全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1146篇 |
免费 | 70篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 97篇 |
工人农民 | 65篇 |
世界政治 | 165篇 |
外交国际关系 | 83篇 |
法律 | 618篇 |
政治理论 | 188篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 17篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 29篇 |
2020年 | 45篇 |
2019年 | 48篇 |
2018年 | 76篇 |
2017年 | 70篇 |
2016年 | 61篇 |
2015年 | 39篇 |
2014年 | 62篇 |
2013年 | 184篇 |
2012年 | 52篇 |
2011年 | 44篇 |
2010年 | 25篇 |
2009年 | 22篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 36篇 |
2006年 | 36篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 36篇 |
2003年 | 33篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 34篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1216条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
222.
223.
Jordan Gans‐Morse Sebastián Mazzuca Simeon Nichter 《American journal of political science》2014,58(2):415-432
Although many studies of clientelism focus exclusively on vote buying, political machines often employ diverse portfolios of strategies. We provide a theoretical framework and formal model to explain how and why machines mix four clientelist strategies during elections: vote buying, turnout buying, abstention buying, and double persuasion. Machines tailor their portfolios to the political preferences and voting costs of the electorate. They also adapt their mix to at least five contextual factors: compulsory voting, ballot secrecy, political salience, machine support, and political polarization. Our analysis yields numerous insights, such as why the introduction of compulsory voting may increase vote buying, and why enhanced ballot secrecy may increase turnout buying and abstention buying. Evidence from various countries is consistent with our predictions and suggests the need for empirical studies to pay closer attention to the ways in which machines combine clientelist strategies. 相似文献
224.
225.
226.
Viviane Brachet-Márquez Guillermo V. Alonso Mónica Uribe Gómez 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2014,14(3-4):346-358
One revealing test for gauging the extent to which pluralist democracy has advanced in the recently (re)democratized countries of Latin America is to determine the extent to which interest groups have come to participate in policy making in formal, open, extensive, and accepted ways as they mostly do in advanced liberal democracies. In other words, is this a new era or more of the same? To provide insights into this question, using six hypotheses, this article compares social insurance reform in Argentina and Mexico, and public health reform in Colombia. It appears that the political processes through which the reforms were adopted were fairly democratic, although aspects of the old regimes in all three countries, particularly corporatist relationships, were indispensable backups. The weaknesses that were apparent, however, stem less from the old ways of doing political business and more from the immaturity of the democratic process. Plus, pressures were felt by the executive branches and their allies to show to the international community that their country was a safe place in which to invest. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
227.
Elements of the business lobby, particular sectors of big business and its peak associations, have been a continual influence, sometimes a dominant force, in Chilean politics since the second half of the 19th century. This prominence and sustained influence is particularly noteworthy since the 1930s, given the various forms of democracy experienced in Chile, the harsh military dictatorship of the 1970s and 1980s, and because the return to democracy in 1990 has meant increasing competition among interest groups. This article offers an explanation of the political significance of the big business community by reference to both common factors that shape the influence of business across political systems and especially the developments in Chile's political economy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
228.
M T Zarrabeitia J A Riancho P Sánchez-Diz P Sánchez-Velasco 《Forensic science international》2001,123(1):78-80
Allele and haplotype frequencies for 7 Y-specific STR loci (DYS19, DYS389-I, DYS389-II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393) had been determined in a sample of 107 unrelated males living in Cantabria, a region in northern Spain, by means of two multiplex PCRs. 相似文献
229.
Allele frequencies for 11 short tandem repeats (STRs) loci (CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01, F13A01, FESFPS, vWA, D16S539, D7S820, D13S317, F13B and LPL) were obtained from a sample of 225 unrelated individuals born in the Entre Ríos state of Argentina. 相似文献
230.
Chimpanzee homologous of human Y specific STRs. A comparative study and a proposal for nomenclature 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Gusmão L González-Neira A Alves C Lareu M Costa S Amorim A Carracedo A 《Forensic science international》2002,126(2):129-136
Eleven Y specific microsatellites, previously studied in humans, were typed for fragment length and sequenced in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).The primers described by Ayub et al. (Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 2000, 2) for amplifying DYS434, DYS435, DYS436, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439 and those described by White et al. (Genomics, 57, 1999, 433) for GATA A10, A7.1, A7.2, C4, and H4, were used to amplify DNA samples from chimpanzees.Primers described for Y GATA A4 were found to amplify the same region as reported for DYS439. Moreover, the GATA A4 forward primer only matches the repeat flanking region in 14 of the 28bp, being responsible for a very weak amplification. Therefore, this system was not included in this study.The analysis of the repeat and sequence structure observed in chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes allowed evolutionary comparisons as well as the basis for improving Y STR nomenclature and therefore, a unified nomenclature for these novel STRs is proposed to the scientific community following ISFG recommendations. 相似文献