纸张检验综述

纸张检验是文件检验鉴定技术的重要组成部分之一。文章对有关纸张种类鉴别和纸张相对形成时间检验的文献进行了综述,介绍了用于纸张种类和形成时间检验的无损和有损方法,对各种方法的适用性进行了归纳总结。     

Dating of Inkpad Seals Using the Extraction Rate Method: Preliminary Findings

Inkpad seals are often placed on important documents, and determining the date when a seal was affixed can be important to assess the authenticity of a document. In this study, three different brands of inkpads and four different types of paper were used to make diachronic samples of the seals. A double‐solvent extraction method was employed to date the inkpad seals by comparing extraction rates with inks of known age. Cyclohexane was selected as a weak solvent, and chlorobenzene was selected as a strong solvent. After testing, curves were created to show the relationship between the extraction percentage of ink and the date of the seals. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate method was applicable for the relative dating of inkpad seals in some cases where the seal was placed on the document within 6 months.     

GC Analysis of Black Gel Pen Ink Stored under Different Conditions

In many criminal and civil cases in China, the most commonly questioned documents are those written with gel pen ink. An important task for forensic document examiners is to identify whether two or more ink entries in one or more documents were written with the same ink type. The identification of the age of gel ink entries made poses an important and difficult problem for forensic document examiners. In this paper, the volatile components of gel ink were determined and the gel ink was classified by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. Calibration curves were created to express the relationship between the content of volatile gel ink components and the age of gel ink entries stored under natural and UV‐induced aging conditions. The correspondence between the natural and UV‐induced aging conditions was also established. The experimental results showed that GC was useful in the analysis of black gel ink and applicable for determining the relative age of gel ink entries under certain conditions.     

State transformation goes nuclear: Chinese National Nuclear Companies’ expansion into Europe

Abstract

Most of the literature on state transformation focuses on China’s relations with African, Asian and Latin American countries and the National Oil Companies’ overseas expansion to show that China has become fragmented, decentralised and internationalised. This article contributes novel findings by focusing on China’s relations with Europe and the actions of China’s National Nuclear Companies (NNCs). It shows that NNCs, which have become relatively autonomous actors, often pursue their agendas of expansion into Europe without much coordination with, or even in contradiction to, other ministries’ agendas and interests, especially the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Instead of being orchestrated by the central government, their expansion reflects considerable disorganisation and sometimes undermines China’s official strategy. The article demonstrates this through case studies of NNCs’ involvement in the UK and Romania.     

说明义务对金融衍生品出售方的规制--基于投资者保护的视角

出售金融衍生品的金融机构正当履行说明义务，有助于矫正投资者与金融机构之间的信息不对称问题，使得投资者可以在全面了解金融衍生品的基础上做出理性的投资决策。根据说明义务的一般要求和金融衍生品的自身特性，金融机构应在衍生品出售前，以准确、可被投资者理解的方式，向投资者告知金融衍生品的功能、结构、收益、风险、保证金、挂钩指数等重要信息。     

基于X-射线衍射法检测甲基苯丙胺晶体并推断来源

目的采用X-射线衍射法(XRD)建立一种快速检测甲基苯丙胺晶体并推断其来源的方法。方法对18起案件中的53份甲基苯丙胺样本进行XRD检验。结果通过分析主要特征峰强度比例,可以得到毒品的定性分析结果,以及样本的晶型取向信息;通过分析XRD谱图中毒品的特征峰半峰宽信息可以得到毒品的结晶度;对样本中明显的杂质峰进行比对,即可得到毒品来源信息参考。结论该方法简便快捷、无损样本、无污染,能够快速、准确、高效地分析结晶状毒品,为确定制贩毒集团上下线及涉毒案件串并案提供佐证。     

新时代社区居民自治实现形式研究

党的十九大报告提出,要推动社会治理重心向基层社区下移,并强调探索创新居民自治有效实现形式是建设社区治理体系的重要方面。本文在分析当前各地探索居民自治取得的成效和存在的不足基础上提出,有效推进社区居民自治,首先需要政府进一步加大放权力度并积极转变角色职能,从过去亲力亲为的社区治理“包办者”转为“引领者”和“服务者”;与此同时,也需要居委会等社区组织通过加强社区“硬环境”和“软环境”建设来吸引居民和其他社会组织的积极参与,以形成政府、社会、居民等多方力量共建共治的社区治理新格局。     

无身份者能否成为身份犯之共同正犯再探讨

我国《刑法》总则中并无身份的专门规定,刑法理论对身份的理解也没有达成完全共识,当身份与共同犯罪联系起来时显得更为复杂,尤其是对无身份者能否与有身份者成为身份犯之共同正犯问题,更是存在激烈争论。无身份者可以与有身份者构成身份犯之共同犯罪,但由于无身份者的行为对于身份犯而言并不具有实行性,因而无身份者只可以构成身份犯之共犯,不能与有身份者构成身份犯之共同正犯。     

中国特色社会主义和平发展思想的三个基本命题

坚定不移走和平发展道路,始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略,推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界,是中国特色社会主义和平发展思想的三个基本命题.三个基本命题的提出,是以胡锦涛为总书记的党中央对大变革大调整的当今世界审时度势、运筹帷幄的产物,反映了新的历史条件下坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的内在要求,继承、丰富和升华了中国共产党的和平发展思想.     

Chinese Nationalism and Trust in East Asia

ABSTRACT

China’s rise has been accompanied by a rise in nationalism. But what are the characteristics of this nationalism now being witnessed? Does it support China’s constructive engagement with the international order, or does it seek to assert China’s supremacy? These questions lie at the hub of a rapidly expanding secondary literature on the emergence of nationalism in China and its impact on China’s foreign relations. What is, however, absent from the academic discourse is the voice of the Chinese people themselves. What are their perceptions of the nation-state, and how do these beliefs shape their views of China’s relationship with East Asia? To address this gap, we conducted a series of large-scale surveys in Beijing between 2011 and 2013 on the twinned topics of domestic nationalism and international relations. Our findings, as reported below, represent an initial attempt to answer this final and, arguably, most critical set of questions.