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801.
Michele Ivanitz 《Australian Journal of Public Administration》2000,59(1):3-12
ATSIC has been portrayed by the Coalition government as an organisation that is not financially accountable and, because of this, is not achieving positive service delivery outcomes for Aboriginal people. Drawing on documentary material and fieldwork data, this article argues that ATSIC is indeed accountable and that the Coalition is putting the accountability argument forward as a means of justifying the dismantling of ATSIC. Given the past and recent actions taken by the Coalition, it is unclear how much longer ATSIC will be able to survive in its current form. 相似文献
802.
Elizabeth Reed Anita Raj Gilliatt Falbo Fatima Caminha Michele R. Decker Deborah C. Kaliel Stacey A. Missmer Beth E. Molnar Jay G. Silverman 《International journal of law and psychiatry》2009,32(5):323-328
PurposeTo assess the prevalence and different types of violence experienced by women prisoners in Brazil and the effects of violence on women's depression and illicit drug use.MethodsParticipants (N = 377) were incarcerated women from a state prison in a northeastern city of Brazil. Multivariate logistic regression models (adjusted for age, education, partner status, prison history, drug related offense, and sentencing status) were used to assess associations between each type of violence (physical abuse, sexual abuse, and life threats) and each outcome variable: recent depression and illicit drug use.ResultsThe majority of participants (87%) reported experiencing some type of violence in their lifetime, including physical violence (83%), sexual victimization (36%), and threats on their life (29%.) Sexual violence was significantly related to both recent depression (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.8; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.4–5.3) and recent substance use (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.6–4.4) in adjusted models. Experiences of life threats were also significantly associated with illicit drug use (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3–3.7), as was physical violence (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–4.9); however, neither of these latter two violence variables were significantly associated with depression.ConclusionReports of lifetime violence victimization among this incarcerated sample of women were extremely prevalent and relevant to women's depression and illicit drug use. Prison efforts to address women's depression and illicit drug use may be most effective by incorporating aspects related to women's history of victimization, especially given the high rates of violence experienced by women in this sample. 相似文献
803.
804.
Garrity TF Prewitt SH Joosen M Tindall MS Webster JM Leukefeld CG 《International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology》2008,52(3):346-357
Psychological stress has long been known to predict negative changes in physical and behavioral health in the general population. The same relationships have been found in research on drug abusers. In this longitudinal study, 477 clients of two Kentucky drug courts were followed for 1 year to examine the relationship between subjective stress at intake and outcomes 1 year after the baseline of this 18-month drug court program. Greater baseline subjective stress was significantly associated with poorer employment, substance use, criminal justice, and health outcomes at 1-year follow-up, even after adjusting for selected demographic characteristics and baseline levels of the outcomes of interest. If these results are replicated in these and other drug courts, then a stress reduction treatment trial within the drug court context should be attempted and evaluated. 相似文献
805.
The exposition to heavy metal-rich airborne due to fire practicing has forced to the development of heavy metal-free environmental ammunition primers all over the world. Here we characterize the GSR elements present in the Brazilian lead-free ammunition produced by Companhia Brasileira de Cartuchos (CBC) and commercialized by MagTech in the U.S. and Europe under the name CleanRange centerfire cartridges. Both first and second generations of CleanRange in calibers 9 mm Luger, .40 S&W, .380 AUTO and .38 SPL were analyzed and compared to regular Brazilian CBC ammunition by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy. Differences in composition and morphology of GSR particles from the two generations of CleanRange were observed. The first generation ammunition (found in Europe) presented spherical particles, being strontium the only unique element detected. The second generation (found in the U.S.) produced irregular particles composed mostly by potassium, aluminum, silicon and calcium. We can conclude that identification of GSR derived from CBC second generation lead-free ammunition in suspects' hands may be impossible without the addition of a distinct metallic taggant in the primer composition by the manufacturer. 相似文献
806.
Criminal Justice in a Democracy: Towards a Relational Conception of Criminal Law and Punishment 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
René Foqué 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2008,2(3):207-227
This article starts from the observation that in classical Athens the discovery of democracy as a normative model of politics
has been from the beginning not only a political and a legal but at the same time a philosophical enterprise. Reflections
on the concept of criminal law and on the meaning of punishment can greatly benefit from reflections on Athenian democracy
as a germ for our contemporary debate on criminal justice in a democracy. Three main characteristics of the Athenian model
will be analysed: the self-instituting capacity of a democracy based on participatory and reflective citizenship, political
power as the capacity of citizens for co-operating and co-acting with others, and the crime of hubris as one of the key issues
in Athenian criminal law. These analyses will lead to the conclusion that one of the key issues of a democratic legal order
lies in its capacity of recognizing the fragility of the human condition and of developing workable and effective standards
of justice in that context. A relational conception of criminal law and punishment, based on proportionality, reflexivity,
mutual respect and responsibility fits best with a democracy under the rule of law.
相似文献
René FoquéEmail: |
807.
Oser CB Mooney JL Staton-Tindall M Leukefeld CG 《Journal of interpersonal violence》2009,24(8):1285-1303
Little research has focused on the drugs-violence nexus in rural areas. As such, the purpose of this study is to use Goldstein's tripartite conceptual framework to examine the relationship between drugs and violence among felony probationers in rural Appalachian Kentucky (n = 799). Data on demographics, substance use criminal history, and violence were collected between 2001 and 2004 using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Rural probationers are partitioned into four groups based on lifetime violent victimization/perpetration experiences: (a) neither a perpetrator nor a victim, (b) perpetrator only, (c) victim only, and (d) both a perpetrator and a victim. Chi-square analyses indicate substance use, and criminal history varies across the four groups. Binary logistic regression analyses are used to explore the significant correlates of both perpetration and victimization. Multivariate analyses support both the psychopharmacological model and the economic compulsive models of perpetration and victimization. Further implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
808.
Latent Fingermark Aging Patterns (Part III): Discontinuity Index as One Indicator of Degradation 下载免费PDF全文
Josep De Alcaraz‐Fossoul Ph.D. Carme Barrot Feixat Ph.D. Clara Carreras‐Marin M.Sc. Jack Tasker B.Sc. Sara C. Zapico Ph.D. Manel Gené Badia Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1180-1187
This article is the third in a series of reports exploring quantifiable visual parameters of the aging process of latent fingermarks. On this occasion, research is focused on the occurrence of ridge discontinuities (i.e. breakages) as a function of time. Experiment variables included type of secretion (eccrine and sebaceous), substrate (glass and plastic), and exposure to natural light (dark, shade, and direct light) over a 6 months period. Fingermarks were sequentially visualized with titanium dioxide powder, photographed, and the number of naturally occurring ridge discontinuities subsequently evaluated. A semi‐quantitative value, named Discontinuity Index, was used to better characterize this aging parameter. Results indicated that ridges of sebaceous depositions on glass were generally less affected by the environmental conditions compared with those on plastic surface. In addition, aging in darkness was not always the best condition for preservation, and the direct exposure to light seemed not to affect the degradation under certain conditions. 相似文献
809.
Cartigny B Azaroual N Imbenotte M Mathieu D Vermeersch G Goullé JP Lhermitte M 《Forensic science international》2004,143(2-3):141-145
Identification of glyphosate in four cases of poisoning, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of biological fluids is reported. It has been performed by using a combination of 1H and 31P NMR analyses. Characterization of the N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine herbicide was achieved by chemical shift considerations and coupling constant patterns: CH2-(P) presents specific resonance at 3.12 ppm and appears as a doublet with a H-P characteristic coupling constant of 12.3 Hz. Moreover, resonances due to isopropylamine were present, confirming the ingestion of the considered trade formulation. After a calibration step, quantitation was performed by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy. The benefit and reliability of NMR investigations of biological fluids are discussed, particularly when the clinical picture is quite confusing. 相似文献
810.
Labat L Dumestre-Toulet V Goullé JP Lhermitte M 《Forensic science international》2004,143(2-3):215-217
A 57-year-old pharmacist was found dead 11 days after his disappearance. At the autopsy, samples of blood, urine, gastric content were obtained. Presence of ethanol, cyanide and mercury were detected in some samples. Cyanide and mercury were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC) in fluorescence mode and ICP with mass selective detector (ICP-MS) respectively. Whole blood concentrations of ethanol was 1.72 g/L. Cyanide and mercury concentrations in whole blood were respectively 0.16 and 3.8 mg/L. Concentrations of cyanide (27 mg/L) and mercury (150 mg/L) in gastric contents prove a massive oral ingestion of mercuric cyanide or mercuric oxycyanide occurred. In this case report, the death was attributed to the combined toxicity of cyanide and mercury. 相似文献