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111.
Leon Gloria R. Fulkerson Jayne A. Perry Cheryl L. Keel Pamela K. Klump Kelly L. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1999,28(2):181-196
Findings of a 3- to 4-year prospective investigation of personality, temperament, and behavioral factors predictive of the later development of disordered eating in an adolescent population are presented. The sample consisted of 726 girls and 698 boys who entered the study in grades 7–10 in year 1 or in grade 7 in year 2. Predictors of eating disorder risk score were determined separately by gender. For both girls and boys, the latent variable of negative affect/attitudes determined at study entrance was the only significant predictor of final-year risk score. Semistructured diagnostic interviews confirmed an eating disorder diagnosis in 52.8% of 36 female subjects in the high eating disorder symptom group. A substantial history of lifetime and current comorbidity also was noted in this group. The function of negative affect/attitudes as a generalized psychopathology vulnerability factor and as a specific factor increasing risk for disordered eating is discussed. 相似文献
112.
Vogl-Bauer Sally Kalbfleisch Pamela J. Beatty Michael J. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1999,28(1):27-49
Equity theory has often been applied and applauded for its explanatory power in casual relationships, since most casual relationships endure only as long as both parties benefit from the relationship. The present study examined satisfaction and relational maintenance strategies as a function of equity in parent–adolescent relationships. Data from both parent and adolescent perceptions were gathered. Results indicated that parents' reports of satisfaction by perceived equity supported predictions by equity theory. However, adolescents' reports of satisfaction offer only partial support of equity theory for participants in underbenefited and equitable relationships. Adolescents' reports of satisfaction for overbenefited participants was not consistent with equity theory. Parents' and adolescents' reports of maintenance strategies by perceived equity provided some support of equity theory. Adolescents' reports of maintenance strategies were also influenced by parent sex. Implications for equity theory in parent–adolescent relationships are discussed. 相似文献
113.
Conclusion The interplay between political and economic reform in Mexico has atken a path not fully predicted by neomodernization theorists
or their critics. The Mexican events during these last few years demostrate that economic growth and market reform are not
necessarily correlated neatly with the advance of democratic practices, During the Salinas and Zadillo administartions, political
opening was not the “ultimate consequence of economic opening” as two analysts of Mexican economics and politics argued several
years ago.56 It was not the case that an expansion of individual initiative and greater economic choice accompanying market opening led
to the accelaration of democratic reforms in Mexico. Rather, limited democratic reforms were offered as the price of public
asquiescence to the economic pain associated with Mexico’s recent cycle of economic crisis and reform. The gradual expansion
of democracy in Mexico was not the consequence of market reforms but instead was the mechanism enabled the implementation
of these reforms.
Earlier versions of this paper were presented at Southern Methodist University conference on the Economic and Political Challenges
of Market Reform in Latin America, Dallas, TX, October 1997 and the XXI International Congress of the Latin American Studies
Association, Chicago, IL, 24–26 September 1998. The author would like to thank the participants of the SMU conference and
Philip Oxhom for their comments. 相似文献
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The 50-item Violence-Related Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (V-RABS) includes three subscales measuring possible causes of violent behavior (environmental influences, biological influences, and mental illness) and four subscales assessing possible controls of violent behavior (death penalty, punishment, prevention, and catharsis). Each subscale demonstrates good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Thus, the V-RABS and its component subscales can be valuable research tools for understanding people's beliefs about the causes and controls of violent crime. 相似文献
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Pamela?K.?LattimoreEmail author Christopher?P.?Krebs Willem?Koetse Christine?Lindquist Alex?J.?Cowell 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2005,1(2):159-189
Support for the effectiveness of substance abuse treatment to reduce substance use and recidivism among populations supervised by the criminal justice system continues to grow in substance abuse and criminal justice literature. Recent studies show that a variety of programs including the Breaking the Cycle program and drug courts appear to result in improved outcomes for offenders. In this paper, we examine the effect of non-residential substance abuse treatment on arrest. Our data are for almost 134,000 ‘drug-involved’ individuals sentenced to probation in Florida between July 1995 and June 2000. Nearly 52,000 of these individuals received non-residential substance abuse treatment, while 81,797 did not. Our approach is a methodologically simple one that entails stratifying our data by treatment status, estimating logit and negative binomial models of arrest for each of the two datasets, and then applying each model to both datasets. This approach, which requires that both groups include subjects for whom treatment is appropriate, is analogous to using regression models to predict outcomes for new values of independent variables. For each observation in the dataset, we use the models to predict the expected outcomes for each individual under two scenarios – receiving non-residential treatment and receiving no treatment. Summing over these individual estimates provides an estimate of the total numbers of arrests that would be expected under different levels of population exposure to treatment. Results suggest that non-residential treatment reduced both the expected numbers of individuals who recidivated (i.e., were arrested) and the expected total numbers of arrests in the 12 and 24 months following placement on supervision.**RTI is an independent organization dedicated to conducting innovative, multidisciplinary research that improves the human condition. 相似文献