中东稳定是中国战略利益所在

2010年底起于突尼斯、2011年以来迅速扩散的北非、中东动荡引起了世界广泛关注,其发生的根源、发展趋势及其影响、对中国的启示及中国的应对也是目前我国政界、学界集中探讨的热点问题。当前中东变局的深层根源是什么?骨牌效应会扩散到哪里?会不会改变中东政治力量对比甚至重塑中东战略格局?会不会影响全球战略态势?中东变局对中国的经济影响与战略影响如何?中国从中东变局的发生根源及其影响中可得到些什么启示?围绕这些问题,中国现代国际关系研究院《现代国际关系》杂志社于2011年3月10日举办了题为"当前北非、中东变局及其影响"的学术研讨会,来自北京大学、清华大学、中国人民大学、中共中央党校、国防大学、北京航空航天大学、北京外国语大学、南开大学、中国社会科学院及中国现代国际关系研究院的20多位专家学者与会。他们从不同角度就上述问题展开了热烈而深入的探讨。现将部分与会专家学者的主要观点辑录如下,以飨读者。     

印度难民现状及法律研究

在印度生活着大批来自周边地区的难民,其中一部分面临着强制遣返的威胁,生活无法得到基本保障,而另一部分则获得了相对优厚的待遇。出于地缘政治和社会经济因素的考虑,印度政府在严格管控难民的前提下,对不同的难民群体采取了差别化的政策。由于缺乏针对难民问题的专门立法,又拒绝加入国际难民公约,导致印度的难民法律制度非常松散。这虽然为印度政府利用灵活的政策手段处理难民问题提供了可能,但同时也造成了许多背离法律公平与正义价值的问题。本文试图通过分析印度的难民现状和研究法律本身,来揭示造成这种局面的根源。     

不确定性及其后果——国际制度的认知基础

不确定性是国际关系行动领域的本质特征.不确定性构成了对国际关系行为体决策以及合作秩序的根本挑战,同时也造就了行为体决策与合作秩序对国际制度的依赖.制度通过对行为体预期的引导和保护,向行为体提供了应对不确定性的社会建制.具有社会学与认知论意义的主体间性的制度对行为体认知与决策的引导,客观上为个体合作以及国际关系行动领域的再生产创造了条件.     

The EU's New China Policy and the Future of Bilateral Ties

This article forecasts the future of bilateral ties by examining the recent readjustments in the European Union’s China policy.It highlights the EU’s interest in a closer bilateral cooperation focusing on pragmatism and an integrated approach to China by EU member states.The future of bilateral ties will hinge on whether the two sides can seize the current opportunity to expand complementary areas in their economies while curbing competition.     

俄罗斯经济安全中的经济结构问题

文章对俄罗斯经济结构、再生产结构和相对价格的变动进行投入产出分析,对俄罗斯经济结构的非均衡状态作深入探讨,对俄罗斯经济结构的前景展开论述.文章认为,俄罗斯国内普遍认识到畸形经济结构已经和将要对经济安全带来的危害,然则,这种偏重能源等原材料的经济结构是俄罗斯无法避免的一个发展阶段,有其必然性.     

The analysis of substituted cathinones. Part 2: an investigation into the phenylacetone based isomers of 4-methylmethcathinone and N-ethylcathinone

During the analysis of "seized samples", suspected of containing 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) and N-ethylcathinone (ethcathinone) additional compounds were observed in the GCMS chromatogram. These compounds were suspected to be the corresponding phenylacetone isomers of mephedrone and ethcathinone respectively. These isomers are referred to as iso-mephedrone and iso-ethcathinone, respectively. The identity of these compounds was verified by synthesising the isomers from known starting materials and comparing them with the compounds found in the seized samples. Analytical data, GCMS, NMR and IR on these compounds are provided. Possible explanations for the presence of these compounds in the seized samples are explored. Contaminated starting material is one suggestion. Rearrangement of the propiophenone based product to the phenylacetone based product is also suggested. The reaction of the α-bromopropiophenone with a primary amine can also lead to the phenylacetone based product. The presence of these isomeric compounds in seized samples could be used to compare different samples and attempt to establish a common origin.     

The analysis of substituted cathinones. Part 1: chemical analysis of 2-, 3- and 4-methylmethcathinone

The ring substituted methyl isomers of methcathinone, 2-, 3- and 4-methylmethcathinone were analysed. The 2- and 3-isomers were synthesized. The 4-methylmethcathinone isomer is also known as mephedrone and has been widely studied. We present GCMS, NMR and IR data for the three isomers. We show that the three isomers can be separated by GCMS and that the IR spectra for the three compounds can be used to distinguish between them. A seized sample was analysed and it was found to contain 4-methylmethcathinone and benzocaine.     

How Brazil outpaced the United States when it came to AIDS: the politics of civic infiltration, reputation, and strategic internationalization

Using a temporal approach dividing the reform process into two periods, this article explains how both Brazil and the United States were slow to respond to AIDS. However, Brazil eventually outpaced the United States in its response due to international rather than democratic pressures. Since the early 1990s, Brazil's success has been attributed to "strategic internationalization": the concomitant acceptance and rejection of global pressure for institutional change and antiretroviral treatment, respectively. The formation of tripartite partnerships among donors, AIDS officials, and nongovernmental organizations has allowed Brazil to avoid foreign aid dependency, while generating ongoing incentives for influential AIDS officials to incessantly pressure Congress for additional funding. Given the heightened international media attention, concern about Brazil's reputation has contributed to a high level of political commitment. By contrast, the United States' more isolationist relationship with the international community, its focus on leading the global financing of AIDS efforts, and the absence of tripartite partnerships have prevented political leaders from adequately responding to the ongoing urban AIDS crisis. Thus, Brazil shows that strategically working with the international health community for domestic rather than international influence is vital for a sustained and effective response to AIDS.     

刍议我国中医药专利保护制度

本文阐述了我国中医药专利保护制度的现状,分析了我国中医药专利保护制度存在的问题,如法律法规不健全、专利申请和保护意识淡薄等,从构建专门专利法律保护体系、建立数据库、提高专利意识和加速国际化进程等角度,提出了完善我国中医药专利保护制度的政策建议。     

网络信息时代电子病历的隐私保护研究

与传统纸质病历相比,电子病历信息的存储和共享的范围将进一步扩大,但同时也为隐私信息的暴露提供捷径。本文通过分析我国电子病历隐私保护现状及存在的问题,并对比发展较好的其他国家电子病历隐私保护历程,提出我国进一步完善电子病历隐私保护的建议。