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101.
Previous negotiation research has explored the interaction and communication between crisis negotiators and perpetrators.
A crisis negotiator attempts to resolve a critical incident through negotiation with an individual, or group of persons in
crisis. The purpose of this study was to establish the interpersonal style of crisis negotiators and complementarity of the
interpersonal interaction between them and forensic inpatients. Crisis negotiators, clinical workers and students (n = 90) used the Check List of Interpersonal Transactions-Revised (CLOIT-R) to identify interpersonal style, along with eight
vignettes detailing interpersonal styles. Crisis negotiators were most likely to have a friendly interpersonal style compared
to the other non-trained groups. Complementarity theory was not exclusively supported as submissive individuals did not show
optimistic judgments in working with dominant forensic inpatients and vice versa. Exploratory analysis revealed that dominant
crisis negotiators were optimistic in working with forensic inpatients with a dominant interpersonal style. This study provides
insight into the area of interpersonal complementarity of crisis negotiators and forensic inpatients. Whilst further research
is required, a potential new finding was established, with significant ‘similarity’ found when dominant crisis negotiators
are asked to work with dominant forensic inpatients. 相似文献
102.
Boyd NM 《Journal of prevention & intervention in the community》2011,39(1):5-18
This article explores organization development (OD) interventions and their likelihood of increasing social change outcomes in public agencies. The central argument of this work is that public and nonprofit organizations can deliver better social outcomes by systematically engaging in OD interventions. An in-depth survey was conducted in 3 agencies of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania at the end of the gubernatorial administration of Tom Ridge (1995-2002). During his administration, Governor Ridge led the agencies of Pennsylvania government through a large-scale change effort to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery to the citizens of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The change effort was a remarkable event for the Commonwealth because no other governor in the history of the state had attempted to conceptualize and deliver a comprehensive large-scale change management initiative. The successes and setbacks served as a fertile context to shed light on the following research question: Do OD interventions increase the likelihood that public organizations will deliver better social outcomes? This question is important in that public organizations may need to engage in organization development activities to improve their internal operations, which in turn may help them provide exemplary social outcomes to those whom they serve. In short, organization development interventions might allow public organizations to help themselves to help others. 相似文献
103.
104.
Peter A. Weiss Katherine J. Bell William U. Weiss 《Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology》2010,25(1):49-55
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of criminal malingering on the MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC)
scales. Sixty undergraduate students were given the MMPI-2 twice. One administration was conducted according to the MMPI-2
manual, and the other was given with a special set of malingering instructions specific to a prison setting. The two MMPI-2
profiles for each participant were scored for both the Basic and RC scales. Eight participants were eliminated from the data
analysis due to validity (VRIN or TRIN) concerns. Data from the remaining 52 participants were analyzed using a 2 × 2 repeated
measures ANOVA. Results showed that, as expected, the participants achieved higher MMPI-2 scores in the malingering condition.
Also, participants achieved higher scores overall on the Basic scales and a significant interaction showed that participants
achieved higher scores on the Basic Scales in the malingering condition than on the RC scales in that condition. These results
supported prior research, indicating that malingerers produce elevated RC profiles. However, the present results also suggest
that the Basic scales may be more effective in actually detecting malingerers, mainly due to the much lower ceiling on the
RC scaled scores. Further implications of these findings for research and clinical work are also discussed. 相似文献
105.
This study explores the existence and predictive ability of a behavior-based typology of men who were adjudicated for a domestic
violence crime in an urban criminal justice system. Data from 671 men who completed a 2-hour biopsychosocial assessment were
analyzed using cluster analysis. Findings indicate a typology of low level criminality (25.6%), dysphoric volatile behavior
(42.2%), and dysphoric general violence (32.2%) similar to previous typologies, but with some unique characteristics. The
behavior-based typology predicted both program completion and subsequent rearrest. This study provides preliminary support
for the development of typological assessment in criminal justice and BIP settings for early identification of men who may
need additional interventions. 相似文献
106.
Recent research using a calibration approach indicates that eyewitness confidence assessments obtained immediately after a
positive identification decision provide a useful guide as to the likely accuracy of the identification. This study extended
research on the boundary conditions of the confidence–accuracy (CA) relationship by varying the retention interval between
encoding and identification test. Participants (N = 1,063) viewed one of five different targets in a community setting and attempted an identification from an 8-person target-present
or -absent lineup either immediately or several weeks later. Compared to the immediate condition, the delay condition produced
greater overconfidence and lower diagnosticity. However, for choosers at both retention intervals there was a meaningful CA
relationship and diagnosticity was much stronger at high than low confidence levels. 相似文献
107.
Davis NL Horan PM Romich T Roman JL Lacy JM Catanese CA 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2010,31(4):330-334
This is a series reviewing 14 cases of giant saccular aneurysms diagnosed at the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of New York City collected over an 11-year period. Data collected on all 14 cases included neuropathological findings, comorbidities, and toxicological findings. Of these 14 cases, 8 were in women, and the ages ranged from 3 to 79 years, with a mean and a median of 50 years. Women were overrepresented in the sixth through eighth decades. Of the 14 cases described, 11 presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage; 3, no hemorrhage; 2, subdural hemorrhage; 8, intraventricular hemorrhage; 2, intracerebral hemorrhage; and 8, more than 1 hemorrhage type. Location of the aneurysms varied with 6 in the left side of the brain, 6 present in the right side of the brain, and 2 at the midline. We described the clinical, pathological, and toxicological findings associated with these giant aneurysms. 相似文献
108.
109.
110.
Exploring income inequality in rural,coastal Viet Nam 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W. Neil Adger 《发展研究杂志》2013,49(5):96-119
Income inequality has been rising in parallel with the economic liberalisation process in the former centrally planned economies. The opportunities for non‐agricultural income associated with the market liberalisation process in former centrally planned economies would seem to be important in determining inequality within the rural sector. This article reviews the trends in inequality in Viet Nam examining differential trends and hypothesised causes. Inequality is important because of its relationship to other factors in the evolution of the agricultural economy such as the incidence of poverty and the sustainability of emerging income sources. This article analyses income inequality based on data collected by the author in two Districts in coastal northern Viet Nam. The results demonstrate that non‐agricultural income sources, specifically aquaculture and wage and remittance, contribute more to present inequality than any other income source. Simulation shows that the emergence of aquaculture since the late 1980s has been driving the inequality increase in that period. Hence the analysis provides evidence that non‐agricultural income increases inequality even without asset concentration. This concentration of income is important in the north Viet Nam context since it is concurrent with present‐day land allocation and will affect the structure of future income growth. 相似文献