Nexus between defence spending,economic growth and development: evidence from a disaggregated panel data analysis

Economic Change and Restructuring - This study investigates the causal effect relationship between defence spending, economic growth and development in three regions for the period 1990–2018....     

Statistics of Legal Infrastructures: A Review of the Law and Finance Literature

Two books on law and development and the law-and-finance literaturehave produced a major opening for the field of internationalstatistical comparisons of legal systems. This review providessome background from microstructure to help the understandingof the effects the statistical comparisons demonstrate and pointsout opportunities for further research.     

The federal government and the RCMP

Abstract: The relationship between governments and police is an important element of the bond between the citizen and the state. The relationship is subject to important constitutional principles that support orderly, representative, democratic govemment. It is also shaped by the attitudes of the general public, government officials and police forces. For the federal government and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, institutional arrangements and history also play important roles in shaping the relationship. The relationship on the whole has been unsatisfactory. This is due in part to inadequate public debate about ways of ensuring both investigative independence and appropriate democratic control and accountability. There is no more com-licated or difficult set of relationships in the entire machinery of government than those between governments and police. The article discusses some of the underlying problems and possible means of bringing about improvements. Sommaire: Les rapports entre le gouvernement et la police constituent un élément important des relations entre le citoyen et l'État. Régis par des principes constitutionnels importants qui sous-tendent tout mode de gouvernement ordonné, représentatif et démocratique, ces rapports sont aussi façonnés par des attitudes du grand public, des fonctionnaires et de la police. Pour le gouvernement fédéral et la Gendarmerie royale du Canada, les configurations institutionnelles et l'histoire jouent également un rôle de taille dans l'évolution de leurs rapports. Dans l'ensemble, ces rapports ont été insatisfaisants, en partie à cause de l'inadéquation du débat public sur la manière dont il faudrait assurer tant l'indépendance d'enquête que les contrôles et la responsabilité démocratique. Les relations entre le gouvernement et la police sont les plus complexes et les plus difficiles dans l'ensemble du gouvernement. Dans cet article, l'auteur examine certains problèmes sous-jacents et des moyens d'amélioration.     

Forward,Gillick: Are competent children autonomous medical decision makers? New developments in Australia

Another chapter has opened in the tortured history of the status of Gillick competence. Never before has Gillick been extended to permit a mature child to make autonomous medical decisions over and above the curial ‘parens patriae’ power. In 2013, two judicial decisions promulgated from different Australian courts are in conflict over this most fundamental of questions. This Article situates the law of the ‘parens patriae’ power in Australia and, drawing on overseas conceptualizations of analogous doctrine, explores the bases for and potential consequences of this conflict.     

Sex and Race: Are Black Candidates More Likely to be Disadvantaged by Sex Scandals?

A growing body of work suggests that exposure to subtle racial cues prompts white voters to penalize black candidates, and that the effects of these cues may influence outcomes indirectly via perceptions of candidate ideology. We test hypotheses related to these ideas using two experiments based on national samples. In one experiment, we manipulated the race of a candidate (Barack Obama vs. John Edwards) accused of sexual impropriety. We found that while both candidates suffered from the accusation, the scandal led respondents to view Obama as more liberal than Edwards, especially among resentful and engaged whites. Second, overall evaluations of Obama declined more sharply than for Edwards. In the other experiment, we manipulated the explicitness of the scandal, and found that implicit cues were more damaging for Obama than explicit ones.