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921.
The objective of this study was to examine the association between education and domestic violence among women being offered an HIV test in urban and rural areas in Kenya. A sample selection of women who experienced physical (n = 4,308), sexual (n = 4,309), and emotional violence (n = 4,312) aged 15 to 49 allowed for the estimation of the association between education and domestic violence with further analysis stratified by urban and rural residence. The main outcome of interest was a three-factor (physical, sexual, and emotional) measure for violence with the main predictor being education. Nearly half of all domestic violence, physical (46%), sexual (45%), and emotional (45%) occurred among women aged 15 to 29. After adjusting for confounding variables, women who resided in urban areas and had a postprimary/vocational/secondary and college/university education were 26% (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: [0.64, 0.86]), p < .001 and 22% (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: [0.66, 0.92]), p < .01 less likely to have experienced physical violence compared to those who had a primary education respectively. This was 17% (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: [0.73, 0.94]), p < .01 and 17% (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: [0.72, 0.96]), p < .05 less likely among women who resided in rural areas. A surprising finding was that women residing in rural areas with less than a primary education were 35% less likely to have experienced sexual violence (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: [0.43, 0.99]), p < .01 compared to those who had a primary education. These findings suggest that physical, sexual, and emotional violence were prevalent in Kenya among married and formerly married women. This study indicates that more research is needed to understand factors for HIV/AIDS among Kenyan women who have specifically tested positive for HIV or identified as AIDS-positive and the implications for women's health. 相似文献
922.
Fuat Oğuz 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2010,30(1):41-58
A fundamental question facing the regulatory and competition authorities is whether to delegate competition policy issues
of utilities to regulatory agencies or competition authorities. While, some countries prefer ‘light handed regulation’ by
competition authorities, others grant substantial power to independent regulatory agencies. Turkey followed the liberalization
wave in electricity with a regulatory reform in 2001. Recently, a slight shift of tide has appeared in previously liberalized
markets. Electricity markets are the forefront example of this change of course. A similar trend is apparent in Turkey as
well. Increasing pressures on prices and excess demand have created more reasons for active government involvement. As political
factors weigh in, economic considerations take a secondary place in electricity markets. In order to show the tension between
political and economic preferences, we use the Pareto and Kaldor-Hicks criteria of welfare economics metaphorically. This
paper discusses the scope of competition policy in the Turkish electricity industry. We focus on the issue of regulatory governance.
The absence of a well established institutional environment reduces the potential role of competition policy in the industry
and increase political meddling in all segments of the Turkish electricity market. By looking into changes in prices, market
power and new entry closely, we discuss the relative success of the regulatory reform in the electricity industry. We conclude
by emphasizing the consequences of a passive competition authority in establishing a competitive electricity market. 相似文献
923.
Joseph L. Flanders Melissa Simard Daniel Paquette Sophie Parent Frank Vitaro Robert O. Pihl Jean R. Séguin 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(4):357-367
This is a follow-up to a study demonstrating that rough-and-tumble play was related to physical aggression in the preschool
years. Fathers reported on the frequency of father-child rough-and-tumble play interactions, and the degree to which fathers
were dominant in the play dyad was observed and coded from play interactions. In this follow-up study, school-aged children’s
physically aggressive behaviors and emotion regulation abilities were assessed with questionnaires 5 years later. Higher frequencies
of father-child rough-and-tumble play in the preschool years were associated with more physical aggression and worse emotion
regulation 5 years later for children whose fathers were less dominant, over and above the effects of physical aggression
in the preschool years. Rough-and-tumble play was unrelated to these measures among children whose fathers were more dominant
during play. This study shows that early rough-and-tumble play continues to be related to children’s psychosocial adjustment
over time, and that the effect remains moderated by the quality of the father-child relationship during play. 相似文献
924.
Audrey L. Scott M.A. Derek Congram M.A. M.S. David Sweet O.C. D.M.D. Ph.D. Stephen Fonseca Mark Skinner Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(1):241-244
Abstract: This case review illustrates the important contributions of forensic archeological methods and forensic anthropological analysis to the identification of found skeletal remains. After reassociation of skeletal remains found in two locations, anthropological analysis provided the basis for a presumptive identification and a request for antemortem medical records. Partial DNA profiles were supportive but not conclusive and antemortem dental records were not available. Comparison of antemortem traumas, skeletal morphology, and surgical artifacts with antemortem radiographs and surgical records led to positive identification of an individual missing for almost a decade. 相似文献
925.
Eric G. Lambert Nancy L. Hogan O. Oko Elechi Angela Morris Paula Dupuy 《Journal of criminal justice》2010,38(1):7
Distributive and procedural justice, two dimensions of organizational justice, have been found to be salient antecedents of many correctional staff attitudes, such as job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment; however, little correctional research has examined their relationships with the life satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intent. Multivariate regression equations were estimated to determine the association of personal characteristics, distributive justice, and procedural justice with the life satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intent of correctional employees based on a survey of 160 staff at a private midwestern maximum security institution. Both distributive and procedural justice had a statistically significant inverse association with burnout and turnover intent, while procedural justice had a significant positive relationship with life satisfaction. Additionally, the results indicated that the association of procedural justice was larger than the association for distributive justice. Similar results were obtained using only responses from correctional officers. 相似文献
926.
Avramenko EP Zoroastrov OM Lotter MG Zoroastrov MO 《Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza》2010,53(5):36-38
It was shown that ketoacidosis may be an immediate cause of death in subjects suffering chronic alcoholic intoxication. The authors present a list of biochemical studies and parameters that can be used for differential diagnosis between diabetic and alcoholic ketoacidosis. 相似文献
927.
The present study has demonstrated that elevated level of glycated haemoglobin in cadaveric blood may be regarded as an absolute diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus irrespective of other macro- and/or micropathomorphological signs of this disease. 相似文献
928.
Matthew Johnson B.Sc. John W. Bond O.B.E. D.Phil. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1366-1371
Indented writing on thermal paper made with either one, two, or three sheets of paper above the thermal paper has been visualized by the controlled application of heat to the thermal paper at temperatures below the paper's normal color change temperature. Indentations created by applying a variable pressure to a steel letter stamp showed that, with one sheet above the thermal paper, indentations were more visible at lower pressures than with either two or three sheets above. Handwriting from 20 volunteers produced indented writing graded with most of the text clear and easy to read for all samples with one sheet above, half the samples with two sheets above and eight samples with three sheets above. Comparison with ESDA showed that, with three sheets above, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01), with heating producing more samples than ESDA with most of the text clear and easy to read. 相似文献
929.
Hyperthermia,Thermal Injuries,and Death from a Forced Convection Heat Source: A Case Report and Experimental Model 下载免费PDF全文
Amanda O. Fisher‐Hubbard M.D. LokMan Sung M.D. Sean A. Hubbard M.S. Ph.D. Leigh Hlavaty M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(3):686-690
Heat‐related deaths of children are most often encountered in the context of enclosed vehicles in summer months. Deviating from this, a 16‐month‐old boy was found unresponsive in a stroller that was placed adjacent to a space heater during mid‐winter. The cause of death was hyperthermia and thermal injuries. Manner of death determination was difficult due to alleged surrounding circumstances. To understand the time‐course of this child's injuries, a child death scene investigation was performed; the stroller and space heater were recovered. In a re‐enactment of the events, a slaughtered pig approximating the child's size was warmed using a water bath and placed in the stroller beside the space heater. Cutaneous temperature measurements showed rapid initial temperature rise with subsequent steady increases. Tanning of the skin was seen on periodic direct observations. Internal temperature monitoring illustrated steady increases. This experiment was essential in classifying the manner of death as homicide. 相似文献
930.
Kyla M. Jorgenson M.S. Andrea L. Wiens D.O. Eric A. Pfeifer M.D. Joshua Lanter M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(6):1487-1495
The purpose of this study was to collect data and disseminate trends in officer‐involved firearm deaths in Oklahoma from 2000 to 2015. The Oklahoma Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) database was searched for civilian decedents with gunshot wounds inflicted by law enforcement officers and officer decedents with gunshot wounds inflicted by civilians. Five decedents were law enforcement officers, while 274 decedents were civilians. The number of civilian decedents throughout the study followed a quadratic trend. Civilian decedents were most commonly males (95%) between the ages of 20 and 39 (64%), had one or two gunshot wounds (46%), and had an increasing number of gunshot wounds over time. Postmortem toxicology testing most commonly detected ethanol, methamphetamine, cocaine, and PCP. Efforts toward increased tracking by various agencies and more scientific studies like this are needed to facilitate future analysis of trends in officer‐involved firearm deaths. 相似文献