对自首的认定及其处罚

自首作为一项刑法制度在我国有着悠久的历史。 1997年刑法在总结多年来自首制度的立法与司法实践经验的基础上 ,进一步完善了有关自首的规定。司法实践证明 ,自首制度在同犯罪作斗争中发挥了积极的作用。为进一步稳、准、狠地打击各种犯罪 ,把当前的“严打”斗争不断引向深入 ,每一个法律理论工作者和司法实践工作者都应该正确地理解、把握和适用自首这一法律规定。     

试论中国有组织犯罪的演变及其成因

根据有组织犯罪的发展形态及特征 ,中国有组织犯罪按时间序列可分为三个阶段。作为观照社会问题的一类研究范式 ,“国家———社会”这一范式对于探讨有组织犯罪的演变及成因具有一定的意义。与中国有组织犯罪的不同发展时期相对应 ,国家与社会之间的关系发展呈现出不同的特点 ,而这些特点也是有组织犯罪形成与发展的重要原因。     

实地研究方法在青少年研究中的应用现状

通过分析20年来在青年类杂志上发表的实地研究报告,从基本过程、研究类型、理论基础、选点分布、研究主题、资料收集、研究结论等方面的工作,可以展现实地研究方法在青少年研究中的应用现状,以提高青年研究学术水平。     

犯罪心理学研究中运用量化方法引起的理论思考

量化与统计分析是一项重要的研究方法,在犯罪心理学研究中得到了广泛运用,同时也存在着使用的局限性。犯罪人有很强的心理掩饰性,对包括犯罪人在内的人的心理的测量实际上是一种间接测量,测得的数据是心理学家标定的数据,兼有客观性与主观性。量化研究如果不与科学思维相结合,有可能得出浅薄平庸甚至错误的结论。心理学研究应当以“人性”为基点,多种方法综合运用,实现量化方法与非量化方法的有机结合。     

论计算机犯罪的侦查机构建设

反思我国现存计算机犯罪侦查机构存在的诸多问题,我们不难发现我国与国外计算机犯罪侦查工作开展的比较好的国家还存在着很大差距,这些国家的计算机犯罪侦查机构为我国计算机犯罪侦查机构的建设提供了借鉴和参考。就我国计算机犯罪侦查机构建设的改革方向而言,我们应先着力修正一些外在性的制度的缺陷并着意完善之。     

Five‐year effects of an anti‐poverty program on marriage among never‐married mothers

Using data from an experimental evaluation of the New Hope project, an anti‐poverty program that increased employment and income, this study examined the effects of New Hope on entry into marriage among never‐married mothers. Among never‐married mothers, New Hope significantly increased rates of marriage. Five years after random assignment, 21 percent of women assigned to the New Hope condition were married, compared to 12 percent of those assigned to the control group. The New Hope impact on marriage was robust to variations in model specification. The program also increased income, wage growth, and goal efficacy among never‐married mothers, and decreased depression. In non‐experimental analyses, income and earnings were associated with higher probability of marriage and material hardship was associated with lower probability of marriage. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management     

Efficiency Measurement in Spanish Local Government: The Case of Municipal Water Services

In this work, we established a procedure for evaluation of the efficiency of the water supply. This procedure has allowed us to find that the proposed indicators have a discriminating capability in the analysis of the service, and to reject criticisms traditionally assigned to the sensitivity of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique in relation to degrees of freedom. The results obtained show that the population density, as a factor that defines one of the particular characteristics of the surroundings of each municipality, has a statistically significant impact on the indexes of efficiency, this affirmation not being extended to the public or private ownership of the service. The scale inefficiency is higher than the technical inefficiency. These typologies of efficiency are, principally, motivated by the supply side of the service, which is specially linked with the necessary infrastructure. The demand of the citizens is satisfied with a behavior close to optimal.     

浅析CEPA原产地规则

内地自2004年1月1日起,对原产香港进口金额较大的273个税目的产品实行零关税。由此,界定香港产品“原产地”规则及其签证核查程序成为实施零关税的前提。虽然CEPA附件2《原产地规则协议》对判定香港原产货物给出了认定标准,但这只是一个开端,因为根据中国加入世贸组织的承诺,以后要向更多的国家与地区开放零关税,都会涉及到原产地认定问题。因此,从一定意义上讲,CEPA原产地问题是中国运用世贸组织规则走向纵深的一次预演。