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891.
Valrie Martin Marie‐Hlne Jobin 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》2004,47(3):304-331
Au cours des deux derniéres décennies, plusieurs gouvemements ont voulu réformer leur administration publique en mettant en place un cadre de gestion axée sur les résultats. Jusqu à tout récemment, la documentation scientifique n'abor‐dait que trés peu ce théme et, outre les travaux de l'OCDE, le concept de gestion axée sur les résultats et son contenu n' avaient pas été définis. Nous avons donc voulu éla‐borer une définition générique de la gestion axée sur les résultats et comprendre la façon dont elle s'intègre à différents aspects de la gestion des organisations. Pour ce faire, nous avons exploré le cadre de gestion proposé par les réformes mises de l'avant dans huit juridictions. Les pays et provinces canadiennes choisis ont une approche‐type de gestion anglo‐américaine, soit le Canada, le Québec, l'Ontario, l'Alberta, les États‐Unis, l'Australie, le Royaume‐Uni et la Nouvelle‐Zélande. Les modèles étudiés présentent plusieurs similarités. On observe que la gestion de la performance dans ces juridictions se déploie dans des cycles de gestion composés de plusieurs étapes. Les éléments communs de ces cycles sont la planification stratégique, la planification opérationnelle, la réalisation des plans et des programmes, la mesure ds résultats, la reddition de comptes et l'analyse et l'interpréta‐tion des résultats. Ces processus se concrétisent par la publication de documents. Par ailleurs, ces cadres de gestion ont tendance à s'intégrer aux autres enjeux de la gestion des organisations tels que la qualité du service à la clientèle, la gestion des res‐sources humaines et financières et la vérification. Abstract: Over the last two decades, several governments have wanted to reform their public administration by implementing a results‐based management framework. Until very recently, the scientific literature hardly addressed this issue and, other than the OECD work, the concept of results‐based management and its content had not been defined. We therefore wanted to develop a generic definition for results‐based management and to understand how it fits into various aspects of organizational management. To do so, we explored the management framework put forward through reforms introduced in eight jurisdictions. The countries and Canadian provinces chosen, i.e., Canada, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta, United States, Australia, United Kingdom and New‐Zealand, use the typical Anglo‐American management approach. The models considered have several similarities. We found that performance management in those jurisdictions was implemented throughout several steps of management cycles. Common elements in these cycles include strategic planning, operational planning, plan and program delivery, results measurement, accountability, and results analysis and interpretation. The process is documented through published documents. Moreover, these management frameworks tend to become part of the other organizational management components, such as quality of customer service, management of human and financial resources, and auditing. 相似文献
892.
Martin Weir 《Legal and Criminological Psychology》2010,15(2):415-416
Investigative psychology: Offender profiling and the analysis of criminal action D. Canter and D. Youngs Chichester: Wiley, 2009. 470 pp. Price: U/K. ISBN: 978‐0‐470‐02397‐6 相似文献
893.
This article is concerned with assessing the effectiveness of markets for complex professional services in social care. The issue is explored through an account of developments in the children's residential care sector. Over the past five years there has been a steady expansion in the role of external markets in this area. However, this was not required by the Children Act 1989 and has become the subject of considerable debate between policy makers and practitioners. While some favour an extension of choice, others argue that a further decline in local authority run provision will be both costly and detrimental in terms of meeting key policy goals. In order to assess these claims, reference is made to the findings of a study of purchasing practices for children's residential care in twelve local authorities in England and Wales. The impact of the emerging market is analysed along two dimensions. Firstly, we assess how far it is operating efficiently, concentrating on market structure, information and transaction costs. Secondly, attention is given to the impact of market changes on the policy objectives of: localized placements; ensuring adequate safeguards; and matching needs and services. The results reveal that there have been significant costs associated with markets in children's services. In a context of government efforts to promote modes of service delivery on the basis of 'what works', these difficulties have certain implications. Not only do they draw attention to the need for greater collaboration between purchasers and providers, they also point to the continued relevance and usefulness of local authority managed provision. 相似文献
894.
895.
Prof. Dr. Martin Gellermann 《Natur und Recht》2009,31(2):85-91
Zusammenfassung In seinem Urteil zur Nordumgehung Bad Oeynhausen hat sich das Bundesverwaltungsgericht um eine Sch?rfung
des Profils der im Rahmen der Fachplanung beachtlichen Anforderungen des besonderen Artenschutzrechts bemüht.
Der Beitrag behandelt einige Kernaussagen der Entscheidung und widmet sich der Frage, ob der Praxis damit
eine hinreiche Grundlage zur rechtssicheren Bew?ltigung artenschutzrechtlicher Konfliktlagen verfügbar
ist. 相似文献
896.
897.
Gerda J. Edelman M.Sc. Richelle J.M. Hoveling M.Sc. Martin Roos Ton G. van Leeuwen Ph.D. Maurice C.G. Aalders Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2013,58(5):1156-1162
All objects radiate infrared energy invisible to the human eye, which can be imaged by infrared cameras, visualizing differences in temperature and/or emissivity of objects. Infrared imaging is an emerging technique for forensic investigators. The rapid, nondestructive, and noncontact features of infrared imaging indicate its suitability for many forensic applications, ranging from the estimation of time of death to the detection of blood stains on dark backgrounds. This paper provides an overview of the principles and instrumentation involved in infrared imaging. Difficulties concerning the image interpretation due to different radiation sources and different emissivity values within a scene are addressed. Finally, reported forensic applications are reviewed and supported by practical illustrations. When introduced in forensic casework, infrared imaging can help investigators to detect, to visualize, and to identify useful evidence nondestructively. 相似文献
898.
Jason Gravel Martin Bouchard Karine Descormiers Jennifer S. Wong Carlo Morselli 《Journal of criminal justice》2013
Purpose
We argue that inadequate frameworks to compare similar gang control strategies, and the scarcity of well-designed evaluations have hindered our ability to determine the effectiveness of existing programs. This article proposes a new typology of gang control strategies to use with logic models as tools to improve gang program evaluation.Methods
We conducted a systematic review of gang control strategy evaluation reports and created a typology from the studies identified. Studies were selected on the basis of methodological quality in order to reflect only rigorous evaluations with credible research findings.Results
Forty-five studies were selected and reviewed. Studies were classified in homogeneous categories based on the targeted population and the objective of the strategy. We infer logic models that consider the activities, outputs, and outcomes of each type of strategy.Conclusion
A better framework for the comparison of similar studies may allow meta-analyses to be conducted, thereby improving our knowledge of what works. Logic models can move the field forward by allowing researchers to understand why some programs work and others do not. The improvement, both in quality and quantity, of program evaluation in gang research is crucial in order to move beyond claims of promising approaches. 相似文献899.
Purpose
Test the Cantor and Land (1985) model using multiple measures of the state of the economy.Methods
A panel data set of the 10 Canadian provinces, 1981 – 2009, is analyzed using a hybrid modeling approach called a decomposition model. Rather than one economy-related model, four are included in the analysis: gross provincial product, gross provincial product per capita, unemployment rate, and low income.Results
All economy-related variables matter for property and violent crime, but the sign and magnitude of the estimated parameters vary based on context.Conclusions
The relationship between the economy and crime is complex. Only including one economy-related variable appears to result in omitted variable bias. As such, any evaluation of the relationship between the economy and crime must consider multiple measures of the economy. 相似文献900.