Glucose and lactate in vitreous humor compared with the determination of fructosamine for the postmortem diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness responsible for a great number of deaths. In postmortem diagnosis, because of the difficulty involved in interpreting blood glucose levels and relatively nonspecific pathologic features, biochemical markers in vitreous humor are useful. The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained for the combined determination of lactate and glucose with fructosamine levels recorded in the vitreous humor of two diagnostic groups (one diabetic and the other nondiabetic). The authors intended to ascertain the capacity of different markers measured in vitreous humor to diagnose diabetes mellitus. Fifty-one cadavers (mean age, 58.7 years; standard deviation, 17.09) were studied. The mean postmortem interval was 16.4 hours (standard deviation, 9.05). Cases were assigned to two diagnostic groups according to whether they were previously diagnosed as either diabetic or nondiabetic. Statistically significant differences for glucose, fructosamine, and the sum values of glucose and lactate were found between the two diagnostic groups. The highest levels were obtained in the group of cases with a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. After the comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves, the sum values of glucose and lactate in vitreous humor is a better predictor of antemortem diabetes mellitus than the fructosamine.     

A Call to Action—The Essential Role of Advocacy

Editor's Note: The Perspectives featured in this issue of Public Administration Review were adapted from May 2016 commencement addresses: Anna Maria Chavez, the CEO of the Girl Scouts of the USA, spoke on the 12th at Arizona State University's College of Public Service and Community Solutions; Nancy Pelosi, the Democratic Leader in the United States House of Representatives spoke on the 7th at New York University's Wagner School of Public Service; and Tommy Thompson, the former Governor of Wisconsin and Secretary of Health & Human Services, spoke on the 15th at the University of Wisconsin's La Follette School of Public Affairs. These Perspectives reaffirm the highest principles of American public administration: that by and large, government is NOT the problem, and quite often indeed holds the solution; that effective and helpful public policy depends on informed expert opinion and research; and that those who enter public service should do so with a commitment to the notion that America best fulfills its promise when we seek the well‐being of all people, including the least fortunate. We chose these messages from among a wealth of commencement speeches because while they come from leaders with quite different political views, background, and experience, taken together they offer a coherent and inspiring call to public service. Dan Feldman, Perspective and Commentary Editor     

中国苏维埃政权建设始末

中国苏维埃政权是中国共产党在政权建设上进行的第一次伟大尝试。为了进一步深化对苏维埃政权的研究 ,本文拟从政权建设的角度 ,对中国苏维埃政权的发展历程予以考察。不当之处 ,敬请批评指正。一、中国共产党成立前后 ,对苏维埃的初步认识时期土地革命战争时期 ,中国共产党领导的红色政权都采取了苏维埃这种组织形式 ,因此 ,称之为苏维埃政权。实际上 ,苏维埃是俄文 COBe T的汉语音译 ,意即“代表会议”或“会议”,是俄国人民在革命斗争中创造出来的无产阶级专政政权的组织形式 ,是十月革命后苏俄 (联 )的基本政治制度。十月革命后 ,随着…     

澳大利亚基本公共卫生服务的法律保障（二）——政府作用

为引导基本公共卫生服务方向，澳大利亚政府扮演了独特和关键的角色，联邦与州／特区政府签订公共卫生产出资助协议，州／特区、市镇政府制定公共卫生计划。同时，为了组织实施基本公共卫生服务，澳大利亚政府从传染病的总体预防与控制、计划免疫、母婴保健、慢性病预防控制、弱势群体综合公共服务等方面采取了有效措施。     

从容的表征与内核——胡崇炜书法作品赏析

胡崇炜，1963年生于吉林省大安县，现为辽宁省书法家协会驻会干部、中国书法家协会四届评审委员会委员、中国书法家协会五届楷书委员会委员、辽宁省书法家协会评审委员会秘书长、沈阳师范大学特聘书法教授。