Philosophers,Activists, and Radicals: A Story of Human Rights and Other Scandals

Paradoxically, the political success of human rights is often taken to be its philosophical failing. From US interventions to International NGOs to indigenous movements, human rights have found a place in diverse political spaces, while being applied to disparate goals and expressed in a range of practices. This heteronomy is vital to the global appeal of human rights, but for traditional moral and political philosophy it is something of a scandal. This paper is an attempt to understand and theorize human rights on the terrain of the social actors who put them to use, particularly radical activists that have a more critical relationship to human rights. Attempting to avoid the philosophical pathology of demanding that the world reflect our conception of it, we base our reflection on the ambiguous, and potentially un-patterned, texture of human rights practice—taking seriously the idea that human rights express a relationship of power, importantly concerned with its legitimate arrangement and limitation. In both the philosophical literature and human rights activism, there seems to be a consensus on basic rights as undeniable moral principles of political legitimacy. This use of human rights is contrasted with radical social movements that reject this conception of rights as ideological and illegitimate, making specific reference to the Zapatista movement (Chiapas, Mexico) and the Landless Peasant Movement of Brazil (MST, from the Portuguese Movimento dos trabalhadores rurais Sem Terra), which are critical of the human rights discourse, but also make strategic use of the idea and offer alternative articulations of political legitimacy.     

“读懂”马克思——“五种‘社会形态”’说对马克思“社会”、“经济的社会形态”和“社会形态”范畴的混淆

所谓“五种‘社会形态”’的“社会形态”,混淆马克思原著文本新唯物主义史观人类社会历史发展“社会”、“经济的社会形态”“社会形态”不同范畴的原意;是对马克思“社会”、“经济的社会形态”和“社会形态”三范畴与生产力原理不同关系混同。     

Why is methenamine detected in Goma-2 dynamites originally methenamine free? An interpretation of relevant forensic results

After the train bombing in Madrid (Spain) on 11 March 2004, methenamine was detected in some of the specimens of Goma-2 ECO dynamite submitted to the forensic laboratories when analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS). Methenamine is synthesized from formaldehyde and ammonia through a condensation reaction. However, neither methenamine nor any of these compounds were used to manufacture Goma-2 ECO dynamite. Four different experiments were designed in order to explain the presence of methenamine detected in the dynamite samples analyzed. In the first one, GC-MS was used to analyze the individual components of Goma-2 ECO provided by the manufacturer and the components mixed in a raw paste. Methenamine was detected in the manufacturer's ammonium nitrate and in the raw paste. The other experiments were designed to find the precursors sources for methenamine generation in Goma-2 ECO. Results revealed that these sources could be ammonium nitrate for ammonia and sawdust for formaldehyde. Under heating conditions, dynamite could produce these precursors, which could condense in the injection port of the GC-MS system and generate methenamine. However, methenamine was not always detected in these dynamites. This was explained by the existence of two opposite effects: (a) dynamite stability makes difficult that ammonium nitrate releases ammonia and (b) there is a gradual loss of formaldehyde in sawdust along the time. Both effects can prevent the formation of an amount of methenamine large enough to be detected.     

青少年情感缺失与情感教育研究

青少年在其成长过程中存在着不同程度的情感缺失现象.本文从青少年情感缺失的表现入手,从家庭、学校和社会等方面分析其产生的原因,提出了加强青少年亲情教育、生命教育和体验性教育等情感教育的策略.     

建国初期从严治党的探索与思考

一、坚持把加强党的建设贯穿于领导革命和建设事业的全部过程 历史证明，共产党的领导是中国人民克敌制胜的第一大法宝。加强和改善党的领导是办好中国事情的关键。开国之后，中国共产党坚持把加强党的建设牢牢抓住不放，并且贯穿于领导革命和建设的全部过程，未敢丝毫懈怠。 （一）在历史转折关头，体现了中国共产党抓好自身建设的敏锐性和超前意识。 中国共产党善于从历史的经验中学习。延安整风时期，毛泽东就将郭沫若论李自成的《甲申三百年祭》印发高级干部．告戒全党从李自成的失败中引以为戒。在党的七届二中全会的报告中，毛泽东代…     

论CEPA争端解决机制的构建

CEPA是中国内地与中国香港、澳门特别行政区之间的更紧密经贸安排协议。CEPA的顺利实施对中国两岸三地自由贸易区的建立具有重大意义。但是CEPA在争端解决方面的规定不完善,现成的机制难以解决CEPA争端,所以应当构建一套争端解决机制。一方面应选择合适的解决争端方式,如协商、司法、仲裁、WTO专家组等;另一方面可以借鉴其他争端解决机制的成功经验。NAFTA的成功经验和在实施过程中暴露的不足,值得CEPA借鉴与充实。     

如何运用主要发达国家植物新品种的保护制度

在对美国、欧盟、日本、澳大利亚、新西兰这些主要发达国家植物新品种保护制度现状的介绍，以及主要特点总结的基础上，分析这些国家植物新品种保护制度的未来发展趋势。     

关于“异地养老”的几点思考

近年来，异地养老模式在国内外得到迅速发展。本文分析了异地养老的含义、方式、效果和政策含义。认为，在我国，异地养老的实质是非出生地、非户籍所在地的养老方式，包括长期性迁居养老和季节性休闲养老。异地养老是新兴的养老方式，是居家养老的重要补充但不是替代。异地养老既满足了部分老年人的养生-休闲-观光-治病等的需求，也促进了老龄产业的深入发展，前景看好。最后，本文就构建异地养老“全国一盘棋”政策和制度环境、规避异地养老风险和制定合适的异地养老价格问题提出了思考。     

论我国户籍制度改革的原则及路径

我国现行户籍制度存在很多问题,改革势在必行,并且要遵守一定的原则。其具体路径也必须符合中国的国情。就业地落户政策是我国目前比较可行的户籍改革制度。但是,该制度的实行,必须有一系列的制度配套运行,还要有新的法律予以规范和确立。     

身体力行 “三个代表 切实履行维护职责

江总书记“七一”重要讲话在回顾我们党 80年的奋斗历程后指出 :“所有这些 ,都是为了不断实现好、维护好和发展好最广大人民的利益 ,始终保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。”工会是党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带 ,是国家政权的重要社会支柱 ,是广大职工利益的代表者。维护职工群众的利益是工会与生俱来的根本职责。在改革发展的新形势下如何履行好维护职责 ,是工会干部面临的重要课题 ,也是能否身体力行“三个代表”的具体体现。本人认为履行维护职责应把握维护的内容 ,突出维护的重点 ,改进维护的方式 ,筑牢维护的阵地。一、把握维护的内容江总…