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971.
Pablo A. Rodríguez-Merino 《Central Asian Survey》2019,38(1):27-45
ABSTRACTChina has declared a war on terrorism in Xinjiang, identifying violence in the region as a top security threat. However, what nowadays is officially constructed as ‘terrorism’ was framed as ‘counter-revolution’ in the past. Informed by the concept of macrosecuritization and the agenda of critical terrorism studies, this article examines the changing nature of Chinese state framing of violence in Xinjiang. Through a comparative analysis of the discursive construction of the Baren (1990) and Maralbeshi (2013) violent incidents, I find that the terror lexicon has replaced old narratives of counter-revolution to legitimize a sustained crackdown under a novel geopolitical context. The construction of violence in Xinjiang as terrorism, I argue, is contingent, limited and unstable. It marginalizes factors other than an extremist or separatist agency in the incubation of the violence, in particular the frictions created by the crackdown with which the Chinese government is trying to placate the unrest. 相似文献
972.
Suárez-Peñaranda JM Rico-Boquete R Muñoz JI Rodríguez-Núñez A Martínez Soto MI Rodríguez-Calvo M Concheiro-Carro L 《Journal of forensic sciences》2000,45(4):920-922
Coronary sinus thrombosis is an unusual but potentially serious complication of the use of central venous devices. We report a fatal case of coronary sinus thrombosis in relation to a malpositioned central venous catheter. The death occurred very soon following the beginning of symptoms and the cause could not be suspected. Direct trauma of the catheter on the coronary sinus endothelium seems the most probable cause of the thrombosis. 相似文献
973.
Osuna E Pérez-Cárceles MD Moreno M Bedate A Conejero J Abenza JM Martínez P Luna A 《Forensic science international》2000,108(3):205-213
Deaths from the effects of alcohol intoxication are encountered routinely in forensic practice. In an important number of cases difficulty may arise in interpreting the significance of results obtained in the autopsy. In clinical practice biochemical markers, particularly serum gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), and erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume are used to diagnose heavy alcohol consumption. CDT is used as a reliable and specific marker. In postmortem diagnosis, because of the difficulty in interpreting blood alcohol levels and relatively non-specific pathological features, biochemical compounds have been studied for use as possible markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the postmortem determination of CDT in vitreous humor as a confirmation of antemortem alcoholism. CDT levels were studied in 66 male cadavers with a mean age of 55.9 years (S.D. 17.0, range 22-87 years) with a mean postmortem interval of 17.9 h (S.D. 11.4, range 4-72 h). Cases were assigned to two diagnostic groups according to the antemortem diagnosis of alcoholism. Statistically significant differences were found for CDT and ALT concentrations between the two diagnostic groups. The highest vitreous humor levels of CDT and ALT were obtained in the group of cases with a previous diagnosis of alcoholism. Our results suggest that vitreous humor CDT levels are useful in cases where the postmortem diagnosis of alcoholism is hindered by the non-specificity of data. 相似文献
974.
975.
Measuring the efficiency of local police force 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Isabel-María García-Sánchez 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2009,27(1):59-77
This study proposed a methodology of analysis for estimating the efficiency with which the competences in matters of public
and road safety are carried out. This proposal seeks to mitigate (i) the subjectivity in the selection of variables; (ii)
the partiality inherent to the productivity indicators; and (iii) the generality of the analysis in previous studies. Applying
the methodology proposed to the areas of public and road safety, individually and jointly, obtaining the main conclusions:
the mean pure technical efficiency of the police force as a whole is 69.42, with eight towns (27.59%) showing efficient behaviour
and, in the evaluation of the disparity between behaviour by activity and the overall result, the comparative shows a high
degree of similarity between the ordering of the towns in the overall analysis and in public safety. This is not extendable
to the road safety service, since they differ notably in the results obtained both with the area of public safety and with
the overall action of the force.
相似文献
976.
Susana Camacho Cláudia Vieira-Silva Teresa Ribeiro Helena Geada 《Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series》2008,1(1):100-101
A five Mini-SGM multiplex which encompasses TH01, FGA, D18S51, D16S539 and D2S1338, common STR markers in human identity testing, have been performed. Two cases with different biological tissues were selected to illustrate the usefulness of this technique in forensic casework. The use of routine methodology can sometimes give only a partial genetic profile or no profile at all. However, using the Mini-STR technique, a full profile was obtained for the majority of the degraded samples. We conclude that the Mini-SGM methodology is more sensible than routine methodology for degraded samples, although a full genetic profile is not obtained in all cases as results are still very much sample-dependent. This Mini-SGM multiplex can be considered a useful tool to complement conventional STR analysis in degraded samples. 相似文献
977.
The report describes a fatal outcome in a 5-year-old male who died after drinking a fatal dose of ethanol at the party held by his parents. Urine and blood alcohol level of the deceased was 0.4 and 0.5 g/dL, what might explain the sudden death of the child. In addition, the analysis of the boy's hair demonstrated the presence of ethyl glucuronide (EtG), a marker of alcohol consumption; hair EtG concentration levels indicated that the boy might have occasionally imbibed alcohol prior to death. Pathological lesions of the liver observed in histopathology did not contradict such a hypothesis. 相似文献
978.
This paper evaluates the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC), nausea (feeling of being slightly intoxicated) and subjective driving performance after ingesting a moderate dose of alcohol in the presence of a light meal, which intends to approach a social drinking setting. 119 healthy individuals (69 males and 50 females, aged 21.7+/-3.0) ingested three glasses of wine (95mL each) and their BrAC was determined by an Alcotest 7410 at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120min post-drinking. 46% of females and no male subjects exceeded a BrAC of 0.25mg/L, the legal limit for driving fixed by some Western countries. 53% of the study population felt nausea during the experimental session and 20% self-reported impairment of their driving skills. In both cases these subjective effects were more pronounced in females. The major determinants of mean BrAC were time post-drinking, gender (male) and body mass index (BMI), all these variables being inversely associated. Females and individuals with a BMI lower than 22.5kg/m(2) were at an increased risk of exceeding the legal limit of BrAC. The feeling of nausea was significantly associated with gender (females), the ingestion of up to 2 drinks on weekdays, and having exceeded a BrAC of 0.25mg/L during the experimental study. The main predictor of self-perception of impaired driving skills was the feeling of nausea, followed by a BrAC in excess of 0.25mg/L. In conclusion, both females and subjects with lower BMI are at an increased risk of exceeding the legal limit of BrAC after moderate alcohol consumption resembling a social drinking setting. 相似文献
979.
Marchei E Muñoz JA García-Algar O Pellegrini M Vall O Zuccaro P Pichini S 《Forensic science international》2008,177(1):42-46
Examination of various SIM cards and smart card devices indicates that data may be retained in SIM card memory structures even after heating to temperatures up to 450 degrees C, which the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has determined to be approximately the maximum average sustained temperature at desk height in a house fire. However, in many cases, and certainly for temperatures greater than 450 degrees C, the SIM card chip has suffered structural or mechanical damage that renders simple probing or rewiring ineffective. Nevertheless, this has not necessarily affected the data, which is stored as charge in floating gates, and alternative methods for directly accessing the stored charge may be applicable. 相似文献
980.
António F. Tavares Sílvia M. Mendes Cláudia S. Costa 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2008,14(4):417-429
In this paper, we test the effect of three different criminal deterrence theory policy tools: criminal certainty, severity,
and celerity of punishment. Whereas most criminal deterrence studies in this field focus on the former two components of deterrence
theory, this study also examines the potential deterrent effect of the latter component. Using a time-series design with monthly
data, we estimate the effects of an increase in the threat of punishment for traffic offenses resulting from a general increase
in fines for traffic offenses, an increase in the probability of getting caught with a blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) level
outside the legal limits, and the enactment of an “on-the-spot” fine payment policy in Portugal. We find strong evidence to
support a severity effect. An increase in the statutory severity of sentence maxima for traffic violations leads to a decrease
in accident and injury rates—approximately an average 0.5 percent reduction in monthly accident and injury rates. Changes
in the BAC levels and the mandatory swift payment policy did not produce any convincing deterrence impact.
相似文献
Cláudia S. CostaEmail: |