社会发展与代价意识

代价是一种社会历史现象,它的产生与存在具有历史的必然性,它是基于人们具体的价值选择和目的设定而出现的。代价主要有三种基本类型,即人类主体性的缺失,人与人、人与自然之间关系的扭曲,以及人文精神的遮蔽。为了减少代价的付出,需要确立社会经济、政治、文化全面发展的现代化目标。     

微观社会环境与吸毒

吸毒产生的客观原因由宏观社会环境和微观社会环境所构成。而微观社会环境则从一定程度上决定着个体吸毒具体行为的发生。家庭、学校及社区等微观社会环境对个体吸毒行为的产生 :一是有诱感作用 ;二是有染习作用 ;三是有驱动作用。在制定吸毒的有关社会预防对策时 ,除了具有宏观社会环境的预防措施外 ,还应该包括家庭、学校及社区等微观社会环境的预防方法     

Opposition to European integration and fear of loss of national identity: Debunking a basic assumption regarding hostility to the integration project

Abstract.  Opposition to the European integration project can stem from many different sources, but one that appears to be fairly fundamental is the threat that the European Union (EU) poses to long-established national identities. This contention may in fact appear to be so trivial as to make it uninteresting to the social science community. However, this article analyses the degree to which EU citizens do indeed feel their national identities to be under threat by the EU and the effect of such fear on general feelings about the integration process. The impact of fear of loss of national identity due to integration is then compared to the impact of other potential sources of variation in support for the integration project. The results indicate that while large proportions of EU citizens do indeed fear that the EU is threatening their national identity and culture, the effect of this fear on attitudes toward the EU is not all that substantial and other factors play an equal or greater role in explaining individual-level opposition to the EU.     

河南组织机构代码推广应用中的问题与对策

代码推广应用工作是一个复杂的社会系统工程.目前,组织机构代码已在银行、税务、统计、公安、人事、劳动等部门中得到了应用,形成了良好的发展态势.我省的组织机构代码推广应用工作在取得长足进展的同时,还存在着不少的问题,我们要具体问题具体分析,并在此基础上,进一步开创代码推广应用工作新局面.     

The Marketization of the Nonprofit Sector: Civil Society at Risk?

The public sector has increasingly adopted the methods and values of the market to guide policy creation and management. Several public administration scholars in the United States have pointed out the problems with this, especially in relation to the impact on democracy and citizenship. Similarly, nonprofit organizations are adopting the approaches and values of the private market, which may harm democracy and citizenship because of its impact on nonprofit organizations' ability to create and maintain a strong civil society. This article reviews the major marketization trends occurring within the nonprofit sector—commercial revenue generation, contract competition, the influence of new and emerging donors, and social entrepreneurship—and surveys research on their potential impact on nonprofit organizations' contributions to civil society. The article ends with a discussion of the significance of marketization in the nonprofit sector for public administration scholars and public managers.     

Adolescent Depressed Mood in a Multiethnic Sample

This research assessed whether there is an impact of race-ethnicity on depressed mood among adolescents, independent of socioeconomic status, whether gender differences in depressed mood are apparent within all race-ethnicity subgroups, and whether pubertal development influences depressed mood in a similar manner within gender and race-ethnicity subgroups. A three-stage, area probability sampling frame was utilized to select adolescents, ages 12–17 years, for an in-person interview. Depressed mood was assessed by the Children's Depression Inventory. Compared to Whites, African Americans, or Asian Americans, Latinos reported more symptoms of depressed mood, a finding that was independent of socioeconomic status. Advancing puberty was associated with depressed mood only among females, but the timing of pubertal changes, relative to ones peers, was related to depressed mood among both males and females, and among Latinos.     

"Fanm se poto mitan": Haitian woman, the pillar of society.

This reexamination of the status of women in Haiti opens by noting that the analysis was prompted by an acknowledgement that the past decade has given Haitian women the opportunity to make great developmental and educational progress. The analysis begins by presenting a brief social history of Haitian women, which focuses on such issues as the second-class status afforded Haitian peasants in the 19th century; the fact that household and agricultural duties curtail the education of children; the prestige assigned to marriage versus the more usual common-law unions; the social hierarchy recognized by the peasants; the survival of polygamous unions; the involvement of women in farming, marketing, and trading food; and recent attempts by rural women to gain education and organize themselves to improve the conditions of their lives. The analysis then turns to the status of rural women after they migrate to urban areas, where economic categories create the social hierarchy and Statute Law applies. This section focuses on the income-generation opportunities that were available to these women during the Duvalier regimes, on the conditions of life for the middle class, and on the use of violence by employers and the state to control women of all classes. The second part of the analysis looks at how Haitian women have been represented in literature by female and male Haitian writers and highlights the way female writers used subversive narrative techniques to create a stereotype-breaking female identity. The essay concludes that women writers are continuing to further social activism and feminist struggles.     

Liberal Justification: A Typology

Contemporary liberalism exhibits a broad agreement among its proponents as to its content but widespread disagreement on what fundamental values justify its principles. This paper provides a typology of ways in which liberals approach the task of justifying liberalism. It sets out a four-fold typology for categorising different liberal theories by distinguishing between the various reasons why liberals reject or accept neutrality. Such a typology is helpful in showing exactly how and where liberal theories differ in their approaches to the issues of justification, neutrality and pluralism, and in showing where their strengths and weaknesses lie.     

关于社会弱势群体帮扶政策的思考

现阶段我国的弱势群体绝对数庞大,增长趋势明显,其构成成分复杂且生活与心理问题严重,可能导致社会的不稳定.所以,弱势群体问题已经成为我国社会中的突出问题.社会各界需要对这一群体倾入更多的关注和帮助.