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281.
Stephanie H. Cook José A. Bauermeister Deborah Gordon-Messer Marc A. Zimmerman 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2013,42(11):1674-1686
Researchers have reported that network characteristics are associated with substance use behavior. Considering that social interactions within online networks are increasingly common, we examined the relationship between online network characteristics and substance use in a sample of emerging adults (ages 18–24) from across the United States (N = 2,153; M = 21 years old; 47 % female; 70 % White). We used regression analyses to examine the relationship between online ego network characteristics (i.e., characteristics of individuals directly related to the focal participant plus the relationships shared among individuals within the online network) and alcohol use and substance use, respectively. Alcohol use was associated with network density (i.e., interconnectedness between individuals in a network), total number of peer ties, and a greater proportion of emotionally close ties. In sex-stratified models, density was related to alcohol use for males but not females. Drug use was associated with an increased number of peer ties, and the increased proportion of network members’ discussion and acceptance of drug use, respectively. We also found that online network density and total numbers of ties were associated with more personal drug use for males but not females. Conversely, we noted that social norms were related to increased drug use and this relationship was stronger for females than males. We discuss the implications of our findings for substance use and online network research. 相似文献
282.
Andria B. Eisman Sarah A. Stoddard José A. Bauermeister Cleopatra H. Caldwell Marc A. Zimmerman 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2016,45(1):225-238
Organized activity participation provides important opportunities for adolescents to develop assets and resources related to positive youth development. Predisposing factors, in addition to sociodemographics and self-selection factors, may influence how youth participate over time. In this study, we used growth mixture modeling with longitudinal data from African American adolescents attending urban high schools in Flint, MI to identify subgroups of participation trajectories (Wave 1 N = 681, mean age at Wave 1 = 14.86 years, 51 % female). We measured activity participation using psychological and behavioral engagement across multiple contexts over the 4 years of high school. We examined how predisposing risk and promotive factors were related to these trajectories, accounting for sociodemographic and self-selection factors. The results indicated three participation trajectories: a low group decreasing over time (74 %), a moderate, consistent participation group (21 %) and a moderate, increasing group (5 %). More substance use was associated with lower odds of being in the moderate/consistent versus low/decreasing participation group. More parental support was associated with lower odds of being in the moderate/increasing versus the moderate/consistent group. Our results suggest that addressing predisposing factors such as substance use may help facilitate participation over time. 相似文献
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This study examines whether health risk behaviour in adolescence can be predicted by self- and by parental reports of psychopathology
(externalizing and internalizing symptoms) assessed two and four years earlier. A total sample of 366 fourth graders participated
in a longitudinal study with measurements taken in grades 4, 6, and 8. In grades 4 and 6 the children completed the Youth
Self Report (YSR) while their parents completed the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). In grade 8, the children reported their
risk behaviour (smoking, sexual activity, dietary behaviour and suicidal tendencies). Results reveal that cross-informant
correlations for both symptom-scales are low to medium and tend to increase slightly from grade 4 through 8. Children reported
higher symptom-levels and changes over time than their parents. The predictability of risk behaviour in adolescence by reported
psychopathology in grade 6 exceeds the predictability in grade 4. Results indicate that the predictability of risk behaviour
by self-reports versus parental reports of psychopathology depends on the specific kind of health risk behaviour and the child’s
gender.
相似文献
Marc VierhausEmail: |
285.
The persistence of adolescents’ political attitudes and behaviors into adulthood is a perennial concern in research on developmental
psychology. While some authors claim that adolescents’ attitudinal patterns will remain relatively stable throughout the life
cycle, others argue that the answers of adolescents in political surveys have but a limited predictive value for their future
attitudes and behaviors. In this article, we tackle this question on an aggregate level, by comparing survey data for 14,
18 and 18 to 30 year old respondents from eight European countries (n = resp. 22,620; 20,142 and 2800). We examine political trust, attitudes toward immigrants’ rights and voting behavior. The
analysis suggests that country patterns with regard to political trust and attitudes toward immigrant rights are already well
established by the age of 14. We find less indications for stability in the relation between intention to vote (for 14 and
18 years olds) and actual voting behavior (for young adults). The latent structure of the political trust scale was found
to be equivalent for the three age groups we investigated. We close by offering some suggestions on why attitudinal stability
seems stronger than behavioral stability.
Marc Hooghe is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium). His research interests include political socialization and political participation. He has also published widely on social capital and generalized trust. Britt Wilkenfeld is a PhD student at the University of Maryland, Department of Human Development. She has been a visiting scholar at the University of Leuven. Her major research interests include youth involvement and the impact of community volunteering programs. 相似文献
Britt WilkenfeldEmail: |
Marc Hooghe is an Associate Professor of Political Science at the Catholic University of Leuven (Belgium). His research interests include political socialization and political participation. He has also published widely on social capital and generalized trust. Britt Wilkenfeld is a PhD student at the University of Maryland, Department of Human Development. She has been a visiting scholar at the University of Leuven. Her major research interests include youth involvement and the impact of community volunteering programs. 相似文献
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Marc Bühlmann Wolfgang Merkel Lisa Müller Bernhard Weßels 《Politische Vierteljahresschrift》2008,49(1):114-122
Ohne Zusammenfassung
* Die vier Autor(inn)en arbeiten in einem gemeinsamen Forschungsprojekt des NCCR Democracy (vom Schweizerischen Nationalfonds
finanziertes National Centre of Competence in Research: Challenges to Democracy in the 21st Century) und des WZB an einem „Demokratiebarometer“ für die 30 OECD-Staaten, das die Ignoranz der 0-Varianz bei Polity und Freedom House aufkl?ren will.
相似文献
Marc Bühlmann (Corresponding author)Email: |
Wolfgang MerkelEmail: |
Lisa MüllerEmail: |
Bernhard We?elsEmail: |
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