Complex study of the tongue mucosa for identification of a person

Patterns of the dorsal surface of the mucosa of the tongue was studied in order to detect its specific features in 749 normal subjects of both sexes aged 5-85 years (422 men and 327 women). Racial characteristics of the tongue mucosa structure were studied in 114 foreign students from Africa and Asia. Tongues of 272 corpses of both sexes were examined. A complex of modern methods was used: measurements of geometric parameters, plaster models, computer studies, etc. Unidimensional and multidimensional mathematical analysis helped detect the most significant identification signs of the mucosa of the tongue. The results enabled the authors to create a mathematical model of the tongue allowing identification of sex, age, and ethnic appurtenance.     

Features of asymmetry of paired sizes of the lower jaw as applied to osteologic human identification

The article contains craniometric data of 50 lower jaws. An asymmetry of twin sizes of the lower jaw as applicable to the tasks of osteologic personality identification is evaluated.     

Evaluation of disorders in the liquor circulation in craniocerebral trauma

The modern methods of complex examinations of the brain in craniocerebral trauma are addressed and the possibilities of the topographic-and-anatomic substantiation in the forensic-medical (expert) evaluation of traumatic lesions of liquor-circulation structural elements are elucidated in the paper. Morphometry data characterizing the dislocation manifestations are presented with respect to the dislocation intensity and severity.     

Forensic medical expert evaluation in connection with civil actions of patients complaining of improper dental care

The authors discuss questions facing forensic medical experts in connection with civil "medical" actions. The questions are classified as common and private. Expert evaluations of correspondence of the scope and quality of dental care are offered as the base for analysis of these problems within the framework of civil legislation. The data evidence efficiency of forensic medical expert evaluations in civil legal procedure and the significance of forensic medical service in the solution of problems of quality and efficiency of medical (including dental) care of the population.     

刍议我国法庭口译制度的构建

自我国加入世界贸易组织以来,涉外案件逐年增多,对法庭口译的需求不断扩大.而我国目前尚未有关于法庭口译制度的立法,实际操作中更是无章可循,由此导致了一系列的法律问题.为了保障当事人的合法权益,确保法律程序的公正,维护我国司法的国际形象,法庭口译制度的建立已迫在眉睫.介绍美国、澳大利亚和日本等国家的法庭口译的立法和制度实践,并在此基础上提出我国建立法庭口译制度的一些构想.     

Expert evaluation of damage to health in dental injuries

Discusses problems in forensic medical expert evaluation of the severity of dental injuries. Analyzes the classification of dental injuries and criteria for their expert evaluation. Considers some disputable and contradictory problems in expert interpretation of dental injuries involving complete loss of teeth and evaluation of injuries in subjects with maxillodental diseases. Offers approaches to solution of these problems.     

完善我国未成年人犯罪非刑罚矫正制度的构想

未成年人生理、智力尚不成熟,人生观、价值观尚未形成,对他们犯罪应尽可能适用非刑罚化矫正。目前我国未成年人犯罪作非刑罚处理的法律规定只有《刑法》第17条第4款和适用于一般主体的第37条。第37条把"犯罪情节轻微不需要判处刑罚"设为一个"口袋",规定把凡是符合这个"口袋"标准的情况都给予"免予刑事处罚"。这两条规定罗列了总共八条非刑罚性矫正措施。这种规定过于简单,远未上升到制度层面,在实践中造成无法可依、无章可循及主观擅断、监管不力和形同虚设的局面。未成年人犯罪非刑罚化矫正制度在语义上应当包含四方面内容和五方面外延。进行制度化构建需要确定基本的指导原则、明确适用的对象、制定详尽的矫正措施并对每种措施设计出规范的操作程序等。     

Study of ethno-racial and sexual specificity of hard palate mucosa for person identification

Relief of hard palatal mucosa was examined to identify ethno-racial and gender affiliation in representatives of europeoid, mongolid, and intermediate racial groups, viz Estonians (northern europeoid type), Azerbajaninans (southern europeoid), Koreans (Far East mongoloid), and Kasakhs (intermediate). The results of the study suggest the possibility in principle to identify the ethno-racial affiliation of human subjects from the distribution pattern of hard palate mucosal folds.