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921.
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) has been widely used in a variety of ways to screen candidates for
law enforcement positions. This study extends the use of the MMPI Good Cop/Bad Cop (GC/BC) profile (Blau, Super, & Brady,
1993) to the MMPI-2. The MMPI-2 profiles of 39 veteran police officers were used to predict their performance (No Apparent
Problems, Borderline, or Serious Problems Possible), and these predictions were compared with supervisors’ ratings of the
officers’ actual performance. The MMPI-2 predictions were accurate for 46% of the officers, a rate that was significantly
better than chance (p=.024). Based on the current data, the best selection outcome would be obtained by accepting officers
whose MMPI-2 profiles place them in the No Apparent Problems or Borderline groups, and rejecting officers whose profiles suggest
Serious Problems Possible. This could be accomplished simply by rejecting any officer who obtained a score above 65T on any
of the clinical scales. This selection strategy would have resulted in the acceptance of 22 officers, 19 of whom were highly
rated by their supervisors, and the rejection of 17 officers, 11 of whom were rated as borderline or poorer by their supervisors.
It would also result in the erroneous rejection of 6 officers who were highly rated by supervisors.
AUTHOR NOTE: An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1994 annual meeting of the Society for Police and Criminal
Psychology, in Roswell, New Mexico. The authors wish to thank Jim Herndon, Ph.D., for this comments on this study. 相似文献
922.
923.
Frank Neubacher Michael Walter Helena Vaacute;lková Krzysztof Krajewski 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》1999,7(4):539-562
The authors trace and compare the developments in recorded juvenile delinquency in Hamburg, Prague, Cracow and Budapest from 1991-1997 and then analyse the processing and selection procedures of the various justice systems. They devote special attention to ethnic minorities within this filtering process. The most salient feature is that the crime rates and processing structures in the former socialist countries display considerable similarities. It would almost be possible to speak of a specific type of criminal justice system with a typical form of reaction. While in the West, the large number of suspects is considerably reduced during later stages of selection to a much smaller number (those actually sentenced and/or imprisoned), what the authors call a funnel model, in the East a smaller number of suspected offenders enters this selection process, but tends to remain within it and be sentenced - the cylinder model. These procedural structures have changed little in the 1990s, and there has certainly not been any increasing alignment of the Eastern systems with the Western one. Indeed, the difference has, if anything, become greater. These lower crime statistics as compared with the West - represented here by Hamburg - are, however, not only the result of equally large discrepancies between the real crime rates, but in this regard the pro-active crime prevention measures of the police, which in Hamburg have caused the inclusion of an increased number of juveniles and foreigners in the crime statistics since 1995, have also had a great effect. The research project thus clearly demonstrates the importance of interpreting crime statistics neither as a true representation nor as a distorted reflection of the activities of a criminal justice system. Instead, these statistics should be seen as reflecting specific processing procedures and methods of crime control. 相似文献
924.
Vaughn MS 《Crime, Law and Social Change》1999,31(4):273-302
In prison and jail subcultures, custodial personnel are committed to the penal harm movement, which seeks to inflict pain
on prisoners. Conversely, correctional medical personnel are sworn to the Hippocratic Oath and are committed to alleviating
prisoners' suffering. The Hippocratic Oath is violated when correctional medical workers adopt penal harm mandates and inflict
pain on prisoners. By analyzing lawsuits filed by prisoners under state tort law, this article shows how the penal harm movement
co-opts some correctional medical employees into abandoning their treatment and healing mission, thus causing denial or delay
of medical treatment to prisoners.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
925.
The author discusses some background matters concerning the US criminal justice systems that may provide useful context for non-US readers, and summarises the main general conclusions about the operation of community penalties from two decades' research. He also briefly summarises research concerning each of the major penalties that have been attempted. Why American jurisdictions have been comparatively unsuccessful at use of community penalties as alternatives to incarceration and whether that lack of receptivity can be changed is discussed in the conclusion. 相似文献
926.
Law and Philosophy - 相似文献
927.
928.
Two opposing models of public-goods undersupply are those of “market failure” and “government failure”. Empirical work on the relative explanatory power of these two frameworks has been limited by the scarcity of acceptable data. The case of climate-controlled walkways in major urban cores is a rare instance where such difficulties can be overcome. We investigate the supply of CCWs in 55 large city-cores in North America. We find that (1) CCW networks are well-supplied by market forces, when (2) such forces are not frustrated by government policy. We also find evidence that (3) rules-based regimes dominate discretion-based regimes. These results are consistent with the position that the “government-failure” paradigm is a viable alternative to the traditional “market failure” paradigm. 相似文献
929.
The areas of Public Finance and Financial Management present potential problems for small and rural local governments. Responses from a survey of West Virginia local public officials were used to examine the severity of these two issues. Both issues were thought to be of equal importance Instead, the findings showed that Public Finance issues rated very high while Financial Management issues rated very low. Potential influences, such as type of locality, professionalism, and metropolitan area status, fail to explain the differences. Thus, it is concluded that for small and rural localities, Public Finance issues are more important than Financial Management issues 相似文献
930.