全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23248篇 |
免费 | 1343篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 987篇 |
工人农民 | 977篇 |
世界政治 | 1532篇 |
外交国际关系 | 795篇 |
法律 | 15757篇 |
中国共产党 | 3篇 |
中国政治 | 121篇 |
政治理论 | 4239篇 |
综合类 | 180篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 472篇 |
2019年 | 510篇 |
2018年 | 663篇 |
2017年 | 687篇 |
2016年 | 770篇 |
2015年 | 594篇 |
2014年 | 627篇 |
2013年 | 2423篇 |
2012年 | 642篇 |
2011年 | 653篇 |
2010年 | 647篇 |
2009年 | 675篇 |
2008年 | 655篇 |
2007年 | 640篇 |
2006年 | 671篇 |
2005年 | 548篇 |
2004年 | 558篇 |
2003年 | 481篇 |
2002年 | 534篇 |
2001年 | 883篇 |
2000年 | 818篇 |
1999年 | 651篇 |
1998年 | 307篇 |
1997年 | 267篇 |
1996年 | 260篇 |
1995年 | 257篇 |
1994年 | 251篇 |
1993年 | 250篇 |
1992年 | 425篇 |
1991年 | 456篇 |
1990年 | 422篇 |
1989年 | 415篇 |
1988年 | 419篇 |
1987年 | 376篇 |
1986年 | 444篇 |
1985年 | 422篇 |
1984年 | 349篇 |
1983年 | 337篇 |
1982年 | 241篇 |
1981年 | 221篇 |
1980年 | 194篇 |
1979年 | 318篇 |
1978年 | 171篇 |
1977年 | 143篇 |
1976年 | 125篇 |
1975年 | 153篇 |
1974年 | 195篇 |
1973年 | 149篇 |
1972年 | 135篇 |
1971年 | 118篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
861.
RNICE Model: Evaluating the Contribution of Replication Studies in Public Administration and Management Research 下载免费PDF全文
Replication studies relate to the scientific principle of replicability and serve the significant purpose of providing supporting (or contradicting) evidence regarding the existence of a phenomenon. However, replication has never been an integral part of public administration and management research. Recently, scholars have called for more replication, but academic reflections on when replication adds substantive value to public administration and management research are needed. This article presents the RNICE conceptual model, for assessing when and how a replication study contributes knowledge about a social phenomenon and advances knowledge in the public administration and management literatures. The RNICE model provides a vehicle for researchers who seek to evaluate or demonstrate the value of a replication study systematically. The practical application of the model is illustrated using two published replication studies. 相似文献
862.
Leadership of public universities has come under fire—from scandals, from funding, from students, from every direction. Top‐down leadership of institutions of higher education has been described as a “disease.” Shared governance—a mechanism of faculty representation in the leadership and decision‐making processes—a seeming alternative, has been described as “a recipe for paralysis.” In this article, the authors proffer shared leadership as a potential elixir for leading public institutions of higher learning, unleashing creative potential, focusing on pressing strategic imperatives, and enabling sustainable systems that leverage true talent to maximum effect. It is time to move beyond the moribund myth of top‐down heroic leadership and beyond the bureaucratic, political quagmire of the current state of affairs in shared governance. Is shared leadership the answer? 相似文献
863.
Samantha M. Kempker Adam T. Schmidt Erin M. Espinosa 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2017,46(7):1562-1581
Justice-involved youth have high rates of psychiatric diagnoses, and these youth are often placed out-of-home, although evidence identifies several negative implications of juvenile confinement, especially for youth with psychopathology. Furthermore, youth in the justice system may be processed differently based on gender. As males and females tend to manifest symptoms differently, the psychopathology of youth may act to moderate the relationship between gender and placement in the juvenile justice system. The present study used a large, diverse sample (n?=?9?851, 19.8?% female) to examine whether youth placed in various types of out-of-home facilities differed in terms of externalizing, internalizing, substance use, or comorbid disorders, and to determine the predictive value of mental health diagnoses in placement decisions. The moderation effect of psychopathology and substance use on the relationship between gender and placement also was explored. The results indicated that each type of disorder differed across placements, with internalizing being most prevalent in non-secure, and externalizing, comorbid, and substance use being most prevalent in secure settings. Mental health diagnoses improved the prediction of placement in each out-of-home placement beyond legal and demographic factors such that externalizing and substance use disorders decreased the likelihood of placement in non-secure settings, and internalizing, externalizing, and substance use disorders increased the likelihood of placement in secure and state-secure facilities. The relationship between internalizing pathology and placement in more secure facilities was moderated by externalizing pathology. The relationship between gender and placement was significantly moderated by mental health such that females with mental health diagnoses receive less secure placements. Implications for policymakers and practitioners are discussed, as well as implications for reforming juvenile justice within a developmental approach. 相似文献
864.
Alexandre J. S. Morin A. Katrin Arens Christophe Maïano Joseph Ciarrochi Danielle Tracey Philip D. Parker Rhonda G. Craven 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2017,46(4):801-825
Are internalizing and externalizing behavior problems interrelated via mutually reinforcing relationships (with each behavior leading to increases over time in levels of the other behavior) or mutually suppressing relationships (with each behavior leading to decreases over time in levels of the other behavior)? Past research on the directionality of these relationships has led to ambiguous results, particularly in adolescence. Furthermore, the extent to which prior results will generalize to adolescents with low levels of cognitive abilities remains unknown. This second limit is particularly important, given that these adolescents are known to present higher levels of externalizing and internalizing behaviors than their peers with average-to-high levels of cognitive abilities, and that the mechanisms involved in the reciprocal relationships between these two types of behaviors may differ across both populations. This study examines the directionality of the longitudinal relationships between externalizing and internalizing behavior problems as rated by teachers across three measurement waves (corresponding to Grades 8–10) in matched samples of 138 adolescents (34.78?% girls) with low levels of cognitive abilities and 556 adolescents (44.88?% girls) with average-to-high levels of cognitive abilities. The results showed that the measurement structure was fully equivalent across time periods and groups of adolescents, revealing high levels of developmental stability in both types of problems, and moderately high levels of cross-sectional associations. Levels of both internalizing and externalizing behaviors were higher among adolescents with low levels of cognitive abilities relative to those with average-to-high levels of cognitive abilities. Finally, the predictive analyses revealed negative reciprocal longitudinal relationships (i.e., mutually suppressing relationships) between externalizing and internalizing problems, a result that was replicated within samples of adolescents with low, and average-to-high levels of cognitive ability. 相似文献
865.
Schnavia Smith Hatcher Dione Moultrie King Sara Z. Evans LaTonya M. Summers 《Child & Youth Services》2017,38(4):302-317
This study investigated the association between risky sexual behavior and drug use among female youth sentenced to a regional juvenile detention center. Preincarceration behavioral health risk data were collected from a modified version of the Youth Risk Behaviors Surveillance Survey completed by respondents. Almost all of the 105 participants had been detained before their current sentence, more than half of them were sexually active before the age of 13, and 70% had smoked marijuana or drank alcohol by age 14. A regression analysis was conducted to determine if preincarceration sexual health risk behaviors were significant enough to predict continued risk behaviors related to pregnancy, disease prevention, and substance use. Findings indicate that youth detention-based prevention programs should emphasize sexual and drug-risk reduction strategies as a means to reduce risky behaviors for this population. 相似文献
866.
867.
868.
Katherine M. Johnson 《Journal of Gender Studies》2017,26(4):387-401
The new reproductive technologies have made possible various postmodern family forms. I highlight an emerging form that has received little attention: single fathers by choice (SFCs), created by single men using egg donation and surrogacy. I focus on heterosexual SFCs, which have been largely ignored in the scholarly literature even as gay and lesbian parenthood have increasingly become topics of feminist inquiry. This type of fatherhood raises several important questions for gender and family scholars about the ‘traditional’ family, the relationship between masculinity and fatherhood, and men’s own desires for parenthood without a female partner. I analyze US media framing to explore cultural sense-making of SFCs. While media framing cannot tell us about men’s lived experiences as intentional single fathers, it does point to larger discourses that potentially impact these men as they engage in non-normative fathering. I identify three core themes within the media frames: (1) viewing men and women as similar, but ultimately different, (2) addressing the tension between bachelorhood and fatherhood, and (3) representing the gender of paternal desire in multiple, conflicting ways. Overall, I argue that further investigations of SFCs can illuminate issues about men’s desires for children and agency in becoming fathers. 相似文献
869.
Kelly M. McMann 《Democratization》2018,25(1):19-37
Social scientists have been limited in their work by the paucity of global time series data about subnational institutions and practices. Such data could help scholars refine regime typologies, improve theories of democratization and regime change, better understand subnational democracy, and illuminate issues of development, conflict, and governance. This article addresses the lack of data by introducing 22 subnational measures from a new dataset, Varieties of Democracy. Validity tests demonstrate that the measures’ strengths outweigh their weaknesses. The measures excel in covering all subnational levels for most countries, capturing different elements of subnational elections, and including a variety of dimensions of elections and civil liberties. The measures also offer unmatched global and temporal coverage. The article demonstrates how these strengths can provide scholars with the benefits described above. 相似文献
870.