试析当前美国经济走势

美国经济形势自去年第4季度开始趋于严峻,经济增速大幅下降,股市大跌,消费者信心受重挫;制造业濒临衰退,高新技术产业持续不振;失业率、通胀率有所上升等.但由于美经济实力雄厚,基础条件较好,市场对外资吸引力不减;新经济仍有生命力;美在经济全球化中处于有利地位;世界石油价格回落;美联储的调控渐起作用;布什政府出台一系列有利于经济恢复和发展的政策等,美国经济出现衰退的可能性不大.     

民事诉讼标的理论的再构筑

诉讼标的的各家理论众说纷纭 ,没有形成强有力的通说。相反 ,由于各自研究的不断深入 ,反使得理论界出现了混乱。研究诉讼标的 ,不能只局限于学界中的各种理论 ,必须从立法和判例中去寻求新的路径 ,从实务中去考察法官遇到反映诉讼标的理论的案件时遵循的是什么样的原则 ,从而形成一套处理案件所一般适用的方法     

高校社团育人机制的跨文化研究——对中美高校社团的比较分析

中美高校都十分重视学生社团工作，但两国高校社团在与社会的联系程度、社团活动经费的筹集与充裕度、社团经费管理制度方面存在差异。因此，我们要完善政策体系，构建高校社团育人机制政策平台；加强组织领导，健全高校学生社团管理制度；加大资金投入，保证高校社团育人机制良好运行；增强相互交流，强化高校社团育人功能。     

Bureaucrats’ corruption and competition in public administration

Competition in public administration is often advocated as a solution to bureaucrats’ corruption. However, there are no well developed analyses of how competition could succeed and the issue of its detailed design has not been carefully addressed so far. In this paper, we put forward a series of models that help understand what competition in public administration can actually accomplish. We distinguish two different shapes that corruption may take: bribery and extortion, and we demonstrate, under the usual assumption of asymmetric information as to the honesty of the bureaucrats, that while competition is effective in fighting extortion it exacerbates bribery. Given that corruption normally manifests itself simultaneously under the two different shapes, an anti-corruption policy based upon competition is bound to face a serious trade-off: trying to curb one of them through competition implies making the other worse. This result holds, with some differences, under exogenous and endogenous bureaucrats’ “honesty”. The dual aspect of corruption is probably one of the most serious—and so far largely neglected—obstacles to any effective anti-corruption policy.     

Side-bets and reciprocity as determinants of organizational commitment among correctional officers

Organizational commitment is a particularly salient characteristic of the prison work climate due to the stressful working conditions and high rate of turnover among correctional officers nationwide, yet little is known about the factors that predict the level of organizational commitment among officers. Becker's (1960) side-bets hypothesis predicts greater commitment among those who develop additional investments in the job that would be lost with a change of jobs, and the reciprocity hypothesis predicts greater commitment among those who feel they are well treated, supported, and respected by the organization. This study used a sample of 546 correctional officers to examine the relative effects of side bets and reciprocity on two components of organizational commitment—affective commitment and continuance commitment. The results of a multivariate OLS regression analysis indicated that reciprocity had a greater effect than side bets on affective commitment but that side bets had a greater effect than reciprocity on continuance commitment. These findings, which provide partial support for the side-bet hypothesis and strong support for the reciprocity hypothesis, are discussed in terms of the link between organizational commitment and other work-related behaviors.     

论犯罪黑数问题的成因及对策

犯罪黑数，是指事实上犯罪行为已经发生，但由于种种原因未予记载到犯罪统计中的犯罪数量。对实际发生的犯罪事实是否能毫无遗漏的予以追究，就需要排除立案不实、群众不举报以及在制度管理、统计遗漏等方面存在的问题，为切实做好预防工作，要求我们为警方真实立案松绑。同时要建立健全犯罪统计的各项制度、监督机制以及畅通群众的报案渠道和犯罪调查制度。才能有效的消灭犯罪黑数的形成。