略论我国当前立法中存在的问题

<正> 立法的直接目的是要使法得到实施,最终目的则是调整、规范社会关系,使社会健康、有序、快速地发展。这既取决于法适应社会需要的程度,又取决于法的体系内部是否和谐。 由于立法的不周延以及立法侵权等原因,直接造成了法的体系内部不和谐,其突出表现是:法律、行政法规、地方性法规、部委规章等相互之间不协调一致。由此便带来了法的实施困难重重:要么无所适从,要么各取所需,妨碍了法的统一实施,并且在一定程度上助长了日益盛行的地方保护主义与部门保护主义。本文拟结合实例分析我国立法中存在的几个问题。 一、立法权限问题 在立法实践中存在着严重的侵权现象,出现了一定程度的混乱。有人称之为“立法无序”。表现在: (1)全国人大及其常委会的情况。一方面,存在着立法混乱,本该由全国人大制定的《民事诉讼法》,却是由其常委会制定,直到1991年4月9日第七届全国人大四次会议才修改通过。《村民委员会组织法》是先由全国     

论网络社会的伦理道德问题及解决的措施

计算机网络在极大地造福人类的同时,也引发了大量网络伦理方面的失范行为,甚至犯罪行为。究其产生的根源有内部、外部及人性心理等诸多因素。在计算机网络的发展中,要达到兴利除弊的目的,应当通过法律手段加强网络信息的管理,通过技术手段控制和过滤违法及有害信息,同时应当培养广大网民的网络伦理道德意识,自觉形成网络自律,有效降低网络带来的负面影响。     

反思与祛魅：我国刑事诉讼法解释体制重构

普适意义上的法律解释是法官运用法律、裁判案件的一项司法技术 ,它与审判权相连 ,是审判权的题中应有之义。但在我国现行刑事诉讼法解释体制下 ,法律解释却被异化为一种权力 ,从而导致解释形式的抽象化、解释内容的扩大化以及解释主体的集中化、多元化 ,进而干扰了司法独立、背离程序法定原则。现行刑事诉讼法解释体制的这一结构特征的形成可以追溯到我国历史上“以吏为师”的传统 ,并与我国现行刑事诉讼法不完善的制度结构有关。为此 ,应当转变观念、完善制度 ,重构我国刑事诉讼法的解释体制。     

Decentralisation and NGO–municipal government collaboration in Ecuador

Decentralisation, or the transfer of decision-making power and funds from central to local governments, is one of the most important reform movements in Latin America. Recent constitutional changes in Ecuador have contributed to the democratisation and empowerment of municipal governments. Case studies of three municipalities in highland Ecuador examine new opportunities for NGO–municipal government collaboration. NGOs have considerable experience of working locally and can help municipalities with planning and capacity building. Municipalities offer NGOs the legitimacy and local accountability they may lack, as well as the means both to extend project activities beyond isolated communities and to maintain the results once NGO assistance ends.     

论债权出资

债权作为一项十分重要的财产权,在我国的公司立法上并未得到应有的重视.随着各国公司法对法定资本制原则的修正,债权作为公司的出资形式正日益普遍.由于债权自身请求权性质的特质,其存在着不确定性、容易引发道德风险等问题,为此,应完善相应的制度措施,把债权出资的风险降低到最低水平.     

Dynamism in Adversity: a Comparative Study of Trends in the Performance of Listed Family- and Non-Family-Controlled Companies in Hong Kong, 1997–2014

This paper addresses the long debate over the superiority of the performance of family- vs non-family-controlled companies from the contesting perspectives of entrepreneurial familism and managerial capitalism. Publicly listed family- and non-family-controlled companies in Hong Kong have been selected for a comparison of their overall performance. The focus is on Hang Seng Index constituent companies in general, and on two cases in particular: one non-family-controlled bank (HSBC), and one family-controlled bank (BEA). We found that family-controlled companies were not necessarily less competitive than non-family-controlled companies. Specifically, when HSBC and BEA were compared, the latter showed no clear inferiority in operating profit margin and return on assets, even though the former enjoys unparalleled advantages, such as an overwhelming superiority in size, the privilege of issuing notes, and status as Hong Kong’s quasi-central bank. Therefore, we argue that entrepreneurial familism seems to be a resilient source of business dynamism, particularly when family-controlled companies have been repeatedly tested by adverse socioeconomic crises. Based on the finding, it is suggested that governments across the world should provide a favorable institutional set-up to facilitate the development of family businesses.     

Der Fall Bautzen: Eine Netzwerkanalyse zur Entstehung digitaler Öffentlichkeiten

In autumn 2016, refugees and followers of the political right were caught up in a violent conflict in the Saxon town of Bautzen. The paper analyses how this event was discussed in the digital public. On the basis of Bruno Latour’s relational sociology it carries out a quantitative network analysis in order to understand the structural dynamics of Twitter as a discursive arena. It appears that the political debate of the event develops from unconnected partial publics via antagonistic battles of opinion up to closed echo chambers. In the case of Bautzen, Twitter works like a megaphone: the technology doesn’t contribute to intersubjective understanding but facilitates the distribution of personal constructions of reality.     

社会转型时期女大学生就业问题与对策

在今天,大学生就业难问题不仅是经济问题、政治问题,而且是社会转型中的社会问题。虽然职业选择与发展是一个人人生的永恒主题,但是,当今大学生就业已经不再是某个大学生个人的事情,而逐渐成为摆在高校与社会面前的一个时代课题。就面临职业选择的女大学生来说,能否战胜社会排斥和自身弱点,是直接影响到其择业成败的关键。从女大学生的就业现状着手,分析女大学生就业的冲突心理及其原因,才能提出相应的对策。     

In search of a post-hegemonic order: Germany,NATO and the European security and defence policy

This article explores the erosion of the conditions which supported Germany's emergence as a ‘Civilian Power’, in particular fundamental changes in the US perspective on the transatlantic relationship and international security, but also the increased sensitivity of German foreign policy to domestic circumstances. It explores Germany's so far ambivalent and inconsistent role in the pursuit of a post-hegemonic order for Euro-Atlantic security, focusing in particular on the emerging European Security and Defence Policy.     

提高职工素质,维护职工劳动权益

要有效解决下岗职工再就业问题,就职工自身说,需切实提高其素质。这也是维护 职工的合法权益。