察内心的压力,这是问题的一个方面,但心理的自我调适还是最重要的。表现为个人行为,自我完成的阅读疗法是进行心理自我调适的方法之一,利用阅读疗法提升公安民警幸福感的方法进行研究,以进一步增强警队的战斗力。     

Australia's Progress Undefined: A Critical Review of Measures of Australia's Progress (MAP)

Indicator systems to report on concepts such as sustainability and progress have become a key policy response by governments to concerns over environmental degradation and social and economic instability. When developed by a national bureau, public service imperatives suggest that concepts such as ‘sustainability’ and ‘progress’ should be addressed without offending the ideology of political actors. We offer a case study of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Measures of Australia's Progress (MAP) indicator system. The ABS has chosen to avoid offering a clear definition of what progress means, or a conceptual framework linked to a definition to explain the selection of indicators. ‘Progress’, however, is a socially defined, normative concept. Such concepts cannot be understood without reference to cultural and political processes. By seeking to avoid a perception of cultural or political bias the ABS has limited MAP's capacity to measure progress. We conclude with suggestions on how MAP might be improved.     

《德国民法典》的发展及其评述

<正> 德国的统一与《民法典》的产生 《德国民法典》于1896年公布,从20世纪之始起施行。19世纪70年代前,德国处于尚未统一的割据状态,在当时由普鲁士、奥地利诸候构成的所谓“神圣罗马帝国”,法律是极不统一的,在私法方面,各邦也“各自为政”。但在全德范围内,并存着罗马法和日耳曼法。自18世纪中叶,在德意志各邦中就开始了民法典的编纂活动。巴伐利亚、普鲁士、奥地利等邦在统一前均颁布了各自的民法典。而莱茵河地区在受到拿破仑的法国军队占领后,曾一度适用《拿破仑法典》。在统一前,德国曾有制定民法典的强烈呼声,但未能付诸实施,一方面     

合同自由原则的限制及其与诚实信用原则的关系

<正> 合同自由原则被誉为近代合同法一切制度的核心。它起源于罗马法,伴随资本主义的兴起而获得极大的发展,以《法国民法典》为代表的近代民商法将其奉为合同制度中至高无上的基本原则。然而,进入20世纪后(实际上这种趋势从19世纪末就开始了),合同自由原则受到越来越大的限制。与此同时,诚实信用原则等一般条款在现代合同法中崛起,其适用的结果使得合同制度中出现许多传统合同法理论无法推导出的责任形式,对于合同自由原则进行了全面的修正,其地位之尊,被誉为“帝王条款”。对于这一现象,有人惊呼为“合同的衷落”,甚至“合同的死亡”。笔者以为,现代合同法中合同自由原则的限制及其与诚实信用原则的关系,是合同法的一个基本理论问题。目前,我国正在制订统一的《合同法》,因此,探讨这个问题也不乏现实意义。