Histopathological lung changes in immune complex mediated anaphylactic shock in humans elicited by dextran

Severe dextran-induced anaphylactic reaction (DIAR) is being recognized as a form of immediate IgG mediated immune complex reaction. Support for this pathogenesis is found in the correlation between the titer of dextran-reactive antibodies of IgG class and the severity of the reaction. Autopsy records were reviewed in 27 certified cases of fatal DIAR. The most frequent macroscopic findings were dilatation of the right side of the heart and acute pulmonary stasis. Autopsy lung specimens were collected from 17 of these patients. In 15 of the 17 lung specimens pulmonary microemboli were found. The microemboli had the appearance of hyaline eosinophilic globules, and the lung vasculature also contained leukocytes, platelets and disintegrated erythrocytes. These findings show similarity to the findings in a monkey model of known IgG mediated anaphylaxis, and give further support to the proposed pathogenesis of severe DIAR.     

Partner Assaultive Men and the Stages and Processes of Change

Researchers have recently suggested that the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change (TTM; Prochaska, J. O. DiClemente, C. C., and Norcross, J. C., 1992, Am. Psychol. 47: 1102–1114) might help in understanding the mechanisms through which partner assaultive men attempt to change their abusive behavior. In the present study, we present data from 2 psychometrically sound scales designed to assess the stages and processes of change in a cross-sectional sample of 250 men attending 2 batterer's intervention and prevention programs: the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale for Domestic Violence (URICA-DV; Levesque, D. A., Gelles, R. J., and Velicer, W. F., 2000, Cog. Therapy Res. 24: 175–200), which assesses movement through the stages of change, and the Processes of Change Scale (POC), developed by the authors to assess self-reported usage of behavior change processes. Cross-validated cluster analyses indicated a three-cluster solution based upon URICA-DV scores: Immotive, Unprepared Action, and Preparticipation. Results indicated that individuals in more advanced stages of change reported using more behavior change processes, although this did not appear to result from being in treatment for a longer period of time. These data are interpreted in light of recent data indicating relatively small effect sizes for batterer's treatment programs and how assessment of the stages and processes of change might assist in matching men to different levels of treatment.     

鲁迅与失和的二弟周作人

鲁迅家原有兄弟四人,小的早夭,剩下了哥儿仨。鲁迅居长,老二作人,老三建人。周氏三兄弟在中国现代历史上留下了一个吸引人的故事,一个特殊的文化现象,他们所走过的不同道路,对世人特别是对他们的读者具有极大的吸引力和很高的认识价值。正如郑振铎所说,周作人以其文化方面的业绩,在现代文学史上将同鲁迅一起发出耀眼的光芒。然而,鲁迅与周作人这对“双子星座”,情深意笃四十载,一朝失和,永无修复,晨昏相隔,甚至殃及后代,断绝交通往来,这不能不令人注目。     

美国西部教育发展及启示

美国在西部开发时期通过采取确保经费充足、发展师范教育、实施强迫教育等措施,使西部地区的教育得到了迅速发展。学习、研究美国西部教育发展的经验,对我们有如下借鉴与启示:加大对西部地区教育经费的投入;建立相应的师资队伍建设及培训机制;因地制宜地改革工程教育课程体系、结构与内容。     

Partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 13 as an indication of paternity in forensic assessment

We report a paternity testing case in which a decisive clue was a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 13 in the child and in his putative father.     

Police discretion: Relations of experience to officers' beliefs and arrest decisions

Questionnaires to assess generalized beliefs about people and factors associated with arrest decisions were completed by police officers. Responses to the Philosophies of Human Nature Scale (Wrightsman, 1974) and to statements about law enforcement and arrest decisions indicated divergent beliefs and interpretations associated with different amounts of experience in the police role. Results are discussed in terms of socialization pressures on officers, and a broader perspective to understand the dynamics of that socialization is proposed.