Regulatory Risk Management of Psychoactive Substances

Congress and the Drug Enforcement Administration have assigned certain psychoactive substances to one of five schedules, based on assumed or demonstrated abuse potential. Although formidable difficulties exist in assessing the hazards of drug use, some of these assignments do not appear consistent with empirical estimates. This mismatch of assignment and abuse potential -possibly due to "radical" political ideology - obscures significant differences in drug effects, and therefore stifles meaningful public participation in evaluating the benefits, risks, and proper use (if any) of available psychoactive substances.     

简论色彩的翻译

本文通过对色彩翻译的例证进行分析,指出尽管从物理学角度来说,同样的色彩具有同样的物理属性.但是,由于各个民族、国家的地理环境、民族心理、宗教信仰等因素的影响,同一种颜色对于不同民族的人所引发的联想和象征意义却不同.我们翻译时不能只局限于概念意义更要注意颜色的社会属性和联想意义.     

社会主义如何破题

每个时代都有自己的重大课题。我们时代的总课题就是社会主义。社会主义发展进程中经常会提出一些新的问题,需要在实践中从理论上给以回答。也就是说社会主义需要不断破题。那么,社会主义怎样才能破题呢?马克思主义创始人与继承者和社会主义的历史经验为我们提供了基本线索,关键是做好三个“坚持”。     

Decision Making in Autocratic Regimes: A Poliheuristic Perspective

This paper applies the poliheuristic theory of foreign policy decision making to non-democratic states. Poliheuristic theory asserts that state leaders assign primary importance to their political survival; however, the meaning of "the political" varies dramatically from country to country. Furthermore, the types of actors who hold leaders politically accountable also vary between countries. Consequently, leaders often pursue vastly different means of ensuring their political survival. The author uses the common distinction between single-party, military, and personalist autocracies to show that apparently arbitrary differences in autocratic leaders' political concerns actually vary in systematic and potentially predictable ways. Because this argument is generalized to non-democratic states as a whole, it has important implications for the ways in which democratic states craft their policies toward autocracies.     

现实主义国际合作观探微

在多数学者看来,现实主义对于国际合作是持悲观态度的,认为国际合作很难实现,即使实现也很难维持。本文通过对现实主义的文本、基本假设和核心命题的研究,认为现实主义有其特定的国际合作观。一方面,从现实主义大师的著作中,我们读出的不仅仅有冲突,也有合作;另一方面,从现实主义理论的基本假设和核心命题出发,也可以推演出国际合作不仅可能,而且必要的结论。     

Reentry and Removal: Implications for Juvenile Confinement Facilities

An important national initiative in juvenile justice is Juvenile Offender Reentry (JOR). The renewed emphasis on offender reintegration has generated significant attention to juvenile justice practices, with the notable exception of juvenile confinement facilities. Juvenile detention and, to a lesser degree, juvenile corrections practitioners are involved but not invested in reentry, having made very few programmatic changes to accommodate JOR initiatives largely because these initiatives have been external to the institution and its staff. Yet, reentry is a powerful concept for juvenile facility practitioners, and the application of reentry principles could have a profound impact on daily operations. This article addresses a range of issues about investing juvenile institutions in reentry practices. Several reentry models are discussed along with their implications for daily operations and programs.