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211.
212.
The Interplay Between Diabetes and Pancreatitis: Two Case Reports of Sudden,Natural Deaths and a Review of the Literature 下载免费PDF全文
Daniel C. Butler B.A. Anthony J. Emanuel B.S. Sally E. Self M.D. Nicholas I. Batalis M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):519-524
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease involving insulin resistance or deficit that, when left unchecked, may cause severe hyperglycemia and subsequent end‐organ damage. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is inflammation of the pancreas that can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. AP and DM both account for a significant amount of sudden deaths, and rarely both disease processes may be present in the same decedent, causing some difficulty in wording the cause of death statement. Although much research has been directed at studying the causes and risk factors for AP and DM, there is a complex interplay between these diseases that is not fully understood. This study presents two autopsy cases of sudden, natural deaths that illustrate this interplay, along with a review of the literature. An algorithm for differentiating AP and DM is then discussed in the context of the presented cases as a proposed aid for forensic pathologists in the certification of such deaths. 相似文献
213.
This is the first quantitative study to examine Canada’s only Integrated Domestic Violence Court. The methodology used a quasi-experimental design with parallel groups with baseline equivalence. Results demonstrate that when support services are provided to victims of domestic violence during family separation, children benefit from greater involvement with both parents. There was more compliance with child support in the integrated court than the comparison group and compliance in custody and access were two variables that predicted the type of final custody orders. There were fewer judges involved in the IDVC court than comparison group; however, there were no differences in the number of court appearances between groups. The IDVC demonstrates a promising intervention to address domestic violence that involves both criminal and family law courts. Future research is needed to explore the views of children, victims and offenders about their experiences with the IDVC. 相似文献
214.
Nicholas V. Passalacqua M.S. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(2):482-487
Abstract: Accurate age‐at‐death estimates are crucial to forensic anthropologists when onstructing biological profiles aimed at narrowing a missing‐persons list and to allow for timely and efficient identification of an unknown victim. The present contribution evaluates the utility of three new age‐at‐death estimation techniques recently proposed by Samworth and Gowland (2007). Results indicate that, in the samples under study, the Samworth and Gowland estimates from the pubic symphysis and auricular surface perform similar to alternate phase methods. The combined method does not appear to further enhance either the precision or the accuracy of the single pubic symphysis age‐at‐death estimate. In conclusion, these new methods seem to be more robust to distribution deviations than originally proposed by Samworth and Gowland (2007). They are therefore suitable for immediate and reliable forensic usage in the United States and worthy of further research for their use in North American forensic contexts. 相似文献
215.
Timothy G. Baumer M.S. Marcus Nashelsky M.D. Carolyn V. Hurst B.A. Nicholas V. Passalacqua M.S. Todd W. Fenton Ph.D. Roger C. Haut Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(6):1416-1421
Abstract: This study documents four clinical cases of fatal crush injuries to children between 1.5 and 6 years of age with correlations between modeled stress and clinically observed fracture patterns. The clinical case fractures were concentrated in the basicranium, bridged the impact sites, and traversed the middle cranial fossa in the area of the spheno‐occipital synchondrosis. The crushing forces from these cases were recreated on a simplified finite element model of a cranium by applying bilateral pressures to corresponding regions. Numerous trials were run to develop a representative pattern of principal stress directions. In all cases, the highest tensile stresses were located on the basicranium and corresponded to the observed fracture path(s). These results suggest that prefailure stress field diagrams may predict fracture propagation paths, although these will not be exact. Also, these analyses indicate that quasi‐static bilateral loading of the cranium may lead to predictable fracture of the basicranium. 相似文献
216.
Social science research and the courts have begun to recognize the special challenges posed by “high‐conflict” separations for children and the justice system. The use of “high conflict” terminology by social science researchers and the courts has increased dramatically over the past decade. This is an important development, but the term is often used vaguely and to characterize very different types of cases. An analysis of Canadian case law reveals that some judges are starting to differentiate between various degrees and types of high conflict. Often this judicial differentiation is implicit and occurs without full articulation of the factors that are taken into account in applying different remedies. There is a need for the development of more refined, explicit analytical concepts for the identification and differentiation of various types of high conflict cases. Empirically driven social science research can assist mental health professionals, lawyers and the courts in better understanding these cases and providing the most appropriate interventions. As a tentative scheme for differentiating cases, we propose distinguishing between high conflict cases where there is: (1) poor communication; (2) domestic violence; and (3) alienation. Further, there must be a differentiation between cases where one parent is a primary instigator for the conflict or abuse, and those where both parents bear significant responsibility. 相似文献
217.
Nicholas M. Odhiambo 《Economic Change and Restructuring》2010,43(3):205-219
In this paper we examine the dynamic causal relationship between financial development, investment and economic growth in
South Africa—using the newly developed ARDL-Bounds testing procedure. Unlike the majority of the previous studies, we incorporate
investment in the bivariate model between financial development and economic growth—thereby creating a simple trivariate causality
model. In addition, we use three proxies of financial development, namely M2/GDP, the ratio of private sector credit to GDP
and the ratio of liquid liabilities to GDP in order to test the robustness of the results. Our results show that, on the whole,
economic growth has a formidable influence on the financial sector development. The study also finds that there is a distinct
unidirectional causal flow from economic growth to investment. Moreover, the study also finds that investment, which results
from growth, Granger-causes financial development. The study, therefore, recommends that South Africa should intensify its
pro-growth policies in order to bolster investment and financial development. 相似文献
218.
The European Commission's eJustice Strategy seems to contemplate that all lawyers will be issued with an ‘identity card’ card, perhaps intended to include a key for making digital signatures. The Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE) is proposing to introduce such a card. The purpose of this article is to clarify what ‘identity’ is and what is involved in verifying it, and to offer some general observations about identity cards. Although written with the eJustice proposals in mind, nevertheless the purpose of this article is to address the topic in its widest sense, which means it affects identity and its verification, whatever the circumstances. 相似文献
219.
Since the publication of analyses suggesting the significant impact on youth homicide of the Boston “pulling levers” intervention,
a series of studies of similar strategies have indicated promise in reducing homicide and gun assaults. One of these studies
was an assessment of a pulling levers strategy in Indianapolis, where trend analyses indicated a significant reduction in
homicide following the intervention, while six other similar Midwestern cities did not experience a significant decline in
homicide. We re-assess the results of the Indianapolis study by disaggregating the offenses into gang- and non-gang homicides.
Given that the pulling levers program focused on influencing gangs and networks of chronic offenders, the impact of the intervention
should be more apparent for gang homicides than for non-gang homicides. Alternatively, should the impact be similar for non-gang
homicides, then it is more likely that the downward trend would be caused by unmeasured external forces. Coefficient-difference
tests relying on estimates obtained from autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time–series models indicate that
gang homicides declined significantly more than did non-gang homicides following the Indianapolis intervention. These findings
suggest ‘something happened’ to gang homicides that did not happen to non-gang homicides, which adds further support that
the pulling levers initiative was the driving force behind the overall reduction in homicide in Indianapolis.
Nicholas Corsaro is an assistant professor in the Center for the Study of Crime, Delinquency, and Corrections at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (SIUC). Prior to joining SIUC, he completed his Ph.D. at Michigan State University in 2007. Corsaro’s research interests include strategic approaches to reducing crime, ecological criminology, program evaluation, and quantitative statistical techniques. Recent articles have appeared in Victims and Offenders and Justice Quarterly. Edmund McGarrell is professor and director of the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. McGarrell’s research interests are in communities and crime, with particular emphasis on the studying of problem solving responses to gun, gang, and drug market crime and violence. Recent articles have appeared in Justice Quarterly, Policing, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, and the Journal of Criminal Justice. 相似文献
Nicholas CorsaroEmail: |
Nicholas Corsaro is an assistant professor in the Center for the Study of Crime, Delinquency, and Corrections at Southern Illinois University-Carbondale (SIUC). Prior to joining SIUC, he completed his Ph.D. at Michigan State University in 2007. Corsaro’s research interests include strategic approaches to reducing crime, ecological criminology, program evaluation, and quantitative statistical techniques. Recent articles have appeared in Victims and Offenders and Justice Quarterly. Edmund McGarrell is professor and director of the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. McGarrell’s research interests are in communities and crime, with particular emphasis on the studying of problem solving responses to gun, gang, and drug market crime and violence. Recent articles have appeared in Justice Quarterly, Policing, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, and the Journal of Criminal Justice. 相似文献
220.
The goal of this paper is to discuss scientific integrity, consumerism, conflicts of interest, and transparency within the context of forensic science. Forensic scientists play crucial roles within the legal system and are constantly under various pressures when performing analytical work, generating reports based on their analyses, or testifying to the content of these reports. Maintaining the scientific integrity of these actions is paramount to supporting a functional legal system and the practice of good science. Our goal is to discuss the importance of scientific integrity as well as the factors it may compromise, so that forensic practitioners may be better equipped to recognize and avoid conflicts of interest when they arise. In this discussion we define terms, concepts, and professional relationships as well as present three case studies to contextualize these ideas. 相似文献